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Frontiers in Microbiology 2023wilt is the most devastating soil-borne disease affecting in the progress of urban landscape construction in China.
INTRODUCTION
wilt is the most devastating soil-borne disease affecting in the progress of urban landscape construction in China.
METHODS
To assess the variability of the rhizosphere-associated soil microbiome in response to wilt occurrence, we investigated the microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, biomarker species, and co-occurrence network of the rhizosphere-associated soil in wiltaffected using Illumina sequencing.
RESULTS
The alpha diversity indices of the rhizosphere bacteria in wilt-affected plants showed no significant variability compared with those in healthy plants, except for a moderate increase in the Shannon and Invsimpson indices, while the fungal alpha diversity indices were significantly decreased. The abundance of certain dominant or crucial microbial taxa, such as , , , and , displayed significant variations among different soil samples. The bacterial and fungal community structures exhibited distinct variability, as evidenced by the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices. Co-occurrence networks unveiled intricate interactions within the microbial community of wilt-affected , with greater edge numbers and higher network density. The phenomenon was more evident in the fungal community, showing increased positive interaction, which may be associated with the aggravation of wilt with the aid of . The proportions of bacteria involved in membrane transport and second metabolite biosynthesis functions were significantly enriched in the diseased rhizosphere soil samples.
DISCUSSION
These findings suggested that healthy harbored an obviously higher abundance of beneficial microbial consortia, such as while wilt-affected plants may recruit antagonistic members such as in response to infection. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the soil micro-ecological mechanism of wilt occurrence, which may be helpful in the prevention and control of the disease in from the microbiome perspective.
PubMed: 38249458
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1279096 -
Polish Journal of Microbiology Sep 2023Uricase (or Urate oxidase), a key enzyme involved in purine metabolism, is commonly used in treating conditions such as gout, hyperuricemia, and tumor lysis syndrome. In...
Uricase (or Urate oxidase), a key enzyme involved in purine metabolism, is commonly used in treating conditions such as gout, hyperuricemia, and tumor lysis syndrome. In this study, a uricase-producing strain (named CSAJ-16) was isolated from the soil sample of Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan Province, China. This strain was identified as sp. CSAJ-16. Based on the gene sequence alignment, the uricase gene (named ) of sp. CSAJ-16 was amplified and heterologously expressed. The recombinant uricase (ArUOX) was about 32 kDa. The optimal pH and temperature of ArUOX were pH 7 and 20°C, respectively. The ArUOX remained above 50% relative activity after incubation at 37°C for 100 min or at pH 6.0-8.6 for 24 h. Moreover, metal ions such as K, Mg, Ca, Ba and Pb can significantly enhance the activity of ArUOX (> 200%). These enzymatic properties indicate that ArUOX has potential applications in pharmaceutical enzymes and uric acid detection kits.
Topics: Arthrobacter; China; Urate Oxidase; Sequence Alignment; Cloning, Molecular
PubMed: 37725900
DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-027 -
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023At present, the double-enzyme catalyzed method using maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) is the mainstream...
At present, the double-enzyme catalyzed method using maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) is the mainstream technology for industrial trehalose production. However, MTSase and MTHase are prepared mainly using the heterologous expression in the engineered strains so far. In this study, we first proved that the addition of 3 U/g neutral pullulanase PulA could enhance the trehalose conversion rate by 2.46 times in the double-enzyme catalyzed system. Then, a CBM68 domain was used to successfully assist the secretory expression of MTSase and MTHase from S34 in SCK6. At the basis, an engineered strain PSH02 (::/pHT43-C68-ARS/pMC68-ARH), which co-expressed MTSase, MTHase, and PulA, was constructed. After the 24 h fermentation of PSH02, the optimum ratio of the extracellular multi-enzymes was obtained to make the highest trehalose conversion rate of 80% from 100 g/L maltodextrin. The high passage stability and multi-enzyme preservation stability made PSH02 an excellent industrial production strain. Moreover, trehalose production using these extracellular enzymes produced via the one-step fermentation of PSH02 would greatly simplify the procedure for multi-enzyme preparation and be expected to reduce production costs.
PubMed: 37627862
DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080977 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Dec 2023Arthrobacteriophage MrAaronian contains a 54,509 bp DNA genome with 87 predicted protein-coding genes. MrAaronian has siphovirus morphology and was collected from a...
Arthrobacteriophage MrAaronian contains a 54,509 bp DNA genome with 87 predicted protein-coding genes. MrAaronian has siphovirus morphology and was collected from a flowerbed soil sample in Poughkeepsie, NY, and isolated on an B-2979 culture. MrAaronian has > 99% nucleotide identity with cluster AW arthrobacteriophages Michelle, Stayer, Sloopyjoe, and StarLord.
PubMed: 37933970
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00778-23 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jun 2024Janeemi is a bacteriophage that infects B-2880, which was isolated from soil collected in New York City. The genome has a length of 43,877 bp and contains 69 predicted...
Janeemi is a bacteriophage that infects B-2880, which was isolated from soil collected in New York City. The genome has a length of 43,877 bp and contains 69 predicted genes. Based on gene content similarity to phages in the actinobacteriophage database, Janeemi is assigned to phage cluster AZ1.
PubMed: 38860811
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00177-24 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Oct 2023Trace element polluted soils pose risks to human and environmental health. Biochar can decrease trace element bioavailability in soils, but their resulting ability to...
Trace element polluted soils pose risks to human and environmental health. Biochar can decrease trace element bioavailability in soils, but their resulting ability to reduce soil toxicity may vary significantly depending on feedstocks used, pyrolysis conditions, and the target pollutants. Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) polluted sites are common, but only very few types of biochar have been tested for these sites. Hence, we tested fourteen well-characterized biochar materials for their ability to bind Cu and reduce toxicity in a CCA polluted soil in a 56-day experiment. Biochar (1%, wt/wt) increased plant (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.) shoot and root growth by 6-58% and 0-73%, reduced soil toxicity to Arthrobacter globiformis by 7-55%, decreased bioavailable Cu (Pseudomonas fluorescens bioreporter) by 5-65%, and decreased free Cu ion activities by 27-89%. The A. globiformis solid-contact test constituted a sensitive ecotoxicological endpoint and deserves further attention for assessment of soil quality. Oil seed rape straw biochar generally performed better than other tested biochar materials. Biochar performance was positively correlated with its high cation exchange capacity, multiple surface functional groups, and high nitrogen and phosphorus content. Our results pave the way for future selection of feedstocks for creation of modified biochar materials with optimal performance in CCA polluted soil.
Topics: Humans; Copper; Trace Elements; Biological Availability; Soil Pollutants; Charcoal; Soil; Triticum
PubMed: 37478594
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132067 -
Microorganisms Jul 2023A novel virus lytic for has been purified. Its viral particles have a siphoviral morphology with a head 60 nm in diameter and a noncontractile tail 184 nm long. The...
A novel virus lytic for has been purified. Its viral particles have a siphoviral morphology with a head 60 nm in diameter and a noncontractile tail 184 nm long. The dsDNA genome consists of 16,449 bp, has cohesive 3' termini, and encodes 28 putative proteins in a single strain. The peptidoglycan endopeptidase encoded by ORF 16 was found to be the lytic enzyme of this virus. The recombinant, purified enzyme was active up to 55 °C in the pH range 6-9 against all tested isolates of , but, surprisingly, also against the distant Gram-positive micrococci and . Both this virus and its endolysin are further candidates for possible treatment against and probably also other bacteria.
PubMed: 37630448
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081888 -
Microorganisms Dec 2023Intensive human activity in the Arctic region leads to hydrocarbon pollution of reservoirs and soils. Isolation of bacteria capable of growing at low temperatures and...
Intensive human activity in the Arctic region leads to hydrocarbon pollution of reservoirs and soils. Isolation of bacteria capable of growing at low temperatures and degrading oil and petroleum products is of scientific and practical value. The aim of this work was to study the physiology and growth in oil at temperatures below 0 °C of four strains of bacteria of the genera , , , and -previously isolated from diesel-contaminated soils of the Franz Josef Land archipelago-as well as genomic analysis of the sp. AR_OL41 strain. The studied strains grew on hydrocarbons at temperatures from -1.5 °C to 35 °C in the presence of 0-8% NaCl (/). Growth at a negative temperature was accompanied by visual changes in the size of cells as well as a narrowing of the spectrum of utilized -alkanes. The studied strains were psychrotolerant, degraded natural biopolymers (xylan, chitin) and -alkanes of petroleum, and converted phosphates into a soluble form. The ability to degrade -alkanes is rare in members of the genus . To understand how the sp. AR_OL41 strain has adapted to a cold, diesel-contaminated environment, its genome was sequenced and analyzed. The Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform was used for AR_OL41 genome strain sequencing. The genome analysis of the AR_OL41 strain showed the presence of genes encoding enzymes of -alkane oxidation, pyruvate metabolism, desaturation of membrane lipids, and the formation of exopolysaccharides, confirming the adaptation of the strain to hydrocarbon pollution and low habitat temperature. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values for genomes of the AR_OL41 strain with that of the phylogenetically relative DSM 22537 strain were 81.9% and 20.9%, respectively, which allows the AR_OL41 strain to be assigned to a new species of the genus . Phenomenological observations and genomic analysis indicate the possible participation of the studied strains in the self-purification of Arctic soils from hydrocarbons and their potential for biotechnological application in bioremediation of low-temperature environments.
PubMed: 38257905
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010079 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Apr 2024Low-carbon alkaline thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge for the production of high-quality plant-growth-promoting nutrients and biostimulants is a growing concern for...
Double Advantages of Nutrients and Biostimulants Derived from Sewage Sludge by Alkaline Thermal Hydrolysis Process for Agricultural Use: Quality Promotion of Soil and Crop.
Low-carbon alkaline thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge for the production of high-quality plant-growth-promoting nutrients and biostimulants is a growing concern for sludge resource utilization in agriculture. Thus, this study aims to investigate functional characteristics and soil biochemical effects of sewage sludge-derived nutrients and biostimulants (SS-NB). The content of heavy metals in SS-NB decreased by 47.39-100%, and an increase in soil protease, invertase, and soil nutrient utilization rates are observed in SS-NB groups. SS-NB substituted for chemical fertilizer increased the diversity and evenness of microbial community and reduced the abundance of the soil-borne bacterial genus Arthrobacter. The dominant community of SS-NB100 group is mainly enriched in Microvirga, Ensifer, Novosphingobium, Bosea and Ellin6055, which are principally beneficial symbiotic bacteria of plants and participated in C and N cycles. Moreover, SS-NB reduced the accumulation of Ktedonobacteria and Nitrosospira, which are involved in the production of CO and NO, and also enhanced the coordination of soil microorganisms with enzyme activities and nutrient utilization rate. In conclusion, the results suggest that SS-NB exerts a positive effect on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and preventing soil-borne diseases, and can further enhance collaboration with soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient utilization by stimulating soil microorganisms.
Topics: Soil; Sewage; Hydrolysis; Agriculture; Nutrients
PubMed: 38240362
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307793 -
Journal of Environmental Health Science... Dec 2023Potential of B27Pet, B48Pet and to produce biosurfactant using four different carbon sources (naphthalene, hexadecane, diesel and petroleum crude oil) was...
Potential of B27Pet, B48Pet and to produce biosurfactant using four different carbon sources (naphthalene, hexadecane, diesel and petroleum crude oil) was investigated. Removal of petroleum crude oil from aqueous culture and degradation of diesel were also determined using single and mixed culture of strains. The biofilm existence in single and mixed culture of strains was considered using naphthalene, hexadecane and diesel in culture medium. Cell surface hydrophobicity of was higher than other isolates which also showed maximum surface tension reduction and emulsification index. As a whole, remarkable biosurfactant production occurred using petroleum crude oil as a carbon source in medium. was found to be more robust than other tested strains in removal efficiency of crude oil due to its biosurfactant production capability. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between biofilm existence and surface tension using diesel and hexadecane as carbon source. Overall diesel biodegradation efficiency by the mix culture of three applied strains was about 75% within a short period of time (10 days) which was accompanied with high biofilm production.
PubMed: 37869592
DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00868-9