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Journal of Clinical Medicine Jul 2023While hormonal contraceptives are efficacious and available in several forms for women, perception of safety and concern over side effects are a deterrent for many.... (Review)
Review
While hormonal contraceptives are efficacious and available in several forms for women, perception of safety and concern over side effects are a deterrent for many. Existing non-hormonal contraceptives include permanent sterilization, copper intrauterine devices (IUDs), chemical/physical barriers such as spermicides and condoms, as well as traditional family planning methods including withdrawal and the rhythm method. Individuals who wish to retain their fertility in the future can achieve highest adherence and efficacy with long-acting, reversible contraceptives (LARCs), though there is only one, the copper IUD, that is non-hormonal. As rates of unintended pregnancies remain high with existing contraceptive options, it is becoming increasingly attractive to develop novel pregnancy prevention methods for both women and men. Non-hormonal contraceptives can target a variety of critical reproductive processes discussed here. This review focuses on identified non-hormonal contraceptive targets and subsequent drug candidates in development.
PubMed: 37510905
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144791 -
Basic and Clinical Andrology Nov 2023Since the release of the combined oral contraceptive pill in 1960, women have shouldered the burden of contraception and family planning. Over 60 years later, this is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Since the release of the combined oral contraceptive pill in 1960, women have shouldered the burden of contraception and family planning. Over 60 years later, this is still the case as the only practical, effective contraceptive options available to men are condoms and vasectomy. However, there are now a variety of promising hormonal and non-hormonal male contraceptive options being studied. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide clinicians and laypeople with focused, up-to-date descriptions of novel strategies and targets for male contraception. We include a cautiously optimistic discussion of benefits and potential drawbacks, highlighting several methods in preclinical and clinical stages of development.
RESULTS
As of June 2023, two hormonal male contraceptive methods are undergoing phase II clinical trials for safety and efficacy. A large-scale, international phase IIb trial investigating efficacy of transdermal segesterone acetate (Nestorone) plus testosterone gel has enrolled over 460 couples with completion estimated for late 2024. A second hormonal method, dimethandrolone undecanoate, is in two clinical trials focusing on safety, pharmacodynamics, suppression of spermatogenesis and hormones; the first of these two is estimated for completion in December 2024. There are also several non-hormonal methods with strong potential in preclinical stages of development.
CONCLUSIONS
There exist several hurdles to novel male contraception. Therapeutic development takes decades of time, meticulous work, and financial investment, but with so many strong candidates it is our hope that there will soon be several safe, effective, and reversible contraceptive options available to male patients.
PubMed: 37940863
DOI: 10.1186/s12610-023-00204-z -
Maedica Dec 2023A sizable fraction of young people with active sex lives do not utilize contraceptives and engage in high-risk sexual activity. School-based programs can prevent sexual...
A sizable fraction of young people with active sex lives do not utilize contraceptives and engage in high-risk sexual activity. School-based programs can prevent sexual activity, encourage birth control and reduce high-risk behavior. A survey was conducted to assess the key sources of knowledge on sexual education and document attitudes and methods of contraception used by Greek students, providing valuable information for expanding contraceptive services. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by using an online questionnaire which was distributed to 206 digital student groups on social media platforms from May 20 to June 5, 2021. The majority of participants obtained information about contraception from the Internet and used male condoms to avoid unwanted pregnancy and protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The present study found that younger ages (18-20 and 21-25) preferred to use the male condom technique in an ephemeral relationship [x² (12) =26.041, Fisher's exact test p= 0.0380.05]. Exploring students' attitudes toward contraceptive usage can provide valuable insights for developing effective strategies to promote safe and responsible sexual behavior among this population.
PubMed: 38348068
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2023.18.4.639 -
AIDS (London, England) Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Condoms; HIV Infections; Contraception; Family Planning Services
PubMed: 38411536
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003858 -
Translational Andrology and Urology Oct 2023Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common sexual disorder among male adults and negatively impacts a man's sexual life. Currently, the mainstay treatment of PE is still... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common sexual disorder among male adults and negatively impacts a man's sexual life. Currently, the mainstay treatment of PE is still medical therapy which has drawbacks among patients as a consequence of side effects. Despite the new definitions, the evolution of medical therapy, and the consensus for the management of PE, it remains challenging to treat for many clinicians especially when medical treatment fails. However, the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) and the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines ignored surgical therapy due to conflicting medical reports and doubts about the safety of surgical management. This article discusses the surgical management of PE based on recent guidelines, reviews, and evolving techniques.
METHODS
We reviewed the literature using PubMed and searched for the following keywords: premature ejaculation, selective dorsal neurectomy, hyaluronic acid, dorsal nerve neuromodulation, cryo-ablation of the dorsal nerve and inner condom technique until May 2023. Seventeen studies were found.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS
Even though the widespread use of many surgical modalities in Asia such as glans penis augmentation (GPA) using hyaluronic acid (HA) selective dorsal neurectomy (SDN), cryo-ablation of the dorsal nerve, neuromodulation of the dorsal nerve (NMDN), and circumcision are still considered as controversial for the guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS
The mainstay treatment of PE is still pharmaceutical. However, the current body of evidence on surgical treatments for PE is limited. Men considering surgical therapy for PE should be counseled well for the risks and benefits as there may be chronic disabilities. Further, well-designed trials are needed to establish safety and efficacy for the surgical treatment.
PubMed: 37969778
DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-240 -
The Journal of Adolescent Health :... Nov 2023This review examined whether there is evidence that brief interventions with condom demonstration lessons have impacts on behavioral and nonbehavioral outcomes for youth... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This review examined whether there is evidence that brief interventions with condom demonstration lessons have impacts on behavioral and nonbehavioral outcomes for youth and young adults.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review using a prespecified search strategy and processes consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified a pool of 11 eligible studies that tested the effectiveness of a single-session intervention that was no longer than 60 minutes and included a condom demonstration. We included all outcomes at all time points and organized them into eight domains.
RESULTS
Single-session interventions with condom demonstrations showed favorable short-term and long-term impacts for samples of largely sexually active youth. Studies found statistically significant impacts in 29%-50% of the tests for effects on attitudes toward condoms, knowledge of sexual health and condom use, perceptions of condom use and sexuality, and condoms use intentions.
DISCUSSION
Our review found evidence that brief interventions with condom demonstrations have potential effects on behavioral and nonbehavioral outcomes for vulnerable and transient sexually active youth warranting future studies to assess condom demonstrations in isolation.
Topics: Young Adult; Humans; Adolescent; Condoms; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Crisis Intervention; Sexual Behavior; Sexuality; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
PubMed: 37610388
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.06.020