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BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... May 2024Inspired by the power of transcriptional synthetic receptors and hoping to complement them to expand the toolbox for cell engineering, we establish LIDAR (Ligand-Induced...
Inspired by the power of transcriptional synthetic receptors and hoping to complement them to expand the toolbox for cell engineering, we establish LIDAR (Ligand-Induced Dimerization Activating RNA editing), a modular post-transcriptional synthetic receptor platform that harnesses RNA editing by ADAR. LIDAR is compatible with various receptor architectures in different cellular contexts, and enables the sensing of diverse ligands and the production of functional outputs. Furthermore, LIDAR can sense orthogonal signals in the same cell and produce synthetic spatial patterns, potentially enabling the programming of complex multicellular behaviors. Finally, LIDAR is compatible with compact encoding and can be delivered by synthetic mRNA. Thus, LIDAR expands the family of synthetic receptors, holding the promise to empower basic research and therapeutic applications.
PubMed: 38746461
DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592453 -
Aging and Disease Oct 2023The link between fatty acids and bone metabolism is complex and can be direct and indirect. This link has been reported in different types of bone cells and various... (Review)
Review
The link between fatty acids and bone metabolism is complex and can be direct and indirect. This link has been reported in different types of bone cells and various stages of bone metabolism. G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), also called free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4), is a member of the recently discovered G protein-coupled receptor family that can interact with both long-chain saturated fatty acids (C14-C18) and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (C16-C22). Research shows that GPR120 regulates processes in different types of bone cells, directly or indirectly affecting bone metabolism. Our research reviewed the literature on the effects of GPR120 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes, focusing on the research findings regarding the mechanism by which GPR120 alters specific bone metabolic diseases-osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The data reviewed here provide a basis for clinical and basic research into the role of GPR120 on bone metabolic diseases.
PubMed: 37196107
DOI: 10.14336/AD.2023.0216 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Feb 2024Semicircular canal occlusion(SCO) is a surgical technique widely used for treating vertigo symptoms. It is primarily aimed at treating benign paroxysmal positional... (Review)
Review
Semicircular canal occlusion(SCO) is a surgical technique widely used for treating vertigo symptoms. It is primarily aimed at treating benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV), Ménière's disease(MD), labyrinthine fistula, and superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, among others. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the development, evolution, relevant basic research, and clinical applications of semicircular canal occlusion, especially the application of endoscopic technology in recent years, and explore its practical value in the field of surgical treatment for vertigo.
Topics: Humans; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Meniere Disease; Semicircular Canals; Dizziness
PubMed: 38297865
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.02.008 -
Vaccines Oct 2023Inducing humoral and cytotoxic mucosal immunity at the sites of pathogen entry has the potential to prevent the infection from getting established. This is different... (Review)
Review
Inducing humoral and cytotoxic mucosal immunity at the sites of pathogen entry has the potential to prevent the infection from getting established. This is different from systemic vaccination, which protects against the development of systemic symptoms. The field of mucosal vaccination has seen fewer technological advances compared to nucleic acid and subunit vaccine advances for injectable vaccine platforms. The advent of the next-generation adenoviral vectors has given a boost to mucosal vaccine research. Basic research into the mechanisms regulating innate and adaptive mucosal immunity and the discovery of effective and safe mucosal vaccine adjuvants will continue to improve mucosal vaccine design. The results from clinical trials of inhaled COVID-19 vaccines demonstrate their ability to induce the proliferation of cytotoxic T cells and the production of secreted IgA and IgG antibodies locally, unlike intramuscular vaccinations. However, these mucosal vaccines induce systemic immune responses at par with systemic vaccinations. This review summarizes the function of the respiratory mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and the advantages that the adenoviral vectors provide as inhaled vaccine platforms.
PubMed: 37896988
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101585 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the leading causes of mortality and health burden worldwide [...].
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the leading causes of mortality and health burden worldwide [...].
Topics: Humans; Prebiotics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Probiotics; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Cardiovascular Diseases; Nutrients
PubMed: 37836572
DOI: 10.3390/nu15194284 -
Military Medical Research Nov 2023Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with disordered lipid and iron metabolism. Our previous study has substantiated the pivotal role of Caveolin-1...
BACKGROUND
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with disordered lipid and iron metabolism. Our previous study has substantiated the pivotal role of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in protecting hepatocytes and mediating iron metabolism in the liver. This study aimed to explore the specific mechanisms underlying the regulation of iron metabolism by Cav-1 in NAFLD.
METHODS
Hepatocyte-specific Cav-1 overexpression mice and knockout mice were used in this study. Cav-1-knockdown of RAW264.7 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes were performed to verify the changes in vitro. Moreover, a high-fat diet and palmitic acid plus oleic acid treatment were utilized to construct a NAFLD model in vivo and in vitro, respectively, while a high-iron diet was used to construct an in vivo iron overload model. Besides, iron concentration, the expression of Cav-1 and iron metabolism-related proteins in liver tissue or serum were detected using iron assay kit, Prussian blue staining, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA. The related indicators of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress were evaluated by the corresponding reagent kit and staining.
RESULTS
Significant disorder of lipid and iron metabolism occurred in NAFLD. The expression of Cav-1 was decreased in NAFLD hepatocytes (P < 0.05), accompanied by iron metabolism disorder. Cav-1 enhanced the iron storage capacity of hepatocytes by activating the ferritin light chain/ferritin heavy chain pathway in NAFLD, subsequently alleviating the oxidative stress induced by excess ferrous ions in the liver. Further, CD68CD163 macrophages expressing Cav-1 were found to accelerate iron accumulation in the liver, which was contrary to the effect of Cav-1 in hepatocytes. Positive correlations were also observed between the serum Cav-1 concentration and the serum iron-related protein levels in NAFLD patients and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings confirm that Cav-1 is an essential target protein that regulates iron and lipid metabolic homeostasis. It is a pivotal molecule for predicting and protecting against the development of NAFLD.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Iron; Caveolin 1; Lipids
PubMed: 37941054
DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00487-3 -
Frontiers in Network Physiology 2023
PubMed: 37900301
DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1284256 -
Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports Jul 2024Crotonylation is an importantly conserved post-translational modification, which is completely different from acetylation. In recent years, it has been confirmed that... (Review)
Review
Crotonylation is an importantly conserved post-translational modification, which is completely different from acetylation. In recent years, it has been confirmed that crotonylation occurs on histone and non-histone. Crotonylated Histone primarily affects gene expression through transcriptional regulation, while non-histone Crotonylation mainly regulates protein functions including protein activity, localization, and stability, as well as protein-protein interactions. The change in protein expression and function will affect the physiological process of cells and even cause disease. Reviewing previous studies, this article summarizes the mechanisms of histone and non-histone crotonylation in regulating diseases and cellular physiological processes to explore the possibility of precise regulation of crotonylation sites as potential targets for disease treatment.
PubMed: 38586826
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101694 -
Topics in Antiviral Medicine Jun 2023The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) represented the first fully in-person conference since the severe acute respiratory syndrome...
The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) represented the first fully in-person conference since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began. CROI continues as the premier conference in which delegates can appraise themselves of almost every facet of HIV/AIDS research as well as emerging and re-emerging pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and mpox. The return to an in-person format is particularly important for early-stage investigators, who were faced with challenges of advancing their independent research careers during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The personnel interactions and face-to-face meetings between junior investigators and their peers enable collaboration that is important in the academic development process. A very packed program showcased research advances in basic research, clinical, and epidemiology/public health endeavors around HIV and other pandemic viruses. Session presentation summaries, themed discussion sessions, and scientific workshops condense and assimilate specific areas of research that are particularly useful for delegates who want to see the state of research in areas that may be outside their specific areas of interest. The conference organizers drew on more than 1000 accepted abstracts to assemble a dynamic and engaging program that was appealing to infectious disease researchers worldwide.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Research; Research Personnel; Retroviridae Infections; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
PubMed: 37704198
DOI: No ID Found -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Sep 2023Abnormal resumption of meiosis and decreased oocyte quality are hallmarks of maternal aging. Transcriptional silencing makes translational control an urgent task during...
Abnormal resumption of meiosis and decreased oocyte quality are hallmarks of maternal aging. Transcriptional silencing makes translational control an urgent task during meiosis resumption in maternal aging. However, insights into aging-related translational characteristics and underlying mechanisms are limited. Here, using multi-omics analysis of oocytes, it is found that translatomics during aging is related to changes in the proteome and reveals decreased translational efficiency with aging phenotypes in mouse oocytes. Translational efficiency decrease is associated with the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of transcripts. It is further clarified that m6A reader YTHDF3 is significantly decreased in aged oocytes, inhibiting oocyte meiotic maturation. YTHDF3 intervention perturbs the translatome of oocytes and suppress the translational efficiency of aging-associated maternal factors, such as Hells, to affect the oocyte maturation. Moreover, the translational landscape is profiled in human oocyte aging, and the similar translational changes of epigenetic modifications regulators between human and mice oocyte aging are observed. In particular, due to the translational silence of YTHDF3 in human oocytes, translation activity is not associated with m6A modification, but alternative splicing factor SRSF6. Together, the findings profile the specific translational landscapes during oocyte aging in mice and humans, and uncover non-conservative regulators on translation control in meiosis resumption and maternal aging.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Aged; Multiomics; Oocytes; Meiosis; Adenosine; Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors; Phosphoproteins
PubMed: 37401155
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301538