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Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2024Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is characterised by symptoms confined to the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. Confirmed diagnosis requires prospective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is characterised by symptoms confined to the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. Confirmed diagnosis requires prospective monitoring of symptoms over two cycles, otherwise the diagnosis is provisional. We aimed to measure the point prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
METHODS
We searched for studies of prevalence using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and PubMed. For each study, the total sample size and number of cases were extracted. The prevalence across studies was calculated using random effects meta-analysis with a generalised linear mixed model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Pre-registration was with PROSPERO (CRD42021249249).
RESULTS
44 studies with 48 independent samples met inclusion criteria, consisting of 50,659 participants. The pooled prevalence was 3.2 % (95 % confidence intervals: 1.7 %-5.9 %) for confirmed and 7.7 % (95 % confidence intervals: 5.3 %-11.0 %) for provisional diagnosis. There was high heterogeneity across all studies (I = 99 %). Sources of heterogeneity identified by meta-regression were continent of sample (p < 0.0001), type of sample (community-based, university, high school) (p = 0.007), risk of bias (p = 0.009), and method of diagnosis (p = 0.017). Restricting the analysis to community-based samples using confirmed diagnosis resulted in a prevalence of 1.6 % (95 % confidence intervals: 1.0 %-2.5 %), with low heterogeneity (I = 26 %).
LIMITATIONS
A small number of included studies used full DSM criteria in community settings.
CONCLUSIONS
The point prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder using confirmed diagnosis is lower compared with provisional diagnosis. Studies relying on provisional diagnosis are likely to produce artificially high prevalence rates.
Topics: Humans; Female; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Menstrual Cycle
PubMed: 38199397
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.066 -
PloS One 2023Breast cancer is known as one of the most common diseases among women, the psychological consequences of which are common in women and affect various aspects of their... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is known as one of the most common diseases among women, the psychological consequences of which are common in women and affect various aspects of their lives, so this study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer globally.
METHOD
The present meta-analysis was performed by searching for keywords related to breast cancer and depression in 4 main databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences and Scopus in the period of January 2000 to November 2021 and the results of the study using R and CMA software were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 71 studies were selected in English and the results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of depression in women with breast cancer is 30.2%, with Pakistan having the highest (83%) prevalence of depression and Taiwan having the lowest (8.3%). And in the WHO regions, EMRO region had the highest (49.7%) rate and SEARO region had the lowest (23%) prevalence of depression. Also, with increasing age, the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer increases.
CONCLUSION
Community and family support for women with breast cancer, holding psychology and psychotherapy courses, lifestyle modifications and training in this area can be effective in preventing the reduction of the prevalence of depression, and given the pivotal role of women in family affairs, this This can be in line with the work of health system policymakers.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Depression; Prevalence; Family Support; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 37494393
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287372 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. However, reliable prevalence estimates of SCD in the Chinese population are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. However, reliable prevalence estimates of SCD in the Chinese population are lacking, underscoring the importance of such metrics for policymakers to formulate appropriate healthcare strategies.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate SCD prevalence among older Chinese adults.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, and Airiti Library databases were searched for studies on SCD in older Chinese individuals published before May 2023. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted the information, and assessed the bias risk of the included studies. A meta-analysis was then conducted using Stata 16.0 software via a random-effects model to analyze SCD prevalence in older Chinese adults.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies were included (n = 31,782). The SCD prevalence in older Chinese adults was 46.4% (95% CI, 40.6-52.2%). Further, subgroup analyzes indicated that SCD prevalence was 50.8% in men and 58.9% among women. Additionally, SCD prevalence in individuals aged 60-69, 70-79, and ≥ 80 years was 38.0, 45.2, and 60.3%, respectively. Furthermore, SCD prevalence in older adults with BMI <18.5, 18.5-24.0, and > 24.0 was 59.3, 54.0, and 52.9%, respectively. Geographically, SCD prevalence among older Chinese individuals was 41.3% in North China and 50.0% in South China. In terms of residence, SCD prevalence was 47.1% in urban residents and 50.0% among rural residents. As for retired individuals, SCD prevalence was 44.2% in non-manual workers and 49.2% among manual workers. In the case of education, individuals with an education level of "elementary school and below" had an SCD prevalence rate of 62.8%; "middle school, "52.4%; "high school, "55.0%; and "college and above, "51.3%. Finally, SCD prevalence was lower among married individuals with surviving spouses than in single adults who were divorced, widowed, or unmarried.
CONCLUSION
Our systematic review and meta-analysis identified significant and widespread SCD prevalence in the older population in China. Therefore, our review findings highlight the urgent requirement for medical institutions and policymakers across all levels to prioritize and rapidly develop and implement comprehensive preventive and therapeutic strategies for SCD.: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023406950, identifier: CRD42023406950.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; China; Cognitive Dysfunction; Prevalence; Schools; East Asian People; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38106895
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1277995 -
International Wound Journal Nov 2023Non-accidental burns (NABs) in children had some adverse effects, such as severe burns, requiring skin grafting, and mortality. Previous studies reported NABs in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Non-accidental burns (NABs) in children had some adverse effects, such as severe burns, requiring skin grafting, and mortality. Previous studies reported NABs in the form of neglect, suspected abuse, and child abuse. Also, different statistics were estimated for the prevalence of NABs in children. Therefore, the current study aimed to comprehensively review and summarise the literature on the prevalence of NABs in children. Also, factors related to NABs as a secondary aim were considered in this review. Keywords combined using Boolean operators and searches were performed in international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Only studies in English were considered from the earliest to 1 March 2023. The analysis was performed using STATA software version 14. Finally, 29 articles were retrieved for the quantitative analysis. Results found that the prevalence of child abuse, suspected abuse, neglect, 'child abuse or suspect abused', and 'abuse, suspect abused, or neglect' was 6% (ES: 0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05-0.07), 12% (ES: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.09-0.15), 21% (ES: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07-0.35), 8% (ES: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.07-0.09), and 15% (ES: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.13-0.16) among burns victims, respectively. Also, factors related to NABs are categorised into age and gender, agent and area of burns, and family features. Considering the results of the current study, planning for rapid diagnosis and designing a process to manage NABs in children is necessary.
Topics: Child; Humans; Prevalence; Child Abuse; Burns
PubMed: 37224877
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14236 -
European Review For Medical and... Sep 2023Myopia is becoming more common, a significant public health issue everywhere, including in China. There needs to be a comprehensive analysis of the evidence about the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Myopia is becoming more common, a significant public health issue everywhere, including in China. There needs to be a comprehensive analysis of the evidence about the extent of myopia in Chinese schoolchildren, despite earlier studies showing a growing frequency in China. Therefore, the frequency of myopia in Chinese schoolchildren is examined in this study with supporting data and a meta-analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The 2022 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were used for this research. From January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022, five computerized bibliographic databases, including PUBMED, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and China Index Medicus, were reviewed and aimed at investigating myopia's prevalence in China. The studies' methodological quality was evaluated. Myopia is defined as a refractive error. Data were collected according to gender, age, and refraction method. The prevalence was calculated through a meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Data from 11 quality-assessed studies, with a total of 1,013,206 adolescents, were included. Hanting District children had an overall myopia prevalence of 45.47%, but Changyi children had a myopia prevalence of 82.37%. In general, 48.56, 47.30, and 31.62% of elementary, middle, and higher school pupils had mild myopia, compared to 1.12, 8.89, and 20.12% who had high myopia. Children aged 7-9 years old experienced the largest overall increase in the prevalence of myopia. For girls and boys, the prevalence of higher myopia was 7.59% and 6.43% (p<0.001). Yet, the spherical equivalent (SE) dropped as students' ages and grades rose. Myopia prevalence rises as students age and grade.
CONCLUSIONS
The recent findings revealed that myopia predominated among schoolchildren in Weifang. It steadily grew through age, in addition to it being more common in Changyi neighborhoods. Females had a greater frequency of myopia than males.
Topics: Male; Child; Female; Adolescent; Humans; Prevalence; Myopia; Refraction, Ocular; China; Schools
PubMed: 37750628
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33559 -
General Hospital Psychiatry 2024Long COVID can include impaired cognition ('brain fog'; a term encompassing multiple symptoms) and mental health conditions. We performed a systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Long COVID can include impaired cognition ('brain fog'; a term encompassing multiple symptoms) and mental health conditions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate their prevalence and to explore relevant factors associated with the incidence of impaired cognition and mental health conditions.
METHODS
Searches were conducted in Medline and PsycINFO to cover the start of the pandemic until August 2023. Included studies reported prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog in adults with long COVID after clinically-diagnosed or PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
FINDINGS
17 studies were included, reporting 41,249 long COVID patients. Across all timepoints (3-24 months), the combined prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog was 20·4% (95% CI 11·1%-34·4%), being lower among those previously hospitalised than in community-managed patients(19·5 vs 29·7% respectively; p = 0·047). The odds of mental health conditions and brain fog increased over time and when validated instruments were used. Odds of brain fog significantly decreased with increasing vaccination rates (p = ·000).
CONCLUSIONS
Given the increasing prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog over time, preventive interventions and treatments are needed. Research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms that could inform further research in development of effective treatments. The reduced risk of brain fog associated with vaccination emphasizes the need for ongoing vaccination programs.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Mental Health; Prevalence; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Mental Fatigue
PubMed: 38447388
DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.009 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2023Type 2 diabetes and obesity are serious public health concerns globally and a growing burden in Africa. Both conditions have serious repercussions on health when they... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes and obesity are serious public health concerns globally and a growing burden in Africa. Both conditions have serious repercussions on health when they co-occur, yet the extent of their co-occurrence in Africa remains unknown. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among persons with type 2 diabetes in Africa.
METHOD
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, African Index Medicus (AIM), and African Journals Online (AJOL) for observational studies that reported the prevalence of overweight and/or obesity among type 2 diabetes patients in Africa. The prevalence data from individual studies were aggregated through a random-effects meta-analysis. The statistic was used to evaluate between-studies heterogeneity, while subgroup analysis and mixed-effects meta-regression were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity. We assessed publication bias using funnel plots and Egger's test. This review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
Of 1753 records retrieved, 80 articles were eligible for this review, with 74 cross-sectional studies included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of overweight and obesity was 35.6% and 25.6% respectively, while the overall prevalence of both overweight and obesity was 61.4%. Also, the pooled prevalence of both overweight and obesity across the five geographical areas in Africa ranged from 56.9% in East Africa to 88.5% in Southern Africa. Nineteen factors were significantly associated with overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes.
CONCLUSION
The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes is a significant public health concern that transcends geographical boundaries within Africa. The findings from this review highlight the need for innovative weight management interventions that are tailored to the cultural context of the African setting.KEY MESSAGESThere was a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among the type 2 diabetes patients.Nineteen factors were identified to be significantly associated with overweight and obesity among type 2 diabetes patients.Only 12 out of the 80 included studies primarily focused on the prevalence of overweight and/or obesity which reflects a dearth of interest in this topic.
Topics: Humans; Overweight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Obesity; Africa
PubMed: 36821504
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2182909 -
PloS One 2023Overactive bladder (OAB) is a significant public health issue that adversely affects the quality of life of patients and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden, with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a significant public health issue that adversely affects the quality of life of patients and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden, with varying prevalence rates across study populations in Chinese women. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of OAB in Chinese women.
METHODS
Relevant published articles on the prevalence of OAB in Chinese women were searched through July 21, 2022, using PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, and VIP databases. After the independent screening of articles, data extraction, and quality assessment of included studies by two investigators, a meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software, and the prevalence was determined using a random-effects model. To identify potential sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were conducted with subgroup categories including age, Body Mass Index (BMI), region, and survey year. Publication bias was assessed by visually examining the funnel plot and Egger's test.
RESULTS
Twenty studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results of the random-effects model indicated that the prevalence of OAB in Chinese women was 14% (95% Confidence Interval: 9%-18%). The prevalence increased significantly in the past decade (from 8% in pre-2006 to 18% in 2016-2021). A prevalence (18%) was observed among women aged 31-40 compared with other age groups. The BMI range of 24-27.9 (18%) was higher than the other groups. Additionally, the prevalence of this BMI range was comparatively higher in North China and Southwest China (21%) than in Central China and East China. In addition, publication bias was observed.
CONCLUSIONS
OAB incidence has increased in Chinese women over the last two decades, affecting more than 20% of women aged 31-40 years and above. With the increasing prevalence of OAB, greater emphasis has been placed on implementing preventative and control measures.
Topics: Humans; Female; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Quality of Life; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires; China
PubMed: 38127870
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290396 -
Global prevalence of early childhood dental fear and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Dentistry Mar 2024The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors.
METHODS
The systematic review utilized three common English-language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science). Two independent researchers performed a systematic search to include observational studies on young children published from 2000 to 2023. They extracted information on prevalence of DFA, assessment tools used, study sites, respondents, and children's dental visit experiences.
RESULTS
A total of 2,895 studies were identified, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The pooled prevalence of DFA among 2- to 6- year-old children was estimated to be 30 % (95 % CI=25, 36). Children without dental visit experience (OR=1.37, 95 % CI=1.18, 1.59) and children with caries experiences (OR=1.18, 95 % CI=1.09, 1.27) had higher odds of experiencing DFA compared to those with dental visit experience or caries-free status. The most commonly used assessment tools in the included studies were the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (32 %, 8/25), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (20 %, 5/25), and Dental Anxiety Question (20 %, 5/25).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review reveals that approximately one-third of young children globally experience DFA. Children who lack dental visit experience or have caries experiences are at increased risk of DFA. Clinicians can use this information to make informed decisions regarding dental care provision for young children.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study provides comprehensive information on the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety and its associated factors in early childhood. The findings can assist clinicians in understanding and addressing DFA in their dental care approach for young children.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42023446464).
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Anxiety Disorders; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Prevalence; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38246307
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104841 -
The Journal of International Medical... Oct 2023As welfare societies, Scandinavian countries share characteristics of equality related to healthcare access, gender, and social services. However, cultural and lifestyle... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
As welfare societies, Scandinavian countries share characteristics of equality related to healthcare access, gender, and social services. However, cultural and lifestyle variations create country-specific health differences. This meta-analysis assessed the prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) and its categories in Scandinavian countries.
METHODS
A systematic search in key databases of literature published between 1990 and 2021 identified studies of the prevalence of PTB and its categories. Following the use of the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, a meta-analysis of weighted data was performed using the random-effects model and meta-prop method.
RESULTS
We identified 109 observational studies that involved 86,420,188 live births. The overall pooled prevalence (PP) of PTB was 5.3% (PP = 5.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.1%, 5.5%). The highest prevalence was in Norway (PP = 6.2%, 95% CI 5.3%, 7.0%), followed by Sweden (PP = 5.3%, 95% CI 5.1%, 5.4%), Denmark (PP = 5.2%, 95% CI 4.9%, 5.3%), and Iceland (PP = 5.0%, 95% CI 4.4%, 5.7%). Finland had the lowest PTB rate (PP = 4.9%, 95% CI 4.7%, 5.1%).
CONCLUSIONS
The overall PP of PTB was 5.3%, with small variations among countries (4.9%-6.2%). The highest and lowest PPs of PTB were in Norway and Finland, respectively.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Live Birth; Finland; Norway
PubMed: 37843530
DOI: 10.1177/03000605231203843