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American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy Nov 2023COVID-19 has been associated with olfactory dysfunction in many infected patients. The rise of calcium levels in the nasal secretions plays an essential role in the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 has been associated with olfactory dysfunction in many infected patients. The rise of calcium levels in the nasal secretions plays an essential role in the olfaction process with a desensitization effect on the olfactory receptor neurons and a negative impact on the olfaction transmission. Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) is a chelating agent that can bind free calcium in the nasal secretions, thereby reducing the adverse effects of calcium on olfactory function.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this work is to demonstrate the effect of intranasal EDTA on improving olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19.
METHODS
Fifty patients with a history of COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction that persisted for more than 6 months were enrolled in the current prospective randomized clinical trial. Participants were randomized into 2 equal groups. Twenty-five patients were treated with olfactory training only, while the remaining 25 patients received treatment with olfactory training and a topical nasal spray of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. The olfactory function was assessed before treatment and 3 months later using the Sniffin' Sticks test. Additionally, the determination of calcium level in the nasal secretions was performed using an ion-selective electrode before treatment and 3 months later.
RESULTS
Eighty-eight percent of the patients treated with olfactory training in addition to EDTA exhibited clinical improvement, while 60% showed improvement in patients treated with olfactory training only. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the measured calcium level in the nasal secretions was demonstrated after the use of ethylene diamine tetra compared to patients treated with olfactory training only.
CONCLUSION
Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid may be associated with an improvement of the olfactory function post-COVID-19.
Topics: Humans; Smell; Olfaction Disorders; Acetic Acid; Calcium; Edetic Acid; COVID-19; Ethylenes
PubMed: 37786364
DOI: 10.1177/19458924231184055 -
Journal of Medicine and Life Oct 2023The endometrium produces MUCIN-1 (MUC-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are essential for implantation. MUC-1 is required for adhesion, while COX-2 is necessary for...
The endometrium produces MUCIN-1 (MUC-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are essential for implantation. MUC-1 is required for adhesion, while COX-2 is necessary for decidualization. Variations or polymorphisms in MUC-1 and COX-2 can lead to changes in endometrial receptivity. This study investigated the relationship between MUC-1 and COX-2 polymorphisms and endometrial receptivity in endometriosis patients. Blood DNA samples were collected from 35 patients with endometriosis and 32 healthy patients between days 19 to 24 of their menstrual cycle (secretory phase). MUC-1 polymorphism was determined using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS), and COX-2 gene polymorphism was assessed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The frequency distribution of gene polymorphisms between the two groups was compared using bivariate analysis. There were seven genotypic combinations of MUC-1 and COX-2: AAGC; AAGG; GACC; GAGC; GAGG; GGGC; GGGG. The AAGC genotype combination test was significant, with an OR=6.43 (95% CI:1.09-7.62) and p=0.01. In conclusion, combining MUC-1 and COX-2 (AAGC) genotypes results in endometrial receptivity defects in endometriosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Cyclooxygenase 2; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Mucin-1; Polymorphism, Genetic
PubMed: 38313170
DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0192 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2023This investigation describes the effects of 5% sodium fluoride varnish and 38% silver diamine fluoride on demineralization protection of human enamel lesions of three...
OBJECTIVE
This investigation describes the effects of 5% sodium fluoride varnish and 38% silver diamine fluoride on demineralization protection of human enamel lesions of three different severities after a secondary acid challenge.
STUDY DESIGN
Specimens underwent color and enamel surface microhardness change measurements after demineralization and treatment events. Transverse microradiography was conducted following the secondary demineralization.
RESULTS
After treatments, enamel surface microhardness change showed that 24-hour lesions treated with fluoride varnish had less rehardening than 24-hour lesions treated with silver diamine fluoride (p<0.05), whereas 144-hour lesions from both treatment groups showed a beneficial decrease in surface microhardness change that was markedly better in samples treated with silver diamine fluoride (p<0.05). After the secondary demineralization, 24- and 144-hour lesions treated with silver diamine fluoride showed a sustained beneficial decrease in enamel surface microhardness change when compared to fluoride varnish-treated samples of the corresponding lesion severity (p<0.05). Transverse microradiography showed no difference between fluoride varnish- and silver diamine fluoride-treated samples of any corresponding lesion severity, indicating that remineralization in both fluoride varnish- and silver diamine fluoride-treated samples was proportional to each other after a secondary acid challenge.
CONCLUSIONS
Using silver diamine fluoride may have comparable benefits to fluoride varnish in mineral loss prevention.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides, Topical; Sodium Fluoride; Fluorides; Tooth Demineralization; Dental Caries
PubMed: 37937621
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0244 -
International Immunopharmacology Mar 2024The pathological mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is complex and involves tubular epithelial cell (TEC) death and immune cell activation....
The pathological mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is complex and involves tubular epithelial cell (TEC) death and immune cell activation. However, the interaction between tubular cell death and macrophage-mediated inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we uncovered that TEC ferroptosis was activated in SA-AKI. Increased levels of ferroptotic markers, including ferroptosis-related proteins, lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial damage, were observed in the kidney tissue of cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SA-AKI mouse models, which were subsequently suppressed by Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). In vitro experiments showed that Fer-1 inhibits LPS-induced mitochondrial damage, Fe accumulation, and cytosolic ROS production. Moreover, it was found that TEC ferroptosis induced by promoted macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) and its downstream expression and M1 polarization, which was mediated by the release of spliceosome-associated protein 130 (SAP130), an endogenous ligand of Mincle, from TEC. It was confirmed in vitro that the supernatant from LPS-stimulated TECs promoted Mincle expression and M1 polarization in macrophages. Further experiments revealed that M1 macrophages aggravated TEC ferroptosis, which was offset by neutralizing SAP130 or inhibiting Mincle expression. In addition, neutralizing the circulatory SAP130 blunted kidney ferroptosis and Mincle expression, as well as macrophage infiltration in the kidney of SA-AKI mice. In conclusion, the release of SAP130 from ferroptotic TECs promoted M1 macrophage polarization by triggering Mincle/syk/NF-κB signaling, and M1 macrophages, in turn, aggravated TEC ferroptosis.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Acute Kidney Injury; Cyclohexylamines; Epithelial Cells; Ferroptosis; Lipopolysaccharides; Phenylenediamines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sepsis
PubMed: 38320352
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111564 -
Inorganic Chemistry May 2024The reactions of two highly strained cyclopropenimine ligands and ( = -tetraisopropyl-3-iminocycloprop-1-ene-1,2-diamine, =...
The reactions of two highly strained cyclopropenimine ligands and ( = -tetraisopropyl-3-iminocycloprop-1-ene-1,2-diamine, = -tetracyclohexyl-3-iminocycloprop-1-ene-1,2-diamine) with three thorium precursors Cp*ThCl, Cp*Th(Cl)(CH), and Cp*Th(CH) were studied. At -20 °C, and react with Cp*ThCl to form ( = Cp*ThCl(L1H)) and ( = Cp*ThCl(L2H)), respectively, where the neutral ligand coordinates to the thorium metal center. Coordination of the ligand to the thorium metal center introduces aromaticity at the cyclopropene ring of the ligand. Reaction at room temperature results in the ring opening of the ligand to form ( = Cp*ThCl(()-2,3-bis(diisopropylamino)acrylonitrile) and ( = Cp*ThCl(()-2,3-bis(dicyclohexylamino)acrylonitrile), where the cyclopropenimine converts into a nitrile and coordinates to the thorium metal center. Reaction of and with Cp*Th(Cl)(CH) and/or Cp*Th(CH) at -20 °C results in a rapid methanolysis reaction and forms Cp*Th(L1/L2)(CH/Cl)-type complexes ( = Cp*Th(L1)(CH)), ( = Cp*Th(L2)(CH), ( = Cp*Th(L1)(Cl), and ( = Cp*Th(L2)(Cl). On the other hand, at room temperature, these reactions result in a ring opening of the ligand. Room-temperature reaction of and with Cp*Th(CH) results in ( = Cp*Th(CH)(()-3-imino--tetraisopropylbut-1-ene-1,2-diamine) and ( = Cp*Th(CH)(()-3-imino--tetracyclohexylbut-1-ene-1,2-diamine). Similarly, at room temperature, and react with Cp*Th(Cl)(CH) to form ( = Cp*Th(Cl)(()-3-imino- -tetraisopropylbut-1-ene-1,2-diamine) and ( = Cp*Th(Cl)(()-3-imino--tetracyclohexylbut-1-ene-1,2-diamine). The ring-opening reaction is assisted by the nucleophilic attack of the thorium-coordinated methyl group to the highly strained cyclopropene imine carbon.
PubMed: 38471108
DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04213 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Two new fluorine-containing diamine monomers were designed with the goal of reducing charge transfer complex (CTC) interactions between neighboring chains in polyimides...
Two new fluorine-containing diamine monomers were designed with the goal of reducing charge transfer complex (CTC) interactions between neighboring chains in polyimides (i.e., high transparency/low color) while hopefully maintaining the well-known thermal stability and flexibility generally associated with polyimides. The proposed diamines have been prepared through (1) the functionalization of 1,3-bis[(pentafluorobenzyl)oxy]benzene with 4-aminophenol and (2) the addition of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzotrifluoride to 4,4'-bicyclohexanol followed by reduction of the resulting dinitro compound. The new compounds have been characterized by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction on the new diamine prepared from 4,4'-bicyclohexanol. Not only was the structure of the proposed new diamine confirmed, but another interesting example of hydrogen bonding between an N-H proton and the π-system of an aromatic ring was observed and documented. Initial polymerizations have been carried out via the two-step imidization process.
PubMed: 37836698
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196855 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Dec 2023Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been incorporated into the treatment of dental caries in children, mainly in countries with high caries prevalence. In Europe,...
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been incorporated into the treatment of dental caries in children, mainly in countries with high caries prevalence. In Europe, however, SDF started to gain popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of SDF and to evaluate dentists'/parents' acceptance of SDF use in paediatric patients treated in a German university setting. A retrospective analysis of all patients treated with SDF between 2017 and 2020 was carried out. Only teeth with no reported clinical/radiographic evidence of irreversible pulpal inflammation were included. The outcome measures were success, minor failures (caries progression, reversible pulpitis) and major failures (irreversible pulpitis, abscess). The treatment acceptance by dentists and the parents of SDF-treated children was cross-sectionally evaluated using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed. A total of 93 patients (mean age 5.3 ± 2.9 years) with 455 treated teeth (418 primary/91.9%; 37 permanent/8.1%) were included and followed up for up to 24 months (19.9 ± 10.5 months). SDF was used for dental caries (98.2%) and hypersensitivity relief on MIH teeth (1.8%). Most teeth did not show any failure (total success 84.2%). A total of 5 teeth (1.1%) showed minor failures, and 67 teeth (14.7%) showed major failures ( = 0.001). Success/failure rates were not affected by patient compliance, gender, dentition, or operator ( > 0.05). In total, 30 questionnaires were collected from parents (mean age 36.8 ± 6.4 years). SDF was applied on anterior ( = 2/6.7%), posterior ( = 15/50%) and anterior/posterior teeth ( = 13/43.3%). At the 1-week follow-up, 80% of parents noticed black teeth discoloration. Treatment satisfaction was higher for posterior (95.2%) than for anterior teeth (36.4%; < 0.001). In the 27 responses from clinicians, SDF was generally considered a viable option in paediatric dentistry ( = 23; 85%). : SDF was found to be effective and well-accepted by parents and dentists for caries inactivation in a paediatric dentistry German university setting.
Topics: Humans; Child; Child, Preschool; Adult; Cariostatic Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pediatric Dentistry; Pulpitis; Dental Caries; Pandemics; Retrospective Studies; Abscess; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Fluorides, Topical; Silver Compounds
PubMed: 38276050
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010016 -
Microorganisms Feb 2024Gut dysbiosis and subclinical intestinal damage are common in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to examine the association of intestinal damage biomarkers (diamine...
Gut dysbiosis and subclinical intestinal damage are common in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to examine the association of intestinal damage biomarkers (diamine oxidase [DAO], claudin 3, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein [I-FABP; FABP2]) with the state of the gut microbiota in cirrhosis. The blood levels of DAO were inversely correlated with blood levels of claudin 3, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), presepsin, TNF-α, and the severity of cirrhosis according to Child-Pugh scores. The blood level of I-FABP was directly correlated with the blood level of claudin 3 but not with that of DAO. Patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) had lower DAO levels than patients without SIBO. There was no significant difference in claudin 3 levels and I-FABP detection rates between patients with and without SIBO. The DAO level was directly correlated with the abundance of Akkermansiaceae, Akkermansia, Allisonella, Clostridiaceae, Dialister, Lactobacillus, Muribaculaceae, Negativibacillus, Ruminococcus, Thiomicrospiraceae, Verrucomicrobiae, and Verrucomicrobiota; and it was inversely correlated with the abundance of Anaerostipes, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Vibrio. The I-FABP level was directly correlated with Anaerostipes, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidota, Bilophila, Megamonas, and Selenomonadaceae; and it was inversely correlated with the abundance of Brucella, Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudomonas, and Vibrionaceae. The claudin 3 level was directly correlated with Anaerostipes abundance and was inversely correlated with the abundance of Brucella, Coriobacteriia, Eggerthellaceae, and Lactobacillus.
PubMed: 38543514
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12030463 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jan 2024: Histamine intolerance manifests when there is an imbalance between the production of histamine and the body's capacity to metabolise it. Within the gastrointestinal...
Exploring the Relationship between Diamine Oxidase and Psychotropic Medications in Fibromyalgia Treatment, Finding No Reduction in Diamine Oxidase Levels and Activity except with Citalopram.
: Histamine intolerance manifests when there is an imbalance between the production of histamine and the body's capacity to metabolise it. Within the gastrointestinal tract, diamine oxidase (DAO) plays a pivotal role in breaking down ingested histamine. Insufficient levels of DAO have been linked to various diseases affecting the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, muscular, and digestive systems; some of these symptoms are evidenced in fibromyalgia syndrome. This underscores the crucial role of DAO in maintaining the histamine balance and highlights its association with diverse physiological systems and health conditions. The management of fibromyalgia commonly involves the use of psychotropic medications; however, their potential interactions with DAO remain not fully elucidated. : This study delved into the influence of various psychotropic medications on DAO activity through experiments. Additionally, we explored their impact on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2, examining alterations in DAO expression at both the mRNA and protein levels along with DAO activity. : Notably, the examined drugs-sertraline, pregabalin, paroxetine, alprazolam, and lorazepam-did not exhibit inhibitory effects on DAO activity or lead to reductions in DAO levels. In contrast, citalopram demonstrated a decrease in DAO activity in assays without influencing DAO levels and activity in human enterocytes. : These findings imply that a collaborative approach involving psychotropic medications and DAO enzyme supplementation for individuals with fibromyalgia and a DAO deficiency could offer potential benefits for healthcare professionals in their routine clinical practice.
PubMed: 38337486
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030792 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... May 2024We disclose the development of a Cu-catalyzed C-O coupling method utilizing a new N,N-diarylbenzene-1,2-diamine ligand, L8. Under optimized reaction conditions,...
We disclose the development of a Cu-catalyzed C-O coupling method utilizing a new N,N-diarylbenzene-1,2-diamine ligand, L8. Under optimized reaction conditions, structurally diverse aryl and heteroaryl bromides underwent efficient coupling with a variety of alcohols at room temperature using an L8-based catalyst. Notably, the L8-derived catalyst exhibited enhanced activity when compared to the L4-based system previously disclosed for C-N coupling, namely the ability to functionalize aryl bromides containing acidic functional groups. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that C-O coupling utilizing L8 ⋅ Cu involves rate-limiting alkoxide transmetallation, resulting in a mechanism of C-O bond formation that is distinct from previously described Pd-, Cu-, or Ni-based systems. This lower energy pathway leads to rapid C-O bond formation; a 7-fold increase relative to what is seen with other ligands. The results presented in this report overcome limitations in previously described C-O coupling methods and introduce a new ligand that we anticipate may be useful in other Cu-catalyzed C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions.
PubMed: 38359082
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400333