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Ugeskrift For Laeger Nov 2023The impact of diet on psoriasis is not well studied but it is of interest to many patients. A hypocaloric diet with corresponding weight loss can reduce psoriasis... (Review)
Review
The impact of diet on psoriasis is not well studied but it is of interest to many patients. A hypocaloric diet with corresponding weight loss can reduce psoriasis severity in overweight or obese patients and should be considered an important supplement to conventional therapy, as argued in this review. Gluten-free diet might improve severity of psoriasis in patients with coeliac disease or merely presence of coeliac-specific antibodies. Mediterranean diet might also be beneficial. Overall, studies do not support a beneficial effect of micronutrient supplements (i.e., vitamin D, selenium, vitamin B12) in patients with normal serum levels.
Topics: Humans; Diet, Reducing; Obesity; Diet; Vitamins; Psoriasis; Dietary Supplements; Celiac Disease
PubMed: 38018738
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Ophthalmology Oct 2023Folate, a pteroylglutamic acid derivative, participates in fundamental cellular metabolism. Homocysteine, an amino acid, serves as an intermediate of the methionine... (Review)
Review
Folate, a pteroylglutamic acid derivative, participates in fundamental cellular metabolism. Homocysteine, an amino acid, serves as an intermediate of the methionine cycle and can be converted back to methionine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a recognized risk factor for atherosclerotic and cardiovascular diseases. In recent decades, elevated plasma homocysteine levels and low folate status have been observed in many patients with retinal vascular diseases, such as retinal vascular occlusions, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related degeneration. Homocysteine-induced toxicity toward vascular endothelial cells might participate in the formation of retinal vascular diseases. Folate is an important dietary determinant of homocysteine. Folate deficiency is the most common cause of hyperhomocysteinemia. Folate supplementation can eliminate excess homocysteine in plasma. In in vitro experiments, folic acid had a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells against high glucose. Many studies have explored the relationship between folate and various retinal vascular diseases. This review summarizes the most important findings that lead to the conclusion that folic acid supplementation might be a protective treatment in patients with retinal vascular diseases with high homocysteine or glucose status. More research is still needed to validate the effect of folate and its supplementation in retinal vascular diseases.
Topics: Humans; Folic Acid; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Endothelial Cells; Methionine; Diabetic Retinopathy; Glucose; Homocysteine
PubMed: 37833663
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03149-z -
Nutrients Jan 2024Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) have a complex pathophysiology that is often characterized by a relationship between food ingestion and triggering of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) have a complex pathophysiology that is often characterized by a relationship between food ingestion and triggering of symptoms. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of nutrients as a therapeutic target are rapidly evolving.
AIMS AND METHODS
We performed a narrative review of the literature using the following keywords, their acronyms, and their associations: nutrients, disorders of gut-brain interaction; functional dyspepsia; malabsorption; irritable bowel syndrome; diarrhea; constipation.
RESULTS
Functional dyspepsia displayed a significant correlation between volume, fat and/or wheat abundance, chemical composition of ingested food and symptoms of early satiety, fullness and weight loss. Carbohydrate malabsorption is related to enzyme deficiency throughout the GI tract. Food composition and richness in soluble vs. non-soluble fibers is related to constipation and diarrhea. The elimination of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) has a significant and non-unidirectional impact on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Food volume, nutritive and chemical composition, and its malabsorption are associated with symptom generation in DGBIs. Further multicenter, randomized-controlled clinical trials are needed to clarify the underlying pathophysiology.
Topics: Humans; Dyspepsia; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Brain; Brain Diseases; Malabsorption Syndromes; Diarrhea; Constipation; Multicenter Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38202005
DOI: 10.3390/nu16010176