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Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jul 2023Photobiomodulation is a process by which the absorption of red light energy produces a series of physiological effects at the cellular level such as the enhancement of...
BACKGROUND
Photobiomodulation is a process by which the absorption of red light energy produces a series of physiological effects at the cellular level such as the enhancement of mitochondrial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) production, cell signaling and growth factor synthesis, and the reduction of oxidative stress. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) photobiomodulation is an increasingly popular therapy for treating skin problems, especially for reversing the signs of skin aging.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a photobiomodulation treatment using red LEDs on the facial skin at a rate of two sessions per week for 3 months. The LED mask used is the Skin Light Dior x Lucibel mask diffusing a cold red light with a wavelength of 630 ± 10 nm and a power of 15.6 J/cm for a duration of 12 min.
METHOD
In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the mask in reversing the signs of skin aging, a clinical study was conducted on 20 healthy Caucasian women: the antiwrinkle effect by measuring the depth of the crow's feet wrinkle, the relaxation of the oval of the face by clinical scoring, the firmness and elasticity of the skin by cutometric measurement, the density of the dermis by ultrasound analysis, the smoothness of the skin by measuring the roughness at the cheek, the homogeneity of the complexion by chromametric measurement, the diameter of the pores by macrophotographs and finally the sebo-regulating effect by measurement of the rate of sebum and quantification of the number of pores containing porphyrin in the subjects presenting a mixed to oily skin. The satisfaction of the volunteers was also evaluated at the end of the study via a self-questionnaire.
RESULTS
The efficacy results measured after 1, 2, and 3 months of use are progressive and confirm the interest of LED photobiomodulation to reverse the visible signs of skin aging. All the volunteers observed an overall improvement in skin quality.
CONCLUSION
All the results observed confirm the interest of using photobiomodulation to reverse the visible signs of aging. These results last for up to 1 month after stopping the use of the mask, which is a sign of lasting structural and functional rejuvenation of the skin.
Topics: Humans; Female; Skin Aging; Light; Skin; Aging; Face; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 37522497
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13391 -
Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Jun 2023The picosecond laser is one of the latest laser systems in dermatology and was originally developed to optimize tattoo removal. Advances in this technology has expanded... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The picosecond laser is one of the latest laser systems in dermatology and was originally developed to optimize tattoo removal. Advances in this technology has expanded the use of the picosecond laser to numerous other indications.
OBJECTIVES
This article provides an overview of the technical background as well as the indications of the picosecond laser in dermatological laser medicine and elucidates the possibilities and limits of this laser system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The article is based on a review of the current literature as well as experience from clinical practice in a university laser department.
RESULTS
The picosecond laser enables a particularly gentle and effective treatment due to ultra-short pulses and the principle of laser-induced optical breakdown. Compared to Q‑switched lasers, the picosecond laser has fewer side effects and is associated with lower pain intensity and shorter downtime. In addition to the removal of tattoos and pigmentary disorders, it is also used in the treatment of scars and rejuvenation.
CONCLUSIONS
The picosecond laser has a wide range of indications in dermatological laser medicine. The current data indicate that the laser is an effective method with few side effects. Further prospective studies have to be conducted to assess the efficacy, tolerability and patient satisfaction in an evidence-based manner.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Dermatology; Lasers; Tattooing; Laser Therapy; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
PubMed: 37099130
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05144-3 -
International Journal of Hyperthermia :... Dec 2023To analyze the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) in T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency, microwave and laser ablation for the treatment of T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma on a large scale: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
To analyze the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) in T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients by evaluating data on several outcomes on a large scale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature searches were conducted in PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for studies of thermal ablation (TA) for treating T1N0M0 PTC. Data on the volume reduction rate (VRR) at the 12-month follow-up and final follow-up, complete disappearance rate, local recurrence rate, lymph node metastasis rate, and complication rate of RFA, MWA and LA were evaluated separately. RFA effects were compared between T1aN0M0 and T1bN0M0 patients.
RESULTS
A total of 36 eligible studies were included. RFA presented superior efficacy than MWA in 12-month VRR. At the final follow-up, the difference was slight in subgroups, showing a significant reduction. The complete disappearance rate of LA (93.00%) was higher than that of RFA (81.00%) and MWA (71.00%). Additionally, the local recurrence rate pooled proportions of MWA and RFA were both 2.00%, lower than that of the LA group (3.00%). There was no event of distant metastasis. The lymph node metastasis rates were similar, as RFA (1.00%) had the lowest. For minor complication rates, the pooled proportions of RFA (3.00%) were smaller than those of LA (6.00%) and MWA (13.00%). T1aN0M0 lesions presented with better outcomes than T1bN0M0 lesions.
CONCLUSION
RFA, MWA and LA were reliable in curing PTC, and RFA presented advantages in most outcomes. T1aN0M0 patients may experience fewer side effects than T1bN0M0 patients.
Topics: Humans; Microwaves; Lymphatic Metastasis; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Laser Therapy; Thyroid Neoplasms; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 37604507
DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2244713 -
Ophthalmology Aug 2023This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) prophylaxis for patients with primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) after 14 years and to... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Fourteen-Year Outcome of Angle-Closure Prevention with Laser Iridotomy in the Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Study: Extended Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) prophylaxis for patients with primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) after 14 years and to identify risk factors for the conversion from PACS to primary angle closure (PAC).
DESIGN
Extended follow-up of the Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Study.
PARTICIPANTS
Eight hundred eighty-nine Chinese patients 50 to 70 years of age with bilateral PACS.
METHODS
Each patient received LPI in 1 randomly selected eye, with the fellow untreated eye serving as a control. Because the risk of glaucoma was low and acute angle closure (AAC) occurred only rarely, the follow-up was extended to 14 years despite substantial benefits of LPI reported after the 6-year visit.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Incidence of PAC, a composite end point including peripheral anterior synechiae, intraocular pressure (IOP) of > 24 mmHg, or AAC.
RESULTS
During the 14 years, 390 LPI-treated eyes and 388 control eyes were lost to follow-up. A total of 33 LPI-treated eyes and 105 control eyes reached primary end points (P < 0.01). Within them, 1 LPI-treated eye and 5 control eyes progressed to AAC. Primary angle-closure glaucoma was found in 2 LPI-treated eyes and 4 control eyes. The hazard ratio for progression to PAC was 0.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.46) in LPI-treated eyes compared with control eyes. At the 14-year visit, LPI-treated eyes showed more severe nuclear cataract, higher IOP, and larger angle width and limbal anterior chamber depth (LACD) than control eyes. Higher IOP, shallower LACD, and greater central anterior chamber depth (CACD) were associated with an increased risk of end points developing in control eyes. In the treated group, eyes with higher IOP, shallower LACD, or less IOP elevation after the darkroom prone provocative test (DRPPT) were more likely to demonstrate PAC after LPI.
CONCLUIONS
Despite a two-third decrease in PAC occurrence after LPI, the cumulative risk of progression was relatively low in the community-based PACS population over 14 years. Apart from IOP, IOP elevation after DRPPT, CACD, and LACD, more risk factors are needed to achieve precise prediction of PAC occurrence and to guide clinical practice.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S)
The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
Topics: Humans; Iris; Iridectomy; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Treatment Outcome; Intraocular Pressure; Acute Disease; Glaucoma; Laser Therapy; Eye Abnormalities; Lasers; Gonioscopy
PubMed: 37030454
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.03.024 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Cataract; Eye; Iatrogenic Disease; Retinopathy of Prematurity; Gestational Age; Retrospective Studies; Laser Coagulation
PubMed: 37869997
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2744_23 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery. Venous and... Jan 2024Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs infrequently after endovenous laser ablation (EVLA). The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of VTE after EVLA with and...
OBJECTIVE
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs infrequently after endovenous laser ablation (EVLA). The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of VTE after EVLA with and without pharmacologic prophylaxis.
METHODS
From October 2019 to March 2020, a series of consecutive patients from the prospectively maintained VEINOVA (vein occlusion with various techniques) registry was retrospectively analyzed. All the patients underwent EVLA with and without postoperative thromboprophylaxis. A 1470-nm laser wavelength with a radial fiber was used for EVLA. Concomitant phlebectomy or sclerotherapy of insufficient tributaries was allowed. Perivenous tumescence was applied with 1% Rapidocaine (lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate; Sintetica SA). Ablation of varicose veins was performed by continuously drawing back the laser fiber at a power of 10 W, aiming for a linear endovenous energy delivery of 60 to 90 J/cm. Compression stockings were applied postoperatively, and the patients were advised to wear them for 1 week. Duplex ultrasound was performed at the 1- and 4-week follow-up visits to determine the occlusion rate and the occurrence of EHIT and VTE.
RESULTS
Overall, 249 patients were identified from the registry. Of the 249 patients, 26 were omitted because of treatment of recurrent varicose veins. Finally, 223 consecutive patients with 223 legs and 227 saphenous veins (159 great saphenous veins, 49 small saphenous veins, and 19 anterior accessory saphenous veins) were included in the final analysis. Their mean age was 58.1 ± 13.8 years, and 167 patients (73.1%) were women. The clinical CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification was C2 for 11 legs (4.9%), C3 for 123 legs (55.2%), C4a or C4b for 86 legs (38.6%), and C5 to C6 for 3 legs (1.4%). Thromboprophylaxis was given to 132 patients (59.2%) for 3 days (rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily to 130 patients [98.5%] and low-molecular-weight heparin to 2 patients [1.5%]). No thromboprophylaxis was administered to 91 patients (40.8%) after EVLA. The average treatment length was 34.2 ± 19.3 cm and the average diameter was 5.0 ± 1.3 mm. At 1 week of follow-up, no thrombotic event had occurred in either group. At 4 weeks of follow-up, one case of EHIT class 2 (1.1%) and one case of pulmonary embolism (1.1%) had occurred in the group without thromboprophylaxis. In the thromboprophylaxis group, one deep vein thrombosis (0.8%) event had occurred (adjusted P = .135). At 1 and 4 weeks of follow-up, the treated varicose veins remained occluded in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Endovenous ablation of truncal varicose veins appears to be safe with a low thrombotic event rate with or without pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. However, more data are needed before a final recommendation regarding the best thromboprophylaxis treatment option can be given.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Male; Venous Thromboembolism; Anticoagulants; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Venous Thrombosis; Laser Therapy; Varicose Veins; Thrombosis; Saphenous Vein; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 37557982
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2022.08.015 -
Brain and Behavior Oct 2023Infantile spasm (IS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with ongoing neurological damage due to seizures and epileptiform abnormalities. Epilepsy surgery is considered for...
OBJECTIVES
Infantile spasm (IS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with ongoing neurological damage due to seizures and epileptiform abnormalities. Epilepsy surgery is considered for children refractory to drug therapy, especially when there is a focal brain lesion. In this study, we investigated the feasibility and efficacy of intraventricular stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) and laser ablation for the treatment of IS children with focal brain lesions.
METHODS
We performed the first reported study using ventriculoscopic laser ablation to treat IS. Seven IS children with drug-resistant epilepsy and definite encephalomalacia on brain magnetic resonance imaging scan were included in this study. Ablation was performed after confirmation of epileptiform discharges by SEEG under the surveillance of ventriculoscope.
RESULTS
The median follow-up time for the cohort was 3.1 years and 86% (6/7) of the children had an Engel class ≤III epilepsy at the final follow-up. Five (71%) children had a reduction in seizure medication usage, and the other two were on the same amount as preablation. None of the children experienced serious new neurological deficits. Laser ablation might result in seizure freedom by destroying the local brain network and blocking the spread of abnormal discharges.
CONCLUSIONS
Intraventricular SEEG and laser ablation was feasible and effective for the treatment of IS. Further studies are warranted.
Topics: Child; Humans; Spasms, Infantile; Treatment Outcome; Electroencephalography; Laser Therapy; Epilepsy; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Seizures; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37492027
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3184 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2023Many a young doctors in training find retinal laser photocoagulation a daunting task. However, if correct protocols are followed and checklists are observed, then it is...
BACKGROUND
Many a young doctors in training find retinal laser photocoagulation a daunting task. However, if correct protocols are followed and checklists are observed, then it is not difficult to have a successful laser sitting with a happy patient. Most of the complications can be avoided with correct settings and techniques.
PURPOSE
To enumerate the basic protocols of retinal laser photocoagulation and provide practical tips including laser settings and checklists for hassle-free laser experience.
SYNOPSIS
Laser settings for a pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy differ from those for a focal laser for macular edema. A fill in PRP is indicated when an active Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is seen after the initial PRP is completed. The settings and protocols for laser photocoagulation for lattice degeneration are different, and various techniques of barrage laser are discussed. Practical tips and checklists are given, which will not be found in any textbooks.
HIGHLIGHTS
Animated illustrations and fundus photos are used to explain the correct techniques of performing laser photocoagulation in different indications and scenarios. Detailed instructions and checklists are provided, which can be very useful to avoid complications and medicolegal problems. The practical tips and guidelines in an easy-to-understand manner make this video highly educational for the novice retinal surgeons who want to perfect their technique of retinal laser photocoagulation.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/saQ4s49ciXI.
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Retinopathy; Laser Coagulation; Lasers; Macular Edema; Retina
PubMed: 37322727
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_128_23 -
Phlebology Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Varicose Veins; Sclerotherapy; Treatment Outcome; Saphenous Vein; Laser Therapy; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 37906199
DOI: 10.1177/02683555231211087