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Current Drug Delivery 2024The domperidone maleate, a lipophilic agent classified as a Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II substance with weak water solubility. Self- Emulsifying Drug...
BACKGROUND
The domperidone maleate, a lipophilic agent classified as a Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II substance with weak water solubility. Self- Emulsifying Drug Delivery System is a novel approach to improve water solubility and, ultimately bioavailability of drugs.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to develop and characterize new domperidone-loaded self-emulsifying drug delivery systems as an alternative formulation and to evaluate the permeability of domperidone-loaded self-emulsifying drug delivery systems by using Caco-2 cells and single-pass intestinal perfusion method.
METHODS
Three self-emulsifying drug delivery systems were prepared and characterized in terms of pH, viscosity, droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, conductivity, . Each formulation underwent 10, 100, 200, and 500 times dilution in intestinal buffer pH 6.8 and stomach buffer pH 1.2, respectively. Female Sprague Dawley rats were employed for single-pass intestinal perfusion investigations.
RESULTS
Results of the study revealed that the ideal self-emulsifying drug delivery systems formulation showed narrow droplet size, ideal zeta potential, and no conductivity. Additionally, as compared to the control groups, the optimum formulation had better apparent permeability (12.74 ± 0.02×10-4) from Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability experiments. The study also revealed greater Peff values (2.122 ± 0.892×10-4 cm/s) for the optimal formulation from intestinal perfusion analyses in comparison to control groups (Domperidone; 0.802 ± 0.418×10-4 cm/s).
CONCLUSION
To conclude, prepared formulations can be a promising way of oral administration of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II drugs.
Topics: Caco-2 Cells; Animals; Humans; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Domperidone; Biological Availability; Permeability; Female; Rats; Administration, Oral; Intestinal Absorption; Emulsions; Drug Delivery Systems; Solubility; Particle Size; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestinal Barrier Function
PubMed: 36786136
DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230214091509 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2024We present an exceptional case of a 53-year-old female, initially misdiagnosed with fulminant myocarditis, but later correctly diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. The...
We present an exceptional case of a 53-year-old female, initially misdiagnosed with fulminant myocarditis, but later correctly diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. The presentation of the patient included a spectrum of symptoms such as headache, chest discomfort, palpitations, and dyspnea, following the intake of Domperidone. Two weeks prior to admission, the patient had experienced episodes of diarrhea and a low-grade fever. Unresolved symptoms and an unmanageable surge in blood pressure despite comprehensive fulminant myocarditis treatment prompted further investigation. The discovery of an adrenal mass via a CT scan and subsequent biochemical tests led to the confirmation of pheochromocytoma. Implementation of alpha-blockade therapy and a successful laparoscopic adrenalectomy resulted in significant clinical improvement. This case underscores the diagnostic intricacies of pheochromocytoma and highlights the need for vigilance when faced with severe, unresponsive cardiovascular symptoms.
PubMed: 38601042
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1326608 -
Journal of Personalized Medicine Feb 2024Female sex hormones have been hypothesized to influence the higher prevalence of gastroparesis in females. This study investigated the effects of hormone replacement...
Female sex hormones have been hypothesized to influence the higher prevalence of gastroparesis in females. This study investigated the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on gastroparesis and its related symptoms, medication use, and diagnostic testing in post-menopausal women. Utilizing the TriNetX platform, we conducted a population-based cohort study involving post-menopausal women aged 50 or older, with and without HRT. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to adjust for age, race, ethnicity, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1c. The exclusion criteria included functional dyspepsia, cyclic vomiting syndrome, and surgical procedures. After applying the exclusion criteria, we identified 78,192 post-menopausal women prescribed HRT and 1,604,822 not prescribed HRT. Post-propensity matching, each cohort comprised 67,874 patients. A total of 210 of the post-menopausal women prescribed HRT developed an ICD encounter diagnosis of gastroparesis at least 30 days after being prescribed HRT compared to post-menopausal women not prescribed HRT (OR = 1.23, 95% CI [1.01-1.51] -value = 0.0395). These associations persisted in sensitivity analysis over 5 years (OR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.13-2.41] -value = 0.0086). HRT was associated with increased GI symptoms, including early satiety (OR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.03-1.45] -value = 0.0187), domperidone use (OR = 2.40, 95% CI [1.14-5.02] -value = 0.0163), and undergoing gastric emptying studies (OR = 1.67, 95% CI [1.39-2.01] -value < 0.0001). HRT is linked to an increased risk of developing an ICD encounter diagnosis of gastroparesis.
PubMed: 38541017
DOI: 10.3390/jpm14030275 -
Toxics Jul 2023There has been a significant increase in sodium azide intoxications since the 1980s. Intoxications caused by sodium azide are becoming increasingly prevalent in the...
There has been a significant increase in sodium azide intoxications since the 1980s. Intoxications caused by sodium azide are becoming increasingly prevalent in the Netherlands as a result of its promotion for the purpose of self-euthanasia. The mechanism of toxicity is not completely understood but is dose-dependent. The presented case describes a suicide by sodium azide of a young woman (26 years old) with a history of depression and suicide attempts. The decedent was found in the presence of prescription medicine, including temazepam, domperidone in combination with omeprazole, and the chemical preservative sodium azide. Quantitative toxicology screening of whole blood revealed the presence of 70 µg/L temazepam (toxic range > 1000 µg/L) and 28 mg/L sodium azide (fatal range: 2.6-262 mg/L). Whole blood qualitative analysis revealed the presence of temazepam, temazepam-glucuronide, olanzapine, n-desmethylolanzapine, and acetaminophen. In circles promoting sodium azide, it is recommended to use sodium azide in combination with medications targeting sodium azide's negative effects, such as analgesics, antiemetics, and anti-anxiety drugs. The medicines recovered at the body's location, as well as the results of the toxicology screens, were consistent with the recommendations of self-euthanasia using sodium azide.
PubMed: 37505573
DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070608 -
Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde Apr 2024This case report describes the long-term success of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device in a dog for treatment of a ureteral obstruction. The suspected xanthine...
This case report describes the long-term success of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device in a dog for treatment of a ureteral obstruction. The suspected xanthine urolithiasis was secondary to treatment with allopurinol for leishmaniasis. The dog presented initially with lethargy, anuria and abdominal pain. Mild azotemia was found on biochemical analysis and abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ureteral obstruction. A subcutaneous ureteral bypass was subsequently placed using a standard surgical technique. The dog recovered uneventfully and the azotemia resolved within days. Follow-up examinations were performed every trimester for over three years and no complications like obstruction of the bypass tubes, urinary tract infection or azotemia were recognized during this follow-up period. Allopurinol was replaced with domperidone as long-term treatment against Leishmaniasis which resulted in a mild increase of the leishmania serum antibody titer. The subcutaneous ureteral bypass placement was successful and safe in this dog and is a valuable alternative in cases of ureteral obstruction also in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Cats; Ureteral Obstruction; Allopurinol; Azotemia; Urolithiasis; Leishmaniasis; Xanthines; Stents; Cat Diseases; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 38572822
DOI: 10.17236/sat00422 -
BioMed Research International 2024[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/3670946.].
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/3670946.].
PubMed: 38230079
DOI: 10.1155/2024/9789506