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Heliyon Nov 2023Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) caused by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is a serious challenge in many industries, but biofilm greatly decreases the...
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) caused by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is a serious challenge in many industries, but biofilm greatly decreases the toxicity of bactericides to cell inside. d-amino acids are potential enhancers for bactericides due to their excellent performance on biofilm inhibition. However, the mechanism of d-amino acid cooperating with bactericides for MIC inhibition is still unknown. In this study, d-tyrosine(D-Tyr)and disoctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) were selected as the typical d-amino acid and bactericide, respectively, to evaluate their synergetic inhibition on the corrosion caused by . D-Tyr obviously enhanced the role of DDAC in inhibiting corrosion with high corrosion inhibition efficiency at 77.23 %. The attachment of EPS and live cells on the coupon surface decreased in the presence of D-Try, leading to more cells directly exposed to DDAC. Besides, D-Try decreased the amount of live cells on the surface and thus reduced the utilization of Fe by SRB and corrosion current. Moreover, dead cells settling to the coupon surface may form a protective lay to retard the contact between live SRB and Fe, leading to slow cathode reaction and less corrosion. Therefore, D-Tyr can reduce the coverage of biofilm, thereby reducing its protective effect on SRB and achieving better corrosion inhibition effect. This work provides a new strategy for improving bactericides and inhibiting MIC.
PubMed: 38027556
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21755 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Sep 2023The objectives of the study were to screen one or several Chinese herbal extracts with good ammonia emission reduction effects using an in vitro gas production study....
The objectives of the study were to screen one or several Chinese herbal extracts with good ammonia emission reduction effects using an in vitro gas production study. The study consisted of a control (without Chinese herbal extract), and 11 experimental groups with added cinnamon extract (CE), Osmanthus extract (OE), tangerine peel extract (TPE), dandelion extract (DE), Coptis chinensis extract (CCE), honeysuckle extract (HE), Pulsatilla root extract (PRE), yucca extract (YE), licorice extract (LE), Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), or astragalus extract (AE). The results showed that HE, PRE, YE, LE, GBE, and AE significantly reduced ammonia production ( ≤ 0.05). The most significant ammonia inhibition was achieved via AE, resulting in a 26.76% reduction. In all treatments, Chinese herbal extracts had no significant effect on pH, conductivity, or uric acid, urea, and nitrate-nitrogen concentrations ( 0.05). However, AE significantly reduced urease activity and the relative activity of uricase ( ≤ 0.05). AE significantly increased the relative abundance of and decreased the relative abundance of , , and ( ≤ 0.05). Astragalus extract inhibited ammonia emission from laying hens by changing the gut microbial community structure, reducing the relative abundance of ammonia-producing bacteria, and reducing microorganisms' uricase and urease activities.
PubMed: 37760368
DOI: 10.3390/ani13182969 -
Biomedicines Jul 2023This work uses Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) to examine the typical human faecal bacterial diversity in 39 healthy volunteers from the Andalusian region (Spain)....
This work uses Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) to examine the typical human faecal bacterial diversity in 39 healthy volunteers from the Andalusian region (Spain). Stool samples were subjected to high-throughput sequencing of the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene using Illumina MiSeq. The numbers of sequences per sample and their genus-level assignment were carried out using the Phyloseq R package. The alpha diversity indices of the faecal bacterial population were not influenced by the volunteer's sex (male or female), age (19-46 years), and weight (48.6-99.0 kg). To study the relationship between these variables and the faecal bacterial population, the ALDEx2 and coda4microbiome CoDA packages were used. Applying ALDEx2, a trend suggesting a connection between sex and the genera and (slightly more abundant in females) and (more abundant in males) was found. Moreover, age was tentatively associated with , , and _UCG-003, while weight was linked to The exploratory tool of the coda4microbiome package revealed numerous bacterial log-ratios strongly related to sex and, to a lesser extent, age and weight. Moreover, the cross-sectional analysis identified bacterial signature balances able to assign sex to samples regardless of controlling for volunteers' age or weight. , , and were relevant in the numerator, while , , and were prominent in the denominator; the greater presence of these could characterise the female sex. Predictions for age included , , and in the numerator and , , and in the denominator. The predictions depend on the relationship between both groups, but the abundance of the first group and scarcity of the second could be related to older individuals. However, the association of the faecal bacterial population with weight did not yield a satisfactory model, indicating scarce influence. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the CoDA methodology for studying metagenomics data and, specifically, human microbiota.
PubMed: 37626632
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082134 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that a high-fat and high-protein diet (HFHPD) causes constipation. This study focuses on understanding how the use of Zhishi...
BACKGROUND
A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that a high-fat and high-protein diet (HFHPD) causes constipation. This study focuses on understanding how the use of Zhishi Daozhi decoction (ZDD) affects the intricate balance of intestinal microorganisms. The insights gained from this investigation hold the potential to offer practical clinical approaches to mitigate the constipation-related issues associated with HFHPD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Mice were randomly divided into five groups: the normal (MN) group, the natural recovery (MR) group, the low-dose ZDD (MLD) group, the medium-dose ZDD (MMD) group, and the high-dose ZDD (MHD) group. After the constipation model was established by HFHPD combined with loperamide hydrochloride (LOP), different doses of ZDD were used for intervention. Subsequently, the contents of cholecystokinin (CCK) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver were determined. The DNA of intestinal mucosa was extracted, and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the changes in intestinal mucosal microbiota.
RESULTS
After ZDD treatment, CCK content in MR group decreased and CGRP content increased, but the changes were not significant. In addition, the SOD content in MR group was significantly lower than in MLD, MMD, and MHD groups, and the MDA content in MR group was significantly higher than in MN, MLD, and MHD groups. Constipation modeling and the intervention of ZDD changed the structure of the intestinal mucosal microbiota. In the constipation induced by HFHPD, the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as , and increased. After the intervention of ZDD, the relative abundance of these pathogenic bacteria decreased, and the relative abundance of and the abundance of Tropane, piperidine, and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis pathways increased in MHD group.
CONCLUSION
Constipation induced by HFHPD can increase pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal mucosa, while ZDD can effectively relieve constipation, reduce the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, and alleviate oxidative stress injury. In addition, high-dose ZDD can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, which is more conducive to the treatment of constipation.
PubMed: 37789856
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1214577 -
Microorganisms Aug 2023Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are an important group of microorganisms that cause microbial corrosion. In this study, culturable SRB were isolated and identified from...
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are an important group of microorganisms that cause microbial corrosion. In this study, culturable SRB were isolated and identified from the inner rust layer of three kinds of steel and from sediments, and a comparison of amino acid sequences encoding related enzymes in the sulfate reduction pathway between anaerobic and facultative anaerobic SRB strains was carried out. The main results are as follows. (1) Seventy-seven strains were isolated, belonging to five genera and seven species, with the majority being . For the first time, and were separated from the inner rust layer of metal, and sulfate reduction by , , and , etc., was also demonstrated for the first time. (2) Three strains of strictly anaerobic bacteria and four strains of facultative anaerobic bacteria were screened from seven bacterial strains. (3) Most of the anaerobic SRB only contained enzymes for the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway, while those of facultative anaerobic bacteria capable of producing hydrogen sulfide included two possible ways: containing the related enzymes from the dissimilatory pathway only, or containing enzymes from both dissimilatory and assimilation pathways. This study newly discovered that some bacterial genera exhibit sulfate reduction ability and found that there are differences in the distribution of enzymes related to the sulfate reduction pathway between anaerobic and facultative anaerobic SRB type trains, providing a basis for the development and utilization of sulfate-reducing bacterial resources and furthering our understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of SRB.
PubMed: 37630579
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082019 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2024This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin (BXFQY) decoction on hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN). Using an HN mouse model induced by oral...
This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin (BXFQY) decoction on hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN). Using an HN mouse model induced by oral gavage of potassium oxonate and adenine, we found that BXFQY significantly reduced plasma uric acid levels and improved renal function. Further study shows that BXFQY suppressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and decreased the mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory and fibrosis-associated factors in renal tissues of HN mice. Also, BXFQY prevented the damage to intestinal tissues of HN mice, indicative of suppressed colonic inflammation and increased gut barrier integrity. By 16 S rDNA sequencing, BXFQY significantly improved gut microbiota dysbiosis of HN mice. On the one hand, BXFQY down-regulated the abundance of some harmful bacteria, like Desulfovibrionaceae, Enterobacter, Helicobacter, and Desulfovibrio. On the other hand, BXFQY up-regulated the contents of several beneficial microbes, such as Ruminococcaceae, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Streptococcus. Using gas or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/LC-MS) analysis, BXFQY reversed the changes in intestinal bacterial metabolites of HN mice, including indole and BAs. The depletion of intestinal flora from HN or HN plus BXFQY mice confirmed the significance of gut microbiota in BXFQY-initiated treatment of HN. In conclusion, BXFQY can alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis of HN mice by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites. This study provides new insight into the underlying mechanism of BXFQY against HN.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Uric Acid; Adenine; Hyperuricemia; Inflammation; Fibrosis
PubMed: 38147734
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116022 -
MicrobiologyOpen Aug 2023In medical, environmental, and industrial processes, the accumulation of bacteria in biofilms can disrupt many processes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are receiving...
In medical, environmental, and industrial processes, the accumulation of bacteria in biofilms can disrupt many processes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are receiving increasing attention in the development of new substances to avoid or reduce biofilm formation. There is a lack of parallel testing of the effect against biofilms in this area, as well as in the testing of other antibiofilm agents. In this paper, a high-throughput screening was developed for the analysis of the antibiofilm activity of AMPs, differentiated into inhibition and removal of a biofilm. The sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris was used as a model organism. D. vulgaris represents an undesirable bacterium, which is considered one of the major triggers of microbiologically influenced corrosion. The application of a 96-well plate and steel rivets as a growth surface realizes real-life conditions and at the same time establishes a flexible, simple, fast, and cost-effective assay. All peptides tested in this study demonstrated antibiofilm activity, although these peptides should be individually selected depending on the addressed aim. For biofilm inhibition, the peptide DASamP1 is the most suitable, with a sustained effect for up to 21 days. The preferred peptides for biofilm removal are S6L3-33, in regard to bacteria reduction, and Bactenecin, regarding total biomass reduction.
Topics: Antimicrobial Peptides; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Biofilms; Biomass; Corrosion
PubMed: 37642483
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1376 -
MSystems Feb 2024Ruminal microbiota is gradually established after birth, while microbiota maturation could be highly diverse because of varied solid dietary accessibility. However, how...
Ruminal microbiota is gradually established after birth, while microbiota maturation could be highly diverse because of varied solid dietary accessibility. However, how the ruminal microbiota accreted from postnatal hay diets alters rumen epithelial development, and how this affects animal health remains largely unknown. Here, neonatal lambs were introduced to starchy corn-soybean starter or corn-soybean starter + alfalfa hay (AH) to investigate the influences of early life ruminal microbiome on rumen epithelial development using integrated 16s rRNA sequencing-metagenome-transcriptome approaches. The results showed that AH introduction elevated average daily weight gain, rumen weight and volume, rumen epithelial papillae length, and rumen muscle layer thickness. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of fibrolytic bacteria ( R-7 group, UCG-001, and ), acetate producer ( and and propionate producer was increased in the rumen content by AH supplementation ( < 0.05). Moreover, AH introduction decreased the relative abundance of total CAZymes, CBM, and GH and increased the abundance of KO genes related to volatile fatty acid (VFA) generation in the rumen content. AH lambs had a higher relative abundance of , , and ( < 0.05), while a lower relative abundance of , , , , , and ( < 0.05) in the rumen epithelial samples. Furthermore, these alterations in ruminal microbial structure and function resulted in ruminal epithelial cell proliferation and development pathways activation. In summary, AH introduction benefited ruminal fiber degradation and VFA generation bacteria colonization and promoted ruminal epithelial development. These findings provide new insights into ruminal microbial-host interactions in the early life.IMPORTANCEWhile it is established that a fiber-rich diet promotes rumen development in lambs, further research is needed to investigate the precise response of rumen microbiota and epithelium to high-quality alfalfa hay. Here, we observed that the inclusion of alfalfa hay led to a discernible alteration in the developmental trajectory of the rumen. Notably, there was a favorable shift in the rumen's volume, morphology, and the development of rumen papillae. Furthermore, ruminal microbial structure and function resulted in ruminal epithelial cell proliferation and development pathways activation, collectively provide compelling evidence supporting the capacity of alfalfa hay to enhance rumen development and health through ruminal micrbiota-host crosstalks. Our findings elucidate the functional response of the rumen to alfalfa hay introduction, providing new insights into strategies for promoting healthy development of the rumen in young ruminants.
Topics: Sheep; Animals; Medicago sativa; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rumen; Animal Feed; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Sheep, Domestic; Ruminants; Microbiota; Weight Gain
PubMed: 38179946
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01034-23 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world, which begins with liver lipid accumulation and is associated with...
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world, which begins with liver lipid accumulation and is associated with metabolic syndrome. Also, the name chosen to replace NAFLD was metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We performed focused drug screening and found that Cilostazol effectively ameliorated hepatic steatosis and might offer potential for NAFLD treatment. Our aim was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Cilostazol on the glycolipid metabolism and intestinal flora in NAFLD mice and explore the specific mechanism. In this study, 7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce NAFLD, and then treated with intragastric administration for 12 weeks. The results showed that Cilostazol inhibited liver lipid de novo synthesis by regulating the AMPK-ACC1/SCD1 pathway and inhibited liver gluconeogenesis by the AMPK-PGC1α-G6P/PEPCK pathway. Cilostazol improved the intestinal flora diversity and intestinal microbial composition in the NAFLD mice, and specifically regulated Desulfovibrio and Akkermansia. In addition, Cilostazol increased the level of short-chain fatty acids in the NAFLD mice to a level similar to that in the blank Control group. Cilostazol reduces liver lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice by improving glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and intestinal dysfunction, thereby achieving the purpose of treating NAFLD.
Topics: Animals; Cilostazol; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Mice; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Diet, High-Fat; Intestinal Diseases; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38892467
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116280 -
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Feb 2024We recently demonstrated that diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) subjects have higher relative abundance (RA) of hydrogen sulfide (HS)-producing...
BACKGROUND
We recently demonstrated that diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) subjects have higher relative abundance (RA) of hydrogen sulfide (HS)-producing Fusobacterium and Desulfovibrio species, and constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) subjects have higher RA of methanogen Methanobrevibacter smithii.
AIMS
In this study, we investigate the effects of increased methanogens or HS producers on stool phenotypes in rat models.
METHODS
Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 60 days to increase M. smithii levels, then gavaged for 10 days with water (controls) or methanogenesis inhibitors. To increase HS producers, rats were gavaged with F. varium or D. piger. Stool consistency (stool wet weight (SWW)) and gas production were measured. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples.
RESULTS
In HFD diet-fed rats (N = 30), stool M. smithii levels were increased (P < 0.001) after 52 days, correlating with significantly decreased SWW (P < 0.0001) at 59 days (R = - 0.38, P = 0.037). Small bowel M. smithii levels decreased significantly in lovastatin lactone-treated rats (P < 0.0006), and SWW increased (normalized) in lovastatin hydroxyacid-treated rats (P = 0.0246), vs. controls (N = 10/group). SWW increased significantly in D. piger-gavaged rats (N = 16) on day 10 (P < 0.0001), and in F. varium-gavaged rats (N = 16) at all timepoints, vs. controls, with increased stool HS production. 16S sequencing revealed stool microbiota alterations in rats gavaged with HS producers, with higher relative abundance (RA) of other HS producers, particularly Lachnospiraceae and Bilophila in F. varium-gavaged rats, and Sutterella in D. piger-gavaged rats.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that increased M. smithii levels result in a constipation-like phenotype in a rat model that is partly reversible with methanogenesis inhibitors, whereas gavage with HS producers D. piger or F. varium results in increased colonization with other HS producers and diarrhea-like phenotypes. This supports roles for the increased RA of methanogens and HS producers identified in IBS-C and IBS-D subjects, respectively, in contributing to stool phenotypes.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Rats; Animals; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Hydrogen Sulfide; Methane; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Constipation; Diarrhea; Models, Animal; Lovastatin
PubMed: 38060167
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08197-5