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Frontiers in Psychiatry 2024Stress and anxiety are emotional states that often accompany patients who have to receive dental treatments, leading them to postpone or avoid treatments with the...
INTRODUCTION
Stress and anxiety are emotional states that often accompany patients who have to receive dental treatments, leading them to postpone or avoid treatments with the consequent deterioration of their oral health and, hence, their general condition. Music therapy has been shown to be an alternative to other treatments that are invasive and not without danger, such as anxiolytics or sedation. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of music therapy on anxiety and stress prior to dental treatments.
METHODS
Studies published in PubMed (through Medline), Web of Science (WOS), Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were consulted up to October 2023. The inclusion criteria were established for intervention studies (randomized controlled trials, RCTs) according to the PICOS (population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study) strategy in subjects with dental stress and anxiety (participants) treated with music therapy (intervention) in comparison with patients without music therapy (control) and evaluating the response to treatment (outcomes).
RESULTS
A total of 154 results were obtained, with 14 studies finally selected. The risk of bias and the methodological quality were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Jadad scale, respectively. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to quantify the results of the pooled studies, while a fixed-effects meta-analysis was used for studies in the pediatric population. The meta-analysis of pooled studies found statistical significance in the subgroups of anxiety and anxiety-stress ( = 0.03 and = 0.05, respectively), with an overall effect in favor of the intervention group ( = 0.005). Meta-analysis of the studies in the pediatric population showed considerable statistical significance for the experimental group ( < 0.00001).
CONCLUSION
Music therapy as a treatment for stress and anxiety, prior to dental treatment, proved to be effective in both children and adults although more well-designed randomized clinical studies are needed to validate its efficacy.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
INPLASY, identifier 202312000.
PubMed: 38463434
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1352817 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2023This study aims to determine the hard and soft tissue shape variation and its changes in Class II division 1 malocclusion before and after orthodontic treatment using...
BACKGROUND
This study aims to determine the hard and soft tissue shape variation and its changes in Class II division 1 malocclusion before and after orthodontic treatment using Geometric Morphometric Analysis.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 141 pre-treatment and near-end treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of Class II division 1 malocclusion patients aged 16-40 years with a skeletal II pattern (ANB > 4). 32 landmarks in Cartesian coordinates were created and identified using MorphoJ software to establish a shape analysis.
RESULTS
The vertical dimensions (hypodivergent to hyperdivergent facial profiles) showed the largest variation in the general shape of hard and soft tissue, followed by the anteroposterior dimensions (mild to severe skeletal II patterns). Variations of lip shape (long to short), lip protuberance (everted to inverted), and nasolabial angle (obtuse to acute) were present. Orthodontic treatment affected the shape of the hard and soft tissue significantly (p < 0.0001). T2 showed significant uprighting of upper incisors (17.5) and lower incisors (3.7), improved NLA (8), an increase in upper lip thickness (1.5 mm), and a reduction in lower lip thickness (0.7 mm) (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Vertical and anteroposterior shape variations were found. Orthodontic treatment had an impact on both hard and soft tissue shapes. Hence, understanding both the hard and soft tissue shape variations and the orthodontic treatment changes is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan to achieve a successful outcome and excellent patient satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Lip; Cephalometry; Vertical Dimension
PubMed: 38012634
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03684-7 -
Journal of Periodontology Nov 2023This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of different non-invasive methods for the assessment of peri-implant mucosal thickness.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of different non-invasive methods for the assessment of peri-implant mucosal thickness.
METHODS
Subjects with two adjacent dental implants in the central maxillary region were included in this study. Three different methods to assess facial mucosal thickness (FMT) were compared: digital file superimposition using Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) and stereolithography (STL) files of the arch of interest (DICOM-STL), DICOM files alone, and non-ionizing ultrasound (US). Inter-rater reliability agreements between different assessment methods were analyzed using inter-class correlation coefficients (ICCs).
RESULTS
A total of 50 subjects with 100 bone-level implants constituted the study population. Assessment of FMT using STL and DICOM files demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability agreement. Mean ICC values of 0.97 and 0.95 were observed in the DICOM-STL and DICOM groups, respectively. Comparison between the DICOM-STL and US revealed good agreement, with an ICC of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74 to 0.88) and a mean difference of -0.13 ± 0.50 mm (-1.13 to 0.86). Comparison between DICOM files alone versus US showed good agreement, with an ICC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.73 to 0.89) and a mean difference of -0.23 ± 0.46 mm (-1.12 to 0.67). Comparison between DICOM-STL and DICOM files revealed excellent agreement, with an ICC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.96) and a mean difference of 0.1 ± 0.29 mm (LOA -0.47 to 0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
Quantification of peri-implant mucosal thickness via analysis of DICOM-STL files, DICOM files, or US assessment are comparably reliable and reproducible methods.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Maxilla; Dental Implants; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 37332251
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0102 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023to assess the tomographic retinal layers' thickness in eyes affected by branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) and to compare it to those of patients affected by...
to assess the tomographic retinal layers' thickness in eyes affected by branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) and to compare it to those of patients affected by primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). retrospective review of 27 patients; 16 with BRAO (16 eyes) and 11 with POAG (20 eyes) were identified among those who received SD-OCT scans, including analysis of macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), neuroretinal rim (NRR), circumpapillary RNFL at 3.5 mm and hemisphere asymmetry (HA). the total IPL and INL thinning difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( = 0.0067 and < 0.0001, respectively). The HA difference for the total macular thinning, mRNFL, GCL, IPL and INL ( < 0.0001) was also statistically significant. The analysis of the average total retinal thinning, total mRNFL and GCL thinning showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. unilateral inner retinal thinning may represent a sign of temporal BRAO, particularly for INL thinning and HA difference over 17µm in total retinal layer thinning. This information is particularly useful in the diagnosis of previous, undiagnosed BRAO and may help prevent further retinal arterial occlusion and possible cerebrovascular incidents.
PubMed: 37998564
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223428 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024Dental erosion and abrasion pose significant clinical challenges, often leading to exposed dentinal tubules and dentine demineralization. The aim of this study was to...
Dental erosion and abrasion pose significant clinical challenges, often leading to exposed dentinal tubules and dentine demineralization. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of quercetin-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposites (Q@HMSNs) on the prevention of dentine erosion and abrasion. Q@HMSNs were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their biocompatibility. A total of 130 dentine specimens (2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm) were prepared and randomly distributed into 5 treatment groups (n = 26): DW (deionized water, negative control), NaF (12.3 mg/mL sodium fluoride, positive control), Q (300 μg/mL quercetin), HMSN (5.0 mg/mL HMSNs), and Q@HMSN (5.0 mg/mL Q@HMSNs). All groups were submitted to erosive (4 cycles/d) and abrasive (2 cycles/d) challenges for 7 days. The specimens in the DW, NaF, and Q groups were immersed in the respective solutions for 2 min, while treatment was performed for 30 s in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups. Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to additional daily erosion/abrasion cycles for another 7 days. The effects of the materials on dentinal tubule occlusion and demineralized organic matrix (DOM) preservation were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The penetration depth of rhodamine B fluorescein into the etched dentine was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The erosive dentine loss (EDL) and release of type I collagen telopeptide (ICTP) were measured. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's test ( = 0.05). Q@HMSNs were successfully synthesized and showed minimal toxicity to human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) and gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Q@HMSNs effectively occluded the dentinal tubules, resulting in a thicker DOM in the Q@HMSN group. The CLSM images showed more superficial penetration in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups than in the quercetin, NaF, and DW groups. The Q@HMSN group exhibited a significantly lower EDL and reduced ICTP levels compared to the other groups ( < 0.05). Q@HMSNs hold promise for inhibiting dentine erosion and abrasion by promoting tubule occlusion and DOM preservation.
PubMed: 38405377
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1343329 -
Cureus Dec 2023To meet the challenges of rehabilitating anterior teeth and achieving natural-looking restorations, it is essential to address issues such as improper shape, size,...
To meet the challenges of rehabilitating anterior teeth and achieving natural-looking restorations, it is essential to address issues such as improper shape, size, irregular gingival contour, and unaesthetic shades. The increasing demand for aesthetically pleasing and metal-free solutions has popularized materials like dental zirconia, offering optimal aesthetics and desirable mechanical properties. Within this context, a case report highlights clinical experiences with layered zirconia fixed dental prostheses designed specifically for anterior teeth. The report focuses on the prosthetic rehabilitation of both endodontically treated and vital abutments, exploring the influence of zirconia composition, design, layering technique, shade selection, occlusion, and the unique clinical challenges associated with each condition. The selection of zirconia composition, framework design, and shade in layered zirconia prostheses is intricately tied to the characteristics of the abutments. This interconnectedness underscores the importance of a thoughtful and customized approach to address the specific requirements of each clinical scenario.
PubMed: 38164308
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49822 -
BMC Oral Health Jul 2023Clinicians agree that obtaining and retaining good treatment results for missing maxillary central incisors owing to trauma is not easy. Management of adult patients...
BACKGROUND
Clinicians agree that obtaining and retaining good treatment results for missing maxillary central incisors owing to trauma is not easy. Management of adult patients with permanent maxillary central incisor loss who visit the clinic with high expectations for aesthetics and function pose a significant diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, esthetic and functional outcomes should be taken into consideration when deciding the proper treatment method. The treatment described in this study aimed to reestablish smile esthetics by proposing an effective multidisciplinary clinical approach that includes orthodontic-prosthetic-periodontal procedures, optimally reduced lip protrusion, center dental midlines, and establishment of stable occlusion.
CASE PRESENTATION
The patient was a 19-year-old adult female with bimaxillary arch protrusion who had been wearing removable dentures for several years since the loss of her maxillary central permanent incisors. A multidisciplinary treatment including the extraction of two mandibular primary premolars was adopted. The treatment plan consisted of orthodontic space closure by shifting the adjacent teeth towards the central incisor spaces combined with appropriate morphologic remodeling and gingival reshaping to obtain good aesthetic and functional results. The duration to complete the orthodontic treatment was 35 months. Clinical and radiographic results after treatment suggested smile harmony with an improvement in the facial profile, good function of the occlusion, and a positive effect on bone remodeling in the area of the missing incisors during orthodontic tooth movement.
CONCLUSIONS
This clinical case illustrated the necessity for using multidisciplinary methods involving orthodontic, prosthodontic, and periodontic procedures to treat an adult female patient with bimaxillary arch protrusion and long-term absence of anterior teeth due to severe trauma.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Female; Young Adult; Incisor; Malocclusion; Tooth Movement Techniques; Gingiva; Treatment Outcome; Maxilla
PubMed: 37422648
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03123-7 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... May 2024To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency...
The Impact of the Restoration of Invisible Orthodontic Titanium Alloy Implant Without Bracket on Individuals Afflicted with Dental Malocclusion and Arch Deficiency Accompanied by Periodontitis and a Local Periodontal Inflammation.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency accompanied by periodontitis and local periodontal Inflammation.
METHOD
A cohort of 120 patients presenting with dental malocclusion and defects compounded by periodontitis, were treated at our institution between January 2021 and January 2022; these patients were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.. These patients were allocated into two groups. The control group (comprising 60 cases) underwent titanium alloy implant restoration, while the research group (also with 60 cases) received titanium alloy implant restoration following invisible orthodontic treatment without brackets. A one-year post-treatment follow-up was conducted, during which various parameters, including pain levels, aesthetic improvement, inflammatory response, dental function, oral hygiene, and the incidence of adverse events, were evaluated and compared before and after treatment between the two groups.
RESULTS
After six months of treatment, the visual analog scale (VAS) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research team observed the changes in gingival crevicular interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleuckin-1 (IL-1), plaque index (PLI), and soft dirt index (DI) were all lower than those in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research group had higher scores for tooth functions such as chewing, swallowing, speech expression, and occlusion than the control group, as well as higher pink and white aesthetics indexes (P < .05). The difference in the incidence rate of adverse outcomes between the research and control group was not distinct (P > .05).
CONCLUSION
In case of dental malocclusion accompanied by periodontal disease, the utilization of titanium implants for rectifying dental arch deformities without the use of orthodontic brackets, devoid of orthodontic brackets, has demonstrated notable efficacy in alleviating patients' periodontal discomfort, their oral hygiene, and dental functionality. This modality is conducive to augmenting dental aesthetics without incurring heightened rates of unfavorable consequences, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.
PubMed: 38702170
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Sep 2023Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is a rare disorder caused by a complete absence of the anterior pituitary gland hormones. The Dental manifestation,...
Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is a rare disorder caused by a complete absence of the anterior pituitary gland hormones. The Dental manifestation, managmnet and two-year-follow-up of a case of a 12-year-old patient with CPHD is reported in this paper. A 12-year-old male patient with medical history of congenital CPHD and vitamin D deficiency presented for dental treatment. The patient looked tired and younger than his chronological age. Intraoral examination revealed good oral hygiene, generalized edematous gingiva, physiological pigmentation and high maxillary labial frenum attachment. The occlusion examination, showed class I molars, 2 mm overjet and 90% overbite. Single anterior tooth #21 crossbite with 1.5 mm diastema. Also, Miller's class I recession in tooth #31 with a probing depth of 1 mm, and grade I mobility. The treatment plan was formulated in phases, and the primary physician consultation was obtained and a clearance for dental treatment with a recommendation to double the hydrocortisone dose before a stressful dental procedure was recommended. Preventive and restorative programs were planned and provided. Then, the lower lingual holding arch was provided after the extraction of mandibular primary canines with composite turbo, and tooth #21 crossbite was corrected using a nance appliance with Z spring. Finally, the patient was recommended to attend follow-up visits every three months. During which the preventive program was reinforced and the restorative treatments were reevaluated. At the 2-year-follow-up satisfactory and stable aesthetic and functional results were obtained. This report highlights the oral manifestations, the value of establishing a preventive program, and restorative, and orthodontic interventions among patients with CPHD.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Hypopituitarism; Overbite; Cuspid; Dental Care
PubMed: 37732453
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.069 -
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain... Oct 2023Dentists bend needles prior to certain injections; however, there are concerns regarding needle fracture, lumen occlusion, and sharps handling. A previous study found...
BACKGROUND
Dentists bend needles prior to certain injections; however, there are concerns regarding needle fracture, lumen occlusion, and sharps handling. A previous study found that a 30-gauge needle fractures after four to nine 90° bends. This fatigue life study evaluated how many 90° bends a 30-gauge dental needle will sustain before fracture when bent using a needle guide.
METHODS
Two operators at Element Materials Technology, an independent testing, inspection, and certification company tested 48 30-gauge needles. After applying the needle guide, the operators bent the needle to a 90° angle and expressed the anesthetic from the tip. The needle was then bent back to a 0° angle, and the functionality was tested again. This process was repeated until the anesthetic failed to pass through the end of the needle due to fracture or obstruction. Each operator tested 24 needles (12 needles from each lot), and the number of sustained bends before the needle fracture was recorded.
RESULTS
The average number of sustained bends before needle failure was 40.33 (95% confidence interval = 37.41-43.26), with a minimum of 20, median of 40, and a maximum of 54. In each trial, the lumen remained patent until the needle fractured. The difference between the operators was statistically significant (P < 0.001). No significant differences in performance between needle lots were observed (P = 0.504).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that using a needle guide increases the number of sustained bends before needle fracture (P < 0.000001) than those reported in previous studies. Future studies should further evaluate the use of needle guides with other needle types across a variety of operators. Furthermore, additional opportunities lie in exploring workplace safety considerations and clinical applications of anesthetic delivery using a bent needle.
PubMed: 37841519
DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2023.23.5.281