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Archives of Medical Science : AMS 2023The concept of "intestinal drinking" in this study refers to the continued absorption of alcohol in the gastrointestinal tract until adequate defecation occurs.
INTRODUCTION
The concept of "intestinal drinking" in this study refers to the continued absorption of alcohol in the gastrointestinal tract until adequate defecation occurs.
METHODS
A longitudinal observation of hangover symptoms and alcohol metabolites in healthy humans following binge drinking was conducted.
RESULTS
The hangover symptoms resulting from binge alcohol consumption were relieved by defecation. Following the defecation process, not only the blood ethanol levels, but also the concentrations of blood acetaldehyde, methanol, and iso-propanol, exhibited significant reductions.
CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study provides a different perspective for addressing hangovers and potentially mitigating the risks of alcoholic liver diseases.
PubMed: 38058722
DOI: 10.5114/aoms/174445 -
Redox Report : Communications in Free... Dec 2023Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a polyphenol with a wide range of biological activities. Excessive drinking can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver, which...
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a polyphenol with a wide range of biological activities. Excessive drinking can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver, which usually develop into alcohol liver disease (ALD). At present, there is no specific drug to treat ALD. In this paper, the protection effect of HT on ALD and the underline mechanism were studied. HepG2 cells were exposed to ethanol and C57BL/6J mice were fed with a Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet . triglyceride (TG) level in serum and the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) were reduced significantly by the treatment with HT The acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was increased, the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased, catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were increased, suggesting that HT may reduce its oxidative damage to the body by promoting alcohol metabolism. Furthermore, according to the mRNA levels of tnf-α, il-6 and il-1β, HT inhibited ethanol-induced inflammation significantly. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of HT may be related to suppress the STAT3/iNOS pathway. Our study showed that HT could ameliorate ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and inflammation and provide a new candidate for the prevention and treatment of ALD.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Ethanol; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Fatty Liver; Liver; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Oxidative Stress; Inflammation; Glutathione
PubMed: 36932927
DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2187564 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Jul 2023The dehydrogenation reaction of bioderived ethanol is of particular interest for the synthesis of fuels and value-added chemicals. However, this reaction historically...
The dehydrogenation reaction of bioderived ethanol is of particular interest for the synthesis of fuels and value-added chemicals. However, this reaction historically suffered from high energy consumption (>260 °C or >0.8 V) and low efficiency. Herein, the efficient conversion of alcohol to hydrogen and aldehyde is achieved by integrating the thermal dehydrogenation reaction with electrochemical hydrogen transfer at low temperature (120 °C) and low voltage (0.06 V), utilizing a bifunctional catalyst (Ru/C) with both thermal-catalytic and electrocatalytic activities. Specifically, the coupled electrochemical hydrogen separation procedure can serve as electrochemical hydrogen pumps, which effectively promote the equilibrium of ethanol dehydrogenation toward hydrogen and acetaldehyde production and simultaneously purifies hydrogen at the cathode. By utilizing this strategy, we achieved boosted hydrogen and acetaldehyde yields of 1,020 mmol g h and 1,185 mmol g h, respectively, which are threefold higher than the exclusive ethanol thermal dehydrogenation. This work opens up a prospective route for the high-efficiency production of hydrogen and acetaldehyde via coupled thermal-electrocatalysis.
PubMed: 37364101
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300625120 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) from excessive alcohol intake has a unique gut microbiota profile. The disease progression-free survival in ALD patients has been... (Review)
Review
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) from excessive alcohol intake has a unique gut microbiota profile. The disease progression-free survival in ALD patients has been associated with the degree of gut dysbiosis. The vicious cycles between gut dysbiosis and the disease progression in ALD including: an increase of acetaldehyde production and bile acid secretion, impaired gut barrier, enrichment of circulating microbiota, toxicities of microbiota metabolites, a cascade of pro-inflammatory chemokines or cytokines, and augmentation in the generation of reactive oxygen species. The aforementioned pathophysiology process plays an important role in different disease stages with a spectrum of alcohol hepatitis, ALD cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to illustrate the pathophysiology of gut microbiota and clarify the gut-brain crosstalk in ALD, which may provide the opportunity of identifying target points for future therapeutic intervention in ALD.
PubMed: 37601074
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258062 -
Journal of Cancer 2023Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most recurrent malignant tumor found in the biliary system. It originates from the bile duct epithelial cells characterized by easy... (Review)
Review
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most recurrent malignant tumor found in the biliary system. It originates from the bile duct epithelial cells characterized by easy metastasis, high intermittent rate, and poor prognosis. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), a marker of cancer stem cells, the levels of which are particularly elevated in various of malignant tumors. Additionally, the increased ALDH1 levels are closely related to the degree and prognosis of malignant tumors. This study reviewed the mechanisms underlying the changes in ALDH1 levels in CCA.
PubMed: 37928420
DOI: 10.7150/jca.86967 -
Toxics Dec 2023Toxicological evaluations of flavor chemicals for use in inhalation products that utilize heat for aerosol generation are complicated because of the potential effect...
Toxicological evaluations of flavor chemicals for use in inhalation products that utilize heat for aerosol generation are complicated because of the potential effect heat may have on the flavor chemical. The objective was to develop a thermal degradation technique to screen flavor chemicals as part of a toxicological testing program for their potential use in ENDS formulations. Based upon published data for acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glycidol from ENDS products (common thermal degradants of propylene glycol and glycerin), the pyrolizer temperature was adjusted until a similar ratio of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glycidol was obtained from a 60/40 ratio (/) of glycerin/propylene glycol via GC/MS analysis. For each of 90 flavor chemicals, quantitative measurements of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glycidol, in addition to semiquantitative non-targeted analysis tentatively identifying chemicals from thermal degradation, were obtained. Twenty flavor chemicals transferred at greater than 99% intact, another 26 transferred at greater than 95% intact, and another 15 flavor chemicals transferred at greater than 90% intact. Most flavor chemicals resulted in fewer than 10-12 tentatively identified thermal degradants. The practical approach to the thermal degradation of flavor chemicals provided useful information as part of the toxicological evaluation of flavor chemicals for potential use in ENDS formulations.
PubMed: 38250972
DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010016 -
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry... Dec 2023Despite offering low-carbon and reliable energy, the utilization of nuclear energy is declining globally due to high upfront capital costs and longer returns on...
Despite offering low-carbon and reliable energy, the utilization of nuclear energy is declining globally due to high upfront capital costs and longer returns on investments. Nuclear cogeneration of valuable chemicals from waste biomass-derived feedstocks could have beneficial impacts while harnessing the underutilized resource of ionizing energy. Here, we demonstrate selective methanol or acetaldehyde production from ethylene glycol, a feedstock derived from glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel, using irradiations from a nuclear fission reactor. The influence of radiation quality, dose rate, and the absorbed dose of irradiations on radiochemical yields (-value) has been studied. Under low-dose-rate, γ-only radiolysis during reactor shutdown rate (<0.018 kGy min), acetaldehyde is produced at a maximum -value of 8.28 ± 1.05 μmol J and a mass productivity of 0.73 ± 0.06% from the 20 kGy irradiation of neat ethylene glycol. When exposed to a high-dose-rate (6.5 kGy min), 100 kGy mixed-field of neutron + γ-ray radiations, the radiolytic selectivity is adjusted from acetaldehyde to generate methanol at a -value of 2.91 ± 0.78 μmol J and a mass productivity of 0.93 ± 0.23%. Notably, utilizing 422 theoretical systems could contribute to 4.96% of worldwide acetaldehyde production using a spent fuel pool γ-ray scheme. This research reports -values and production capacities for acetaldehyde for high-dose scenarios and shows the potential selectivity of a nuclear cogeneration process to synthesize chemicals based on their irradiation conditions from the same reagent.
PubMed: 38107750
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03317 -
Disease Models & Mechanisms Aug 2023ALDH1B1 expressed in the intestinal epithelium metabolises acetaldehyde to acetate, protecting against acetaldehyde-induced DNA damage. MSH2 is a key component of the...
ALDH1B1 expressed in the intestinal epithelium metabolises acetaldehyde to acetate, protecting against acetaldehyde-induced DNA damage. MSH2 is a key component of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway involved in Lynch syndrome (LS)-associated colorectal cancers. Here, we show that defective MMR (dMMR) interacts with acetaldehyde, in a gene/environment interaction, enhancing dMMR-driven colonic tumour formation in a LS murine model of Msh2 conditional inactivation (Lgr5-CreER; Msh2flox/-, or Msh2-LS) combined with Aldh1b1 inactivation. Conditional (Aldh1b1flox/flox) or constitutive (Aldh1b1-/-) Aldh1b1 knockout alleles combined with the conditional Msh2flox/- intestinal knockout mouse model of LS (Msh2-LS) received either ethanol, which is metabolised to acetaldehyde, or water. We demonstrated that 41.7% of ethanol-treated Aldh1b1flox/flox Msh2-LS mice and 66.7% of Aldh1b1-/- Msh2-LS mice developed colonic epithelial hyperproliferation and adenoma formation, in 4.5 and 6 months, respectively, significantly greater than 0% in water-treated control mice. Significantly higher numbers of dMMR colonic crypt foci precursors and increased plasma acetaldehyde levels were observed in ethanol-treated Aldh1b1flox/flox Msh2-LS and Aldh1b1-/- Msh2-LS mice compared with those in water-treated controls. Hence, ALDH1B1 loss increases acetaldehyde levels and DNA damage that interacts with dMMR to accelerate colonic, but not small intestinal, tumour formation.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Acetaldehyde; Colonic Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis; DNA Mismatch Repair; Ethanol; MutS Homolog 2 Protein
PubMed: 37395714
DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050240 -
RSC Advances May 2024Acetaldehyde, a prevalent carbonyl compound in fermented foods, poses challenges in various applications due to its reactivity. This study addresses the need for...
Identification of acetaldehyde based on plasmonic patterns of a gold nanostructure conjugated with chromophore and HO: a new platform for the rapid and low-cost analysis of carcinogenic agents by colorimetric affordable test strip (CATS).
Acetaldehyde, a prevalent carbonyl compound in fermented foods, poses challenges in various applications due to its reactivity. This study addresses the need for efficient acetaldehyde detection methods across biotechnological, environmental, pharmaceutical, and food sectors. Herein, we present a novel colorimetric/UV spectrophotometric approach utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), particularly gold nano-flowers (AuNFs), for sensitive acetaldehyde identification. The method exhibits a notable sensitivity, detecting acetaldehyde at concentrations as low as 0.1 μM. The mechanism involves the interaction of acetaldehyde molecules with AuNFs, leading to a significant change in the absorbance spectrum, which serves as the basis for detection. Moreover, its applicability extends to human biofluids, notably urine samples. Integration with a cost-effective one-drop microfluidic colorimetric device (OD-μPCD) enables the development of an affordable test strip (CATS). This semi-analytical device, employing a multichannel OD-μPCD, facilitates real-time analysis of acetaldehyde in human samples. Our findings demonstrate the pioneering utilization of AuNPs for selective and sensitive acetaldehyde detection, promising advancements in environmental and occupational safety standards, and laying a foundation for enhanced detection and monitoring of related volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
PubMed: 38752162
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02814g -
Nature Communications Mar 2024The direct conversion of low alkane such as ethane into high-value-added chemicals has remained a great challenge since the development of natural gas utilization....
The direct conversion of low alkane such as ethane into high-value-added chemicals has remained a great challenge since the development of natural gas utilization. Herein, we achieve an efficient one-step conversion of ethane to C oxygenates on a Rh/AC-SNI catalyst under a mild condition, which delivers a turnover frequency as high as 158.5 h. O isotope-GC-MS shows that the formation of ethanol and acetaldehyde follows two distinct pathways, where oxygen and water directly participate in the formation of ethanol and acetaldehyde, respectively. In situ formed intermediate species of oxygen radicals, hydroxyl radicals, vinyl groups, and ethyl groups are captured by laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometer. Density functional theory calculation shows that the activation barrier of the rate-determining step for acetaldehyde formation is much lower than that of ethanol, leading to the higher selectivity of acetaldehyde in all the products.
PubMed: 38519506
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46884-7