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Frontiers in Public Health 2023The purpose of this scoping review is to stimulate interest and to raise awareness, among researchers, healthcare practitioners, and policymakers regarding the current... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this scoping review is to stimulate interest and to raise awareness, among researchers, healthcare practitioners, and policymakers regarding the current scientific literature related to exercise prescription for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Exercise prescription is a safe and cost-effective method that enables physicians to use exercise as a complementary addition to NCDs management and treatment.
METHODS
This scoping review followed the PRISMA Extension Guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Using this framework, we considered information from qualitative and quantitative studies to identify research gaps. We provide feasible suggestions to guide future research for the implementation of exercise prescription in the healthcare environment. The literature search was conducted using SPIDER and PICO tools for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-study designs. Inclusion criteria included articles that investigated patients with NCDs and considered exercise interventions. Systematic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect were undertaken on 26 July 2022 and all reference lists were manually searched. Data processing was performed using EndNote 2.0 software and data charts were used for numerical summary and thematic analysis.
RESULTS
There were 10,951 articles retrieved, of which 28 met the inclusion criteria. Based on the evidence, exercise was a feasible, safe, and acceptable method to prevent and manage non-communicable diseases in inpatient and outpatient settings. Six research directions were identified and discussed. In addition, implementation evidence and suggestions for policy-reconfiguration are also provided.
CONCLUSION
This scoping review summarizes the current evidence for the effectiveness of exercise in the treatment of non-communicable diseases. The review provides key findings supporting exercise prescription for the inpatient and outpatient healthcare service. We suggest that governments and healthcare policymakers globally advocate the inclusion of structured exercise prescription within the NCDs treatment setting.
Topics: Humans; Noncommunicable Diseases; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Research Design
PubMed: 37501942
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1126244 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Dec 2023Obesity has been linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a widespread chronic liver ailment, as well as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The development of... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Obesity has been linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a widespread chronic liver ailment, as well as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The development of NAFLD is influenced by repeated intermittent hypoxia, a feature of OSA.
METHODS
This systematic review (SR) investigated CENTRAL, PubMed, and EMBASE databases. The endpoint of this SR was to assess which OSA-related indicators could predict the presence of NAFLD and the effect of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) on improving OSA and NAFLD over time.
RESULTS
Compared to previous SRs published in 2013, 14 new publications were added to our SR, alongside studies conducted prior to 2013. The SR ultimately included 28 studies (18 cross-sectional and 10 cohort trials). In the majority of studies, significant correlations were observed between OSA, OSA-related outcomes, and NAFLD. However, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) alone proved to be an inadequate predictor of NAFLD. Instead, respiratory and metabolic changes were found to alleviate oxidative stress induced by hypoxemia. Six studies involved patients who underwent BMS, with one evaluating patients before and after BMS, revealing associations between increased OSA and NAFLD improvement following BMS. Six months after surgery, 100% of patients in the mild-to-moderate OSA group were free from fatty liver, and an 89% reduction was observed in the severe OSA group.
CONCLUSION
For the first time, BMS has been tested in treating both OSA and NAFLD pre and postoperative with positive results. Further research, ideally with histological and functional data, is needed to confirm these findings. The SR identified 14 distinct liver outcome tests; however, high heterogeneity and incomplete data precluded a meta-analysis. It is imperative to pay greater attention to the influence of OSA-related factors and uniformity in liver outcomes testing concerning NAFLD. To accomplish this, study designs should be enhanced by incorporating more comprehensive pre- and postoperative evaluations, extending follow-up periods, and employing a more consistent methodology for liver diagnosis in patients with obesity.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Obesity; Hypoxia; Chronic Disease; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 37696927
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01378-2 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Aug 2023Integration of healthcare services for preterm neonates at home and hospital by mobile technology is an economical and convenient intervention, which is being... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Integration of healthcare services for preterm neonates at home and hospital by mobile technology is an economical and convenient intervention, which is being increasingly applied worldwide. We aimed to classify the outcomes of mobile applications tailored to parents of premature infants.
METHODS
This systematic review was conducted by searching the six main databases until May 2021. Mobile applications tailored to parents of premature infants and the reported outcomes of this technology were identified and classified. Quality of screened articles checked by MMAT tool.
RESULTS
Overall, 10703 articles were retrieved, and after eliminating the duplicated articles, 9 articles were reviewed ultimately. Identified outcomes were categorized into three groups parental, application, and neonatal outcomes. In the parental outcomes, maternal stress/stress coping, parenting self-efficacy, satisfaction, anxiety, partnership advocacy/improved parent-infant relationship, feeling of being safe, reassurance and confidence, increase awareness, as well as discharge preparedness, were identified. In the application outcomes, application usage, ease of use/user-friendly, and usability of the designed application were placed. Finally, the neonatal outcomes include health and clinical items.
CONCLUSION
Mobile applications can be useful in prematurity for educating pregnant mothers, managing stress and anxiety, supporting families, and preparing for discharge. Moreover, due to the coronavirus condition, providing remote services for parents is an appropriate solution to reduce the in-person visits to neonatal care centers. Development of tailored apps can promote the neonates' health and reduce their parents' stress.
PubMed: 37744544
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v52i8.13402 -
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Disorders in the inflammatory process underlie the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. The utilization of natural products as anti-inflammatory agents is a... (Review)
Review
Disorders in the inflammatory process underlie the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. The utilization of natural products as anti-inflammatory agents is a well-established approach in both traditional medicine and scientific research, with studies consistently demonstrating their efficacy in managing inflammatory conditions. Pequi oil, derived from , is a rich source of bioactive compounds including fatty acids and carotenoids, which exhibit immunomodulatory potential. This systematic review aims to comprehensively summarize the scientific evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory activity of pequi oil. Extensive literature searches were conducted across prominent databases (Scopus, BVS, CINAHL, Cochrane, LILACS, Embase, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PubMed, FSTA, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science). Studies evaluating the immunomodulatory activity of crude pequi oil using in vitro, in vivo models, or clinical trials were included. Out of the 438 articles identified, 10 met the stringent inclusion criteria. These studies collectively elucidate the potential of pequi oil to modulate gene expression, regulate circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, and mitigate oxidative stress, immune cell migration, and cardinal signs of inflammation. Moreover, negligible to no toxicity of pequi oil was observed across the diverse evaluated models. Notably, variations in the chemical profile of the oil were noted, depending on the extraction methodology and geographical origin. This systematic review strongly supports the utility of pequi oil in controlling the inflammatory process. However, further comparative studies involving oils obtained via different methods and sourced from various regions are warranted to reinforce our understanding of its effectiveness and safety.
PubMed: 38275996
DOI: 10.3390/ph17010011 -
Soa--ch'ongsonyon Chongsin Uihak =... Apr 2024This study aims to extract and summarize the literature on the mental health status of patients with monkeypox. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to extract and summarize the literature on the mental health status of patients with monkeypox.
METHODS
This review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using different databases and publishers such as Scopus, Sage, ScienceDirect, PubMed, BMJ, Wiley Online Library, Wolters Kluwer OVID-SP, and Google Scholar. The literature review was based on monkeypox and mental health. The year of publication was 2021-2023, during the monkeypox disease period. Data were extracted from opinions, editorials, empirical studies, and surveys.
RESULTS
Based on the literature related to the mental status of patients with monkeypox, the following themes and subthemes were identified: anxiety and depression, self-harm and suicidal tendencies, neuropsychiatric symptoms, mental health, social stigma, sex workers, vaccination, and stress-related diseases.
CONCLUSION
A review of monkeypox virus infection studies reveals that 25%-50% of patients experience anxiety and depression due to isolation, boredom, and loneliness. Factors such as infected people, a lack of competence among healthcare professionals, and shame over physical symptoms exacerbate mental insults. The implications of society include increased self-harm, suicide, low productivity, fear of stigmatization, and transmission of infection.
PubMed: 38601106
DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230064 -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Dec 2023Anxiety and depression are common in adolescents with epilepsy. Identifying psychosocial risk factors for anxiety and depression is essential for adolescents with... (Review)
Review
Anxiety and depression are common in adolescents with epilepsy. Identifying psychosocial risk factors for anxiety and depression is essential for adolescents with epilepsy to receive appropriate support. This systematic review synthesised findings of studies examining the relationship between psychosocial factors and anxiety and/or depression in adolescents with epilepsy. Outcomes were anxiety, depression, and mixed anxiety & depression. Six electronic databases were searched for studies which: used cross-sectional or prospective designs; quantitatively evaluated the relationship between psychosocial factors and anxiety and/or depression; presented results for adolescents with epilepsy aged 9-18 years; and used validated measures of anxiety and/or depression. Psychosocial factors were categorised as intrapersonal, interpersonal, or parent-specific factors. Sixteen studies (23 articles) were included. All but one were cross-sectional. Regarding intrapersonal factors, alternative mental health difficulties were consistently positively associated with all three outcomes. Negative attitude towards epilepsy, lower seizure self-efficacy, lower self-esteem and stigma were consistently positively associated with depression. Interpersonal factors (i.e., lower family functioning assessed from an adolescent's perspective) and parent-specific factors (i.e., parental stigma, stress, anxiety and psychopathology) were positively associated with at least one outcome. Adolescent epilepsy management should exceed assessment of biological/biomedical factors and incorporate assessment of psychosocial risk factors. Prospective studies examining the interplay between biological/biomedical factors and the psychosocial factors underpinning anxiety and depression in adolescents with epilepsy are needed.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Depression; Prospective Studies; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Epilepsy
PubMed: 38006843
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109522 -
JMIR MHealth and UHealth Apr 2024Telemedicine technology is a rapidly developing field that shows immense potential for improving medical services. In palliative care, informal caregivers assume the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Telemedicine technology is a rapidly developing field that shows immense potential for improving medical services. In palliative care, informal caregivers assume the primary responsibility in patient care and often face challenges such as increased physical and mental stress and declining health. In such cases, telemedicine interventions can provide support and improve their health outcomes. However, research findings regarding the use of telemedicine among informal caregivers are controversial, and the efficacy of telemedicine remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of telemedicine on the burden, anxiety, depression, and quality of life of informal caregivers of patients in palliative care.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, CBM, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials published from inception to March 2023. Two authors independently screened the studies and extracted the relevant information. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Intervention effects were estimated and sensitivity analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4, whereas 95% prediction intervals (PIs) were calculated using R (version 4.3.2) and RStudio.
RESULTS
A total of 9 randomized controlled trials were included in this study. The meta-analysis indicated that telemedicine has reduced the caregiving burden (standardized mean differences [SMD] -0.49, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.27; P<.001; 95% PI -0.86 to -0.13) and anxiety (SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.06; P=.009; 95% PI -0.98 to 0.39) of informal caregivers; however, it did not affect depression (SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.47 to 0.05; P=.11; 95% PI -0.94 to 0.51) or quality of life (SMD 0.35, 95% CI -0.20 to 0.89; P=.21; 95% PI -2.15 to 2.85).
CONCLUSIONS
Although telemedicine can alleviate the caregiving burden and anxiety of informal caregivers, it does not significantly reduce depression or improve their quality of life. Further high-quality, large-sample studies are needed to validate the effects of telemedicine. Furthermore, personalized intervention programs based on theoretical foundations are required to support caregivers.
Topics: Humans; Palliative Care; Caregivers; Quality of Life; Stress, Psychological; Telemedicine; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38602303
DOI: 10.2196/54244 -
Cureus Jan 2024A physician's role is critical in fostering patient health literacy (HL) and influencing various aspects, including patient-physician communication and treatment... (Review)
Review
A physician's role is critical in fostering patient health literacy (HL) and influencing various aspects, including patient-physician communication and treatment effectiveness. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to analyze physicians' perspectives, comprehension, and management of HL. The focus of this review is on physicians' views, opinions, experiences, and strategies related to HL. We conducted comprehensive searches across seven databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Original research articles published between January 1, 2009, and July 31, 2020, were considered for inclusion. This literature review incorporates qualitative studies and mixed-methods studies, with a focus on extracting qualitative data. Among the 22 articles included in our review, we employed the method of inductive thematic analysis for data analysis. A detailed description of the review methodology can be found in a previously published protocol available through PROSPERO (CRD42020212599). The themes that emerged from the thematic analysis include: (a) physicians' perception and management of HL; and (b) barriers. The results of the systematic review reveal that healthcare professionals exhibit varying perceptions of patients' HL levels and ascribe different meanings to it. However, none of them employ a specific measuring tool. While there appears to be no uniform approach to managing patients with low HL, some prioritize certain communication strategies, such as repetition, simplified language, and providing written instructions, among others. Most physicians cited multiple barriers that impede the development of patients' HL, including dysfunctions within the healthcare system, staff shortages, managing a large number of patients, limited time, work-related stress, cultural and socio-economic barriers, medical jargon, and language barriers. Considering the pivotal role of physicians in fostering patient HL, it is crucial to enhance medical education in addressing and managing HL, both within academic curricula and through continuing education seminars. Furthermore, there is a pressing need to improve healthcare professionals' working conditions, ensuring that each physician can allocate the necessary time to each patient based on their individual needs, without being hindered by stress-inducing work environments.
PubMed: 38298293
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51448 -
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Jun 2024The identification of novel, easily measurable disease biomarkers might enhance the diagnosis and management of patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs). We conducted a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
The identification of novel, easily measurable disease biomarkers might enhance the diagnosis and management of patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), a marker of oxidative stress, acidosis, and ischemia, in RD patients and healthy controls.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to January 15, 2024. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and GRADE, respectively.
RESULTS
In 20 studies investigating a total of 1188 RD patients (mean age 45 years, 64% females) and 981 healthy controls (mean age 44 years, 66% females), RD patients had significantly higher IMA concentrations when compared to controls (standard mean difference, SMD = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.18-0.83, p = .003; I = 92.4%, p < .001; low certainty of evidence). In subgroup analysis, the pooled SMD was significantly different in studies investigating ankylosing spondylitis (p < .001), Behçet's disease (p < .001), and rheumatoid arthritis (p = .033), but not familial Mediterranean fever (p = .48). Further associations were observed between the pooled SMD and the broad classification of autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory diseases, the study country, and the method used to measure IMA.
CONCLUSION
Our study suggests that IMA is a promising biomarker of oxidative stress, acidosis, and ischemia, as it can effectively discriminate between patients with different types of RDs and healthy controls. Our results warrant confirmation in longitudinal studies of patients with different types of RDs and different ethnicities (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024509126).
Topics: Humans; Rheumatic Diseases; Biomarkers; Serum Albumin, Human; Oxidative Stress; Female; Ischemia; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38888377
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1324 -
Jornal de Pediatria Apr 2024Empirical evidence underscores an association between parental stress and emotional and behavioral problems in offspring. However, a comprehensive systematic review or... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Empirical evidence underscores an association between parental stress and emotional and behavioral problems in offspring. However, a comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis on this topic is lacking. Thus, this study aims to address the scientific inquiry: Is there a relationship between parental stress and emotional/behavioral problems in children?
SOURCES
This systematic review with a meta-analysis surveyed PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde between August and September 2021. The present search combined terms (school-age children) AND (parental stress OR parenting stress OR family stress) AND (emotional and behavioral problems OR internalizing and externalizing problems). Eligibility criteria encompassed cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies published within the last five years, exploring the association between parental stress (stressful life events and parenthood-related stress disorders) and emotional/behavioral problems in school-age children. PROSPERO ID CRD42022274034.
SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS
Of the 24 studies meeting all inclusion criteria (n = 31,183) for the systematic review, nine were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed an association between parental stress and emotional problems (COR: 0.46 [95 % CI: 0.27 - 0.61], p < 0.001, Heterogeneity = 89 %) as well as behavioral problems (COR: 0.37 [95 % CI: 0.27 - 0.46], p < 0.001, Heterogeneity = 76 %).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that parental stress predicts emotional/behavioral problems in school-age children. Since these problems are related to long-term negative effects in adulthood, these results are crucial for preventing mental health problems in offspring and for screening and managing parental stress.
PubMed: 38636551
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2024.02.003