-
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030516.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030516.].
PubMed: 38029160
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1303273 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves contain many bioactive components such as ursolic acid (UA) and amygdalin. We investigated the effects of loquat leaf powder and...
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves contain many bioactive components such as ursolic acid (UA) and amygdalin. We investigated the effects of loquat leaf powder and methanol extract in human neuroglioma H4 cells stably expressing the Swedish-type APP695 (APP-H4 cells) and C57BL/6 J mice. Surprisingly, the extract greatly enhanced cellular amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) 42 productions in APP-H4 cells. Administration of leaf powder increased Aβ42 levels after 3 months and decreased levels after 12 months compared to control mice. Leaf powder had no effect on working memory after 3 months, but improved working memory after 12 months. Administration of UA decreased Aβ42 and P-tau levels and improved working memory after 12 months, similar to the administration of leave powder for 12 months. Amygdalin enhanced cellular Aβ42 production in APP-H4 cells, which was the same as the extract. Three-month administration of amygdalin increased Aβ42 levels slightly but did not significantly increase them, which is similar to the trend observed with the administration of leaf powder for 3 months. UA was likely the main compound contained in loquat leaves responsible for the decrease in intracerebral Aβ42 and P-tau levels. Also, amygdalin might be one of the compounds responsible for the transiently increased intracerebral Aβ42 levels.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Eriobotrya; Amygdalin; Powders; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Plant Leaves; Plant Extracts; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Ursolic Acid
PubMed: 37798424
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44098-3 -
Brazilian Journal of Medical and... 2023Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a major public health issue with limited treatment options. As the active ingredient of the n-butanol extract of Amygdalus mongolica (BUT),...
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a major public health issue with limited treatment options. As the active ingredient of the n-butanol extract of Amygdalus mongolica (BUT), amygdalin inhibits PF. However, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need further verification. Therefore, the purpose of the present studies was to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of BUT on PF by serum metabolomics and the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, untreated PF, prednisone-treated (5 mg/kg), and BUT-treated (1.75, 1.25, 0.75 g/kg) groups, and the respective drugs were administered intragastrically for 21 days. The serum metabolomics profiles were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) and metabolism network analysis. The expression of TGF-β1, Smad-3, Smad-7, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction in the lung tissue. BUT significantly alleviated fibrosis by reducing the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 (from 1.73 to 1.13), Smad-3 (from 2.01 to 1.19), and α-SMA (from 2.14 to 1.19) and increasing that of Smad7 (from 0.17 to 0.62). Twenty-eight potential biomarkers associated with PF were identified. In addition, four key biomarkers were restored to baseline levels following BUT treatment, with the lowest dose showing optimal effect. Furthermore, A. mongolica BUT was found to improve PF by the pentose phosphate pathway and by taurine, hypotaurine, and arachidonic acid metabolism. These findings revealed the mechanism of A. mongolica BUT antifibrotic effects and metabolic activity in PF rats and provided the experimental basis for its clinical application.
Topics: Rats; Male; Animals; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Bleomycin; 1-Butanol; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Biomarkers
PubMed: 37937603
DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2023e13045 -
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024H1N1 is one of the major subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) that causes seasonal influenza, posing a serious threat to human health. A traditional Chinese medicine...
BACKGROUND
H1N1 is one of the major subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) that causes seasonal influenza, posing a serious threat to human health. A traditional Chinese medicine combination called Qingxing granules (QX) is utilized clinically to treat epidemic influenza. However, its chemical components are complex, and the potential pharmacological mechanisms are still unknown.
METHODS
QX's effective components were gathered from the TCMSP database based on two criteria: drug-likeness (DL ≥ 0.18) and oral bioavailability (OB ≥ 30%). SwissADME was used to predict potential targets of effective components, and Cytoscape was used to create a "Herb-Component-Target" network for QX. In addition, targets associated with H1N1 were gathered from the databases GeneCards, OMIM, and GEO. Targets associated with autophagy were retrieved from the KEGG, HAMdb, and HADb databases. Intersection targets for QX, H1N1 influenza, and autophagy were identified using Venn diagrams. Afterward, key targets were screened using Cytoscape's protein-protein interaction networks built using the database STRING. Biological functions and signaling pathways of overlapping targets were observed through GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis. The main chemical components of QX were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by molecular docking. Finally, the mechanism of QX in treating H1N1 was validated through animal experiments.
RESULTS
A total of 786 potential targets and 91 effective components of QX were identified. There were 5420 targets related to H1N1 and 821 autophagy-related targets. The intersection of all targets of QX, H1N1, and autophagy yielded 75 intersecting targets. Ultimately, 10 core targets were selected: BCL2, CASP3, NFKB1, MTOR, JUN, TNF, HSP90AA1, EGFR, HIF1A, and MAPK3. Identification of the main chemical components of QX by HPLC resulted in the separation of seven marker ingredients within 195 min, which are amygdalin, puerarin, baicalin, phillyrin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin. Molecular docking results showed that BCL2, CASP3, NFKB1, and MTOR could bind well with the compounds. In animal studies, QX reduced the degenerative alterations in the lung tissue of H1N1-infected mice by upregulating the expression of p-mTOR/mTOR and p62 and downregulating the expression of LC3, which inhibited autophagy.
CONCLUSIONS
According to this study's network pharmacology analysis and experimental confirmation, QX may be able to treat H1N1 infection by regulating autophagy, lowering the expression of LC3, and increasing the expression of p62 and p-mTOR/mTOR.
PubMed: 38931398
DOI: 10.3390/ph17060731 -
Journal of Inflammation Research 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S415527.].
Erratum: Amygdalin Delays Cartilage Endplate Degeneration and Improves Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Inflammatory Response [Corrigendum].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S415527.].
PubMed: 38707957
DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S475347 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023The limitations of current medications for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) emphasize the urgent need for the development of new drugs. This study aimed to investigate...
The limitations of current medications for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) emphasize the urgent need for the development of new drugs. This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-RA mechanism of amygdalin using tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics technology. First, the anti-RA activity of amygdalin was evaluated in a Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rat model. Then, the roles and importance of proteins in the extracted rat joint tissue were evaluated using TMT-based quantitative proteomics technology. A bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). A proteomics analysis identified 297 DAPs in the amygdalin group compared with the model group, of which 53 upregulated proteins and 51 downregulated proteins showed opposite regulatory trends to the DAPs produced after modeling. According to enrichment analyses of the DAPs, the signaling pathways with a high correlation degree were determined to be the complement and coagulation cascades. Furthermore, western blotting and molecular docking were used to further validate the key node proteins, e.g., complement C1s subcomponent (C1s), component C3 (C3) and kininogen 1 (Kng1). These results suggest that amygdalin may be a promising agent for treating RA by regulating the complement and coagulation cascades.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Amygdalin; Proteomics; Molecular Docking Simulation; Complement System Proteins; Arthritis, Rheumatoid
PubMed: 37894605
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207126 -
Cell Stress & Chaperones Jun 2024Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in antioxidant systems, immune responses, and enzyme activation during stress conditions. Salinity changes can cause...
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in antioxidant systems, immune responses, and enzyme activation during stress conditions. Salinity changes can cause stress and energy expenditure in fish, resulting in mortality, especially in fingerlings. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between salinity and HSPs in stressed fish by assessing the effects of various HSP inducers (HSPis); including Pro-Tex® (800mM), amygdalin (80mM), and a novel synthetic compound derived from pirano piranazole (80µM), on isolated cells from Sterlet Sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) exposed to 13‰ salinity (S13). After liver, kidney, and gill cells were cultured, the HSPi compounds were treated in vitro in the presence and absence of salinity. The expression patterns of HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 were assessed by Western blotting. Biochemical enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH), cortisol levels, and immune parameters (C3, IgM, and LYZ) were measured before and after treatment with HSPis and HSPi + S13. According to these findings, HSPis positively modulate HSP expression, immune responses, and antioxidant levels. Furthermore, they increased in vitro cell survival by maintaining cortisol level and biochemical enzyme activities in A. ruthenus under saline conditions (P ˂ 0.0001). In conclusion, HSPis can increase A. ruthenus resistance to salinity stress. However, the results also indicated that these compounds can reverse the adverse effects of salinity. The effectiveness of this approach depends on further research into the effects of these ecological factors on the health status of the species, especially in vivo and in combination with other stresses.
PubMed: 38909654
DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.06.004 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2024In order to fully utilize the by-products of apricot kernel-debitterizing and address the chemical instability of benzaldehyde in the food industry, benzaldehyde was...
In order to fully utilize the by-products of apricot kernel-debitterizing and address the chemical instability of benzaldehyde in the food industry, benzaldehyde was first prepared by adding the apricot kernel powder to degrade the amygdalin present in the apricot kernel-debitterizing water. Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin was employed to encapsulate the benzaldehyde, and its encapsulation efficacy was evaluated through various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, release kinetics fitting inhibitory effect and the effect on . Finally, the encapsulation was explored via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the optimal preparation conditions for the benzaldehyde were 1.8 h, 53 °C and pH 5.8, and the encapsulation of benzaldehyde with β-cyclodextrin (wall-core ratio of 5:1, mL/g) has been verified by the deceleration in the release rate, the enhanced thermal stability and the prolonged inhibition effect against . The encapsulation proceeded spontaneously without steric hindrance in the simulation, which led to a reduction in the hydrophobic cavity of β-cyclodextrin. In conclusion, the amygdalin in the debitterizing wastewater can be degraded in an eco-friendly way to produce benzaldehyde by adding apricot kernel powder, which contains β-glucosidase; the encapsulation of benzaldehyde is stable, thus enhancing the utilization of amygdalin in the debitterizing wastewater of apricot kernels.
PubMed: 38338572
DOI: 10.3390/foods13030437 -
BioMed Research International 2023[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/4767621.].
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/4767621.].
PubMed: 37502496
DOI: 10.1155/2023/9829041