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Frontiers in Public Health 2023This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards thyroid nodules (TN) and thyroid cancer (TC) among patients.
AIM
This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards thyroid nodules (TN) and thyroid cancer (TC) among patients.
SUBJECT AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with TN or TC at the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China between September 2022 and February 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of the participants, and their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards TN and TC.
RESULTS
A total of 510 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the participants, 102 (20.00%) were male, and 197 (38.63%) had the diagnosis of TC. The knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 5.76 ± 3.09 (possible range: 0-12), 31.07 ± 2.73 (possible range: 9-45), and 18.97 ± 2.92 (possible range: 5-25), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age of above 50 years old (OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.12-0.64, = 0.003), junior college or bachelor's degree and above (OR = 4.97, 95%CI: 1.74-14.20, = 0.003), monthly income of 5,000-10,000 CNY (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.09-3.74, = 0.025) and > 10,000 CNY (OR = 5.67, 95%CI: 2.49-12.94, < 0.001) were independently associated with knowledge. The good knowledge (OR = 3.87, 95%CI: 1.89-7.95, < 0.001), high school or technical secondary school (OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.30-0.88, = 0.016), and monthly income of 5,000-10,000 CNY (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.13-3.63, = 0.018) were independently associated with practice.
CONCLUSION
Patients demonstrated poor knowledge, moderate attitude, and proactive practice towards TN and TC.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Thyroid Nodule; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Surveys and Questionnaires; Income
PubMed: 38026301
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1263758 -
BMC Public Health Jun 2023Body shape and fitness (BSF) is critical for overall well-being, while university students in China are subjected to stress, peer pressure, performance anxiety, busy...
BACKGROUND
Body shape and fitness (BSF) is critical for overall well-being, while university students in China are subjected to stress, peer pressure, performance anxiety, busy schedules, and lack of sleep, which can easily lead to poor BSF. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice of BSF and related factors among university students in China.
METHODS
This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on students of 15 universities in China between September 1st and November 30th, 2022. The KAP scores were evaluated using a 38-item questionnaire, including social demography, knowledge, attitude, and practice. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with KAP.
RESULTS
A total of 995 valid questionnaires were collected. There were 431 (43.3%) males and 564 (56.7%) females. Most participants were sophomores (51.2%) and freshmen (36.3%). Most participants had a BMI of 18-24 kg/m (66.1%). The students scored highly on BSF-related knowledge (8.30 ± 1.49), moderately on attitude (37.20 ± 4.46), and low on practice (19.64 ± 4.62). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that attitude score (P = 0.001), sex (P = 0.001), grade (P = 0.011), body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.050), parent's education level (P = 0.005), monthly allowance (P < 0.050), and sleep quality and habits (P = 0.016) were independently associated with practice scores.
CONCLUSIONS
University students in China were found to have good knowledge, moderate attitude, and poor practice toward BSF. Attitude, sex, grade, BMI, parents' education, monthly living expenses, and sleep quality and habits affected their practice. More BSF-related courses or activities are required to motivate students, especially females.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Universities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Somatotypes; Students; China; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37349719
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16122-8 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023The proliferation of anti-vaccination arguments online can threaten immunisation programmes, including those targeting COVID-19. To effectively refute misinformed views...
The proliferation of anti-vaccination arguments online can threaten immunisation programmes, including those targeting COVID-19. To effectively refute misinformed views about vaccination, communicators need to go beyond providing correct information and debunking of misconceptions, and must consider the underlying motivations of people who hold contrarian views. Drawing on a taxonomy of anti-vaccination arguments that identified 11 "attitude roots"-i.e., psychological attributes-that motivate an individual's vaccine-hesitant attitude, we assessed whether these attitude roots were identifiable in argument endorsements and responses to psychological construct measures corresponding to the presumed attitude roots. In two UK samples (total n = 1250), we found that participants exhibited monological belief patterns in their highly correlated endorsements of anti-vaccination arguments drawn from different attitude roots, and that psychological constructs representing the attitude roots significantly predicted argument endorsement strength and vaccine hesitancy. We identified four different latent anti-vaccination profiles amongst our participants' responses. We conclude that endorsement of anti-vaccination arguments meaningfully dovetails with attitude roots clustering around anti-scientific beliefs and partisan ideologies, but that the balance between those attitudes differs considerably between people. Communicators must be aware of those individual differences.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Vaccination; Attitude; Vaccination Hesitancy; Motivation
PubMed: 37460585
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30883-7 -
Health Expectations : An International... Oct 2023Patient-centred care is commonly framed as a means to guard against the problem of medical paternalism, exemplified in historical attitudes of 'doctor knows best'. In...
Patient-centred care is commonly framed as a means to guard against the problem of medical paternalism, exemplified in historical attitudes of 'doctor knows best'. In this sense, patient-centred care (PCC) is often regarded as a moral imperative. Reviews of its adoption in healthcare settings do not find any consistent improvement in health outcomes; however, these results are generally interpreted as pointing to the need for more or 'better' training for staff, rather than raising more fundamental questions. Patient autonomy is generally foregrounded in conceptualizations of PCC, to be actualized through the exercising of choice and control. But examining healthcare interaction in practice shows that when professionals attempt to enact these underpinnings, it often results in the sidelining of medical expertise that patients want or need. The outcome is that patients can feel abandoned to make decisions they feel unqualified to make, or even that care standards may not be met. This helps to explain why PCC has not produced the hoped-for improvement in health outcomes. It also suggests that, rather than focusing on scoring individual consultations, we need to consider how medical expertise can be rehabilitated for a 21st century public, and how patient expertise can be better incorporated into co-design and co-production of services and resources rather than being seen as something to be expressed through a binary notion of control. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This viewpoint draws on research conducted by the author across a range of settings in health and social care, all of which incorporated patient and public involvement when it was conducted.
Topics: Humans; Attitude; Delivery of Health Care; Morals; Patient-Centered Care
PubMed: 37469280
DOI: 10.1111/hex.13815 -
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection... Jun 2023Clinical laboratories provide diagnostic testing services to support the effective delivery of care in today's complex healthcare systems. Processing clinical material... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Clinical laboratories provide diagnostic testing services to support the effective delivery of care in today's complex healthcare systems. Processing clinical material and the use of chemicals or radiation presents potential hazard to laboratory workers, from both biological and chemical sources. Nevertheless, the laboratory should be a safe workplace if the identification of possible hazards, clear guidelines, safety rules and infection prevention and control (IPC) precautions are applied and followed. The main aim of this systematic review was to identify, critically appraise and synthesise the research evidence to gain a clear explanation of the implementation and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of IPC guidelines among hospital laboratory staff.
METHODS
For this systematic review we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL (EBSCO), PubMed, grey literature, reference lists and citations for studies published between database inception and November, 2021. All qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies whose aim was to explore risk perception and KAP of IPC guidelines among laboratory staff in any healthcare setting were included, without language or date restrictions. Evidence was narratively synthesised into group of themes. The quality of the evidence was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institutes Critical Appraisal Tools.
RESULTS
After the full-text screening, a total of 34 articles remained and were included in the final review. Thirty papers were considered to be of high quality and the remaining four were considered to be of low quality. The available evidence shows that there was good knowledge, good attitudes and moderate immunisation status, but there was still poor practice of IPC precautions and an inadequate level of training among laboratory workers.
CONCLUSION
There is a gap among KAP related to the implementation of IPC guidelines, which indicates that laboratory staff may be at high risk of acquiring infections in the workplace. These findings suggest that training (including IPC precautions, safety policies, safety equipment and materials, safety activities, initial biohazard handling, ongoing monitoring and potential exposure) of laboratory staff to increase their knowledge about IPC precautions could improve their use of these precautions.
Topics: Humans; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Facilities; Databases, Factual; Infection Control; Knowledge
PubMed: 37312142
DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01257-5 -
PloS One 2023Most eye problems among children can be detected and treated at an early age to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment. Understanding the knowledge, attitude, and...
BACKGROUND
Most eye problems among children can be detected and treated at an early age to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment. Understanding the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among parents about common children's eye problems is fundamental to encourage parents to seek early eye care services for their children. This study aims to develop a Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in Eye Problem among Children Questionnaire (PEPC-KAPQ) and evaluate its psychometric properties.
METHODS
This study involved developing a questionnaire and was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from July 2021 until June 2022. The questionnaire was developed based on a literature review and expert consultation. The first phase includes a systematic literature review to generate the items for the questionnaire. A group of five panels was then invited to perform content validity for the questionnaire. Face validity was conducted among ten parents to get feedback for the questionnaire. Construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire were measured by which the questionnaire was administered to a total of 134 parents and 64 parents for reliability test.
RESULT
The final PEPC-KAPQ consists of four main sections: demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice with 52 items. The content validity index was 0.85 for all domains of KAP. Modified kappa showed excellent value for most items for all domains. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy showed acceptable scores of 0.84, and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity was significant (x2 = 3172.09, p<0.0001). Kuder-Richardson-2 of the domain knowledge was 0.95. Cronbach's α coefficient of domain attitude and practice were 0.92 and 0.88, respectively and the intraclass correlation of domain attitude and practice were 0.93 and 0.94 respectively. Bland and Altman's plots show that majority of the data fell within the limits of agreement.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this validation and reliability study show that the developed questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric property for measuring the KAP of parents regarding eye problems among children.
Topics: Humans; Child; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Reproducibility of Results; Knowledge; Malaysia; Parents
PubMed: 37682886
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291062 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Since the discovery, antimicrobials have been used to treat variety of infections both in humans and animals caused by microbes. However, with the increasing use,...
INTRODUCTION
Since the discovery, antimicrobials have been used to treat variety of infections both in humans and animals caused by microbes. However, with the increasing use, microbes developed resistance to the antimicrobials and many of the antimicrobials became ineffective against certain microbes. Many factors are reported to contribute to the resistance of microbes to antimicrobials. One contributing factor is the misuse and overuse of antibiotics which mainly occur due to the lack of knowledge, careless attitudes, and incorrect practices about use of antibiotics.
METHODS
This cross-sectional survey study was conducted among the competent persons (CP) in the community pharmacies in Bhutan, with the aim to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
RESULTS
Results from the survey revealed that the competent persons had good level of knowledge about antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance. They also had favourable attitude towards antimicrobial resistance and rational use of antimicrobials. Their knowledge and attitude had led to good practices while dispensing antimicrobials from their pharmacies. However, almost all of them had never had any opportunity to take part in activities related to antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance that were organized by the public sector. Many of them did not even hear or know about the existence of the policies on use of antimicrobials or on curbing antimicrobial resistance in the country.
CONCLUSION
Involvement of the community pharmacies through trainings and participations in policy making processes is seen as a vital mechanism that can eventually help achieve the goals in the national drive towards reducing antimicrobial resistance.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pharmacies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Cross-Sectional Studies; Bhutan; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 37397770
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1113239 -
International Wound Journal Oct 2023The purpose of this review study is to investigate the attitude of nursing students toward the prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs) and related factors. From February 1,... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this review study is to investigate the attitude of nursing students toward the prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs) and related factors. From February 1, 2023, a comprehensive search was conducted in international and Persian electronic databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Iranmedex, and Scientific information database (SID). The keywords obtained from Medical Subject Headings, including "Attitude", "Nursing students", and "Pressure ulcer" were used in this search. The quality assessment of the present studies in this systematic review was based on the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool). A total of 6454 nursing students participated in ten cross-sectional studies. All students were studying at the undergraduate level and 81.20% of them were female. Nursing students were in the first (39.27%), second (28.19%), and third and fourth (32.54%) academic years. Among the participants, 49.86% have completed at least 2 clinical units. The mean scores of attitudes toward PU prevention in nursing students based on attitude toward PU prevention (APuP) and researcher-made questionnaires were 75.01% and 68.82%, respectively. The attitude of nursing students was influenced by various factors, including age, sex, academic year, clinical experience, number of clinical units, experience in caring for PU patients, previous courses on PU in the curriculum, and contribution of training to knowledge. Also, in the present study, the positive relationship between the attitude and knowledge of nursing students was shown as the only significant correlation. In sum, the attitude of the majority of nursing students toward the prevention of PUs was at a satisfactory level. Therefore, it is expected to transfer the necessary knowledge to them with proper planning so that preventive actions can be carried out by following the guidelines.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Ulcer; Students, Nursing; Cross-Sectional Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Pressure Ulcer; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Suppuration; Attitude of Health Personnel
PubMed: 37434034
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14191 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2023Global prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing with an estimate to affect 593 million worldwide by 2035. Current evidence clearly states an association between oral...
BACKGROUND
Global prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing with an estimate to affect 593 million worldwide by 2035. Current evidence clearly states an association between oral diseases and diabetes mellitus with manifestations like periodontitis, peri-implantitis, xerostomia, etc. Despite this obvious link, knowledge, awareness and attitude of general population towards this are not fully understood.
AIMS
To assess public knowledge and awareness on association between diabetes and oral health and assess their attitude towards oral hygiene care and maintenance.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
A three-part structured questionnaire was developed with multiple choice questions and circulated among patients visiting a private dental college. A total of 502 questionnaires were evaluated, and results were statistically analysed.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Student-t test and Chi-square test using SPSS software.
RESULTS
Majority of the participants were male and lived in urban area. 41.8% respondents had diabetes, out of which 86.7% had no awareness of the type. A significant number of non-diabetic individuals had awareness of excessive sugar intake as a cause of diabetes. Greater number of diabetic patients (96.7%) reported dry mouth, whereas only 53.3% had periodontal complications. 90% participants use tooth brush as oral hygiene aid. Only 10.6% participants follow regular dental visits. Majority of subjects (60.6%) listed their friends and family as major source of information.
CONCLUSION
More people are aware of systemic complications of diabetes as compared to oral problems. A better interdisciplinary relationship is required among dentists and physicians to improve knowledge and awareness of general population.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Oral Health; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Diabetes Mellitus; Oral Hygiene; Students
PubMed: 38197337
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_788_22 -
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Dec 2023The growing popularity and use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products among the general public worldwide has been well documented. This study aimed to...
BACKGROUND
The growing popularity and use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products among the general public worldwide has been well documented. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions (KAP) of Pakistani healthcare professionals (HCP) toward CAM and to document their views on integrating CAM education with the curriculum of undergraduate health science programs.
METHOD
A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling was conducted for a duration of ten months among HCPs from Pakistan's twin cities: Islamabad and RawalpindiThe data were collected using a self-administered and validated (Cronbach's alpha: 0.71) questionnaire. This questionnaire consisted of five sections, namely; demographic, attitude, perception, integration and knowledge.
RESULT
The response rate was 91.20% (500/456). The participants included 160 physicians, 155 nurses,and 141 pharmacists. The majority of the respondents were females, 67.50%, and unmarried (60.50%).The majority of HCPs participating in this study agreed that CAM modalities may benefit conventional medicine system. Likewise, most HCPs perceived different CAM therapies aseffective treatment options. More than 50% HCPs suggested CAM elective courses in the curriculum of the health sciences program.Overall, 79.17% of the HCPs have poor knowledge of CAM. Physicians have the highest knowledge score 25.63%, followed by pharmacists 21.99%, and nurses 12.26%. Knowledge status was significantly associated with age, profession, and experience of practice (p = 0.001,0.001 & 0.019).
CONCLUSION
This study revealed that despite the overall positive attitude of HCPs toward CAM, the score of knowledge is low. Therefore, the survey recommends evidence-based guidelines for the rationale use of CAM and updated syllabi of undergraduate health programs which will assist the future HCPs in increasing professionals' knowledge toachieve better health outcomes for the general public.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pakistan; Cities; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Attitude of Health Personnel; Complementary Therapies; Students, Pharmacy
PubMed: 38041085
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04187-2