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PloS One 2024Child marriage has been associated with a range of negative maternal and reproductive health outcomes. This study explored these associations in Liberia and Sierra Leone...
BACKGROUND
Child marriage has been associated with a range of negative maternal and reproductive health outcomes. This study explored these associations in Liberia and Sierra Leone and examined how child marriage intersected with other measures of social disadvantage.
METHODS
Data were derived from 631 and 1,325 married or cohabitating women aged 20-24 interviewed in the 2019-2020 Liberia and 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Surveys, respectively. Analyses were stratified by country. Regression models examined associations between age at first marriage (<15, 15-17, and 18+ years) and reproductive and maternal health outcomes, as well as interactions between child marriage and measures of social disadvantage. Multivariable regression results were presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Over half of currently married/cohabitating women aged 20-24 in Liberia (52%) and Sierra Leone (54%) married before age 18, and over one in 10 married before age 15. In both countries, after adjusting for other factors, being married before the age of 18 was significantly associated with early fertility, high fertility, and low fertility control. Associations were particularly strong among women who first married before age 15. In Liberia, women who married at age 15-17 had significantly lower odds of skilled attendance at delivery and institutional delivery if they lived in the North Central region. Sierra Leonean women who married before age 15 had lower odds of institutional delivery and lower odds of four or more ANC visits if they lived in the North Western region.
CONCLUSION
This study found clear associations between child marriage and negative reproductive health outcomes in Liberia and Sierra Leone, with stronger associations among women married in early adolescence. Child marriage and region of residence intersected to shape young women's access to skilled attendance at birth and institutional delivery. These findings call for further investigation and targeted intervention.
Topics: Humans; Female; Liberia; Sierra Leone; Marriage; Cross-Sectional Studies; Young Adult; Adolescent; Maternal Health; Reproductive Health; Adult; Child; Pregnancy
PubMed: 38768254
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300982 -
PloS One 2024Utilization of modern contraceptives increases over time but it was still low and varies across ages among married youth woman. This study revealed the prevalence of...
Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among younger and older married youth women in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019.
INTRODUCTION
Utilization of modern contraceptives increases over time but it was still low and varies across ages among married youth woman. This study revealed the prevalence of modern contraceptives and its associated factors among younger and older married youth women.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study design was applied to the sample of EMDHS 2019. Multilevel logistic regressions were carried out using STATA version 16 to identify the individual and community-level factors of modern contraceptive utilization. Adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered to be significant determinants of modern contraceptive utilization.
RESULT
In the EMDHS 2019, a total of 3290 married women between ages 15 and 34 were included. Among these 1210 (36.7%) and 2080 (63%) women, they were age groups of 15-24 and 25-34 years, respectively. Modern contraceptive utilization among women aged 15-24 and 25-34 years was 54.23% and 52.6%, respectively. Injection is a commonly used modern contraceptive method. In this study, factors associated with modern contraceptive utilization among women aged 15-24 years include women who had primary education [AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.02-4.83], who had three or more children in the household [AOR = 14.29; 95% CI: 1.61-126.25], Protestants [AOR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14-0.61], five to seven households [AOR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.17-0.69], and region [AOR = 6.98; 95%:2.30-21.16]. On other hand, factors associated with modern contraceptive utilization among women aged 25-34 were women who had one or two under-five children in the household [AOR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.03-2.68] and region [AOR = 3.54; 95%CI: 1.79-6.97].
CONCLUSIONS
More than 50% of participants used modern contraceptives in both age groups and, the associated factor of modern contraceptive utilization varied among this age group. Health managers and policymakers need to consider age group, region, educational status, religion, and fertility level in planning of family planning program.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Ethiopia; Adult; Young Adult; Contraception Behavior; Cross-Sectional Studies; Contraception; Marriage; Health Surveys; Family Planning Services; Age Factors; Contraceptive Agents
PubMed: 38805520
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300151 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Nov 2023Sexual life is very important for people's physical health, psychological health, and reproductive health. Depression and social support are among the factors that...
BACKGROUND
Sexual life is very important for people's physical health, psychological health, and reproductive health. Depression and social support are among the factors that affect the quality of sexual life.
AIM
The present study aimed to determine the impact of perceived social support on the sexual quality of life and depression in married women between the ages of 18 and 49.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 976 married women aged 18 to 49 were included in this cross-sectional study in which an online data collection method was used Sexual Life Quality Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, and Beck Depression Scale, which were used as data collection tools. Statistical analysis used: Analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive statistics were used for number, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as independent group t-test, correlation, and regression analysis. The "Enter" model was used in the logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
It was established that nearly one-third of married women aged 18-49 had low levels of perceived social support and sexual quality of life, and almost half of them experienced symptoms of depression. The quality of sexual life was 3.6 times (P = 0.001) lower in those with low social support and 1.6 times (P = 0.024) lower in those with depression.
CONCLUSION
Considering the fact that women's sexual problems, low social support and depression are important predictors of sexual quality of life, special attention should be paid to increasing social support to women, handling women's sexual problems more carefully, and detecting and treating such problems.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Depression; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sexual Behavior; Social Support
PubMed: 38044772
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_293_23 -
International Journal of Occupational... Sep 2023The aim of this research is to present the search for psychosocial predictors explaining the strength of perceived stress in psychiatrists and the search for...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this research is to present the search for psychosocial predictors explaining the strength of perceived stress in psychiatrists and the search for associations between stress and occupational burnout in psychiatrists. The authors also searched for associations between organizational, workload, family and non-professional - social factors and the intensity of occupational stress.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The group of 131 doctors - specialists in psychiatry, aged 27-86 years - took part in the study. The participants completed 3 questionnaires, i.e., the , the (LBQ) and the (PSS-10).
RESULTS
The results indicated that significant predictors of the development of occupational stress for psychiatrists were psychophysical exhaustion and lack of a sense of professional efficacy. Taking holidays (several times a year, pursuing the passions and interests), and having a stable family relationship (marriage or civil partnership) were also prominent among the predictors of stress.
CONCLUSIONS
Occupational stress and burnout in the work of the surveyed psychiatrists appeared to be a high intensity phenomenon. These results indicate the need to spread preventive health care also in the work of psychiatrists. Mainly in terms of maintaining the right balance between work and rest, which can help to reduce stress levels and protect against further development of burnout syndrome. Family resources such as a stable marriage or partnership may also be a protective factor against the build-up of stress and burnout in psychiatrists (mainly female). In addition, professional resources (work experience measured by number of years of work) is also important in explaining stress levels in psychiatrists. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(3):379-95.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Burnout, Professional; Workload; Burnout, Psychological; Occupational Stress; Psychiatry
PubMed: 37681426
DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02147 -
European Journal of Obstetrics &... Mar 2024The quality of marital relationships is positively impacted by women's sexual self-esteem. This study aims to determine the factors that affect sexual self-esteem among...
INTRODUCTION
The quality of marital relationships is positively impacted by women's sexual self-esteem. This study aims to determine the factors that affect sexual self-esteem among Iranian women.
METHODS
A total of 1176 eligible women who have been referred to comprehensive healthcare centers of Rasht, participated in this analytical cross-sectional study. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling methodology was applied to achieve samples. Data were collected using a validated Persian version of the Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory in Women-Short Form and related factors checklist.
RESULTS
The mean sexual self-esteem score of the respondents was 103.97(SD =5.29) in this study. Education level of the woman (B = 2.622, P < 0.032), employment status of the woman (B= 9.24, P < 0.01), duration of the marriage (B = 11.47, P < 0.01), body image (B = 3.446, P < 0.01), childhood sexual abuse experiences (B = -0.363, P < 0.01), was related with sexual self-esteem. The sexual self-esteem score increased with an increase in higher levels of education, employment of women, an increase in the duration of the marriage, and a positive body image. However, there was an inverse relationship between the experience of childhood sexual abuse and sexual self-esteem.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings revealed that sexual self-esteem in women is influenced by background, intrapersonal, and interpersonal factors that should be approached in education, counseling, and therapy.
PubMed: 38323102
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100284 -
Nursing Open Sep 2023This study aimed to assess chronic stress and coping mechanisms among nurses in Lango sub-region, northern Uganda, conducted between May and June 2022.
AIM
This study aimed to assess chronic stress and coping mechanisms among nurses in Lango sub-region, northern Uganda, conducted between May and June 2022.
DESIGN
Institutional-based cross-sectional design conducted between May and June 2022.
METHODS
The study included 498 participants recruited from six health facilities. A 12-Item Short Form Survey tool was used to collect data on chronic stress, while a researcher-developed questionnaire was used to collect data on coping strategies. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression and multiple regression were conducted for data analysis. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
Out of 498 participants, 153 (30.7%) were aged between 31 and 40 years, 341 (68.5%) were female, 288 (57.8%) were married, and 266 (53.4%) had less than Diploma. Of the 498 participants, 351 (70.5%) experienced chronic stress. The protective factors against chronic stress were being married (AOR: 0.132; 95% CI: 0.043-0.408; p < 0.001), optimizing shift length (AOR: 0.056; 95% CI: 0.027-0.115; p < 0.001), religiosity/Spirituality (AOR: 2.750; 95% CI: 1.376-5.497; p = 0.004), and regular exercise and breaks (AOR: 0.405; 95% CI: 0.223-0.737; p = 0.003).
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Male; Uganda; Cross-Sectional Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adaptation, Psychological; Nurses
PubMed: 37199048
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1831 -
Medicine Sep 2023We predicted that marital status may have predictive effects on young adult patients with cancer. A total of 37,028 young adult patients (20-39 years old) newly...
We predicted that marital status may have predictive effects on young adult patients with cancer. A total of 37,028 young adult patients (20-39 years old) newly diagnosed with lymphoma by positive histology between 1988 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Patients were separated into married and unmarried groups. Multivariate regression was utilized to explore the association between marital status and overall survival, and propensity score matching and an inverse probability of treatment weighting were applied to corroborate our results. Among 37,028 eligible lymphoma patients, 12,827 married patients, and 12,827 unmarried patients, had equal propensity scores and were eventually recruited in this research. Moreover, married patients reported enhanced 10-year overall survival in the original group and the matched cohort. The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a vital advantageous influence of married status on overall mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.54 (95% CI, 0.51-0.57, P < .001) and the association remained robust after propensity score matching (HR, 0.53, 95% CI 0.51-0.55, P < .001) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (HR, 0.53, 95% CI 0.51-0.56, P < .001) after adjusting for confounding factors. Marital status had predictive significance for overall survival in young adult patients with lymphoma.
Topics: Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Marital Status; Lymphoma; Marriage; Databases, Factual; Propensity Score
PubMed: 37682153
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034416 -
BMC Women's Health Dec 2023Polygamous marriages are common in many Africa countries. This study aimed to document psychosexual and psychosocial problems of Somali women engaged in monogamous or...
BACKGROUND
Polygamous marriages are common in many Africa countries. This study aimed to document psychosexual and psychosocial problems of Somali women engaged in monogamous or polygamous marriages.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 607 consecutive women who had presented between June 7 and October 1, 2022, to the Department of Gynaecology of Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital in Mogadishu, the capital city of Somalia. Data included maternal age, type of marriage (polygamy, monogamy, and arranged marriage), wives' education, husbands' education, husband income, residence area (rural or urban), number of marriages, living in houses (same or different), number of co-wives, and age of marriage. The participants were asked to complete three questionnaires: The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18).
RESULTS
Of 607 women, 435 (71.7%) had monogamous marriages and 172 (28.3%) had polygamous marriages. The mean age was 29.0 ± 7.2 years (range 16-46). In polygamous marriages, the mean number of wives a husband had was 2.4 ± 0.7 women (range 2- 4). The overall incidences of sexual dysfunction, low self-esteem and arranged marriage were 59.8%, 79.4% and 64.4%, respectively. Wives in polygamous marriages differed from those in monogamous marriages with significantly higher rate of illiterateness (41.9% vs. 27.4%, p = 0.004). Increases in husband income corresponded to higher rates of polygamous marriage. Women in polygamous marriages had significantly lower scores in the desire, arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction sub-domains. Sexual dysfunction, with a significantly increased rate among women in polygamous marriages. Polygamous marriages were associated with significantly higher levels of anxiety, and depression, and a significantly higher total BSI score (p = 0.010, p = 0.004, and p = 0.020, respectively). Women in both groups had similar levels of low self-esteem (p > 0.05). In univariate analysis, polygamous marriage was in significant inverse associations with the total FSFI score and subdomain scores of desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, and sexual dysfunction and in significant associations with the BSI total score and subdomain scores of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that women in polygamous marriages experience considerably higher psychosexual and psychosocial adverse effects as compared with their monogamous counterparts.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Marriage; Cross-Sectional Studies; Somalia; Spouses; Turkey
PubMed: 38093249
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02830-1 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2023few studies have examined the factors influencing fertility differentials and the variation in their effects in countries with different socioeconomic and cultural...
Heterogeneous effects of socio-economic and cultural factors on fertility differentials in Burundi and Morocco during their fertility transition periods: a retrospective, cross-sectional and comparative study.
INTRODUCTION
few studies have examined the factors influencing fertility differentials and the variation in their effects in countries with different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds and different fertility transition paces. To address this gap, our study sought to first identify the factors that influenced fertility differentials in Morocco and Burundi during their fertility transition periods, and then to compare the effects of these factors between the two countries.
METHODS
using data from the 2003-4 Morocco and 2010 Burundi Demographic and Health Surveys, bivariable and multivariable Poisson regression analyses offset by the natural logarithm of the women´s age were performed to identify the socioeconomic and cultural factors that influenced fertility differentials in Morocco and Burundi during their fertility transition.
RESULTS
our main findings showed that the total number of children ever born ranged from 0 to 17 with a mean of 2.71 ± 2.89 in Burundi and from 0 to 16 with a mean of 1.88 ± 2.80 in Morocco. In Burundi, both socioeconomic and cultural factors like rural residence adjusted incident rate ratio (AIRR) = 1.159, 95% CI: 1.103 - 1.217, P=0.020), women´s illiteracy (AIRR=1.465, 95% CI: 1.241- 1.729, P <0.001) and agricultural profession (AIRR=1. 332, 95% CI: 1.263 - 1.401, P = 0.004), household poverty (AIRR= 1.381, 95% CI: 1.223 - 1.431, p<0.001), infant mortality (AIRR= 1.602, 95% CI: 1.562 - 1.643, p<0.001), early marriage (AIRR= 1.313, 95% CI: 1.264 - 1.364, p<0.001), lack of knowledge of any contraceptives (AIRR= 1.263, 95% CI: 1.125 - 1.310, p = 0.003) and failure to use modern contraceptives (AIRR= 1.520, 95% CI: 1.487 - 1.611, p<0.001) were associated with high number of children ever born. However, in Morocco socioeconomic factors like residence place, women´s agricultural profession and household poverty were not significant. In this country, women´s illiteracy (AIRR=1.428, 95% CI: 1.315 - 1.551, P <0.001), lack of access to mass media (AIRR= 1.241, 95% CI: 1.108 - 1.375, p = 0.006), infant mortality (AIRR=1.222, 95%CI: 1.184 - 1.361, p<0.001), early marriage (AIRR1.481, 95% CI: 1.435 - 1.529, p<0.001), lack of knowledge of any contraceptives (AIRR1.508, 95% CI: 1.409 - 1.613, p<0.001) and failure to use modern contraceptives (AIRR1.745, 95% CI: 1.627 - 1.863, p<0.001) were associated with high fertility but with different effects than in Burundi.
CONCLUSION
the evidence from this study suggests that interventions to accelerate the fertility transition processes in Burundi and many other countries with slow fertility transitions should be designed and implemented according to each country's local context.
Topics: Infant; Child; Female; Humans; Morocco; Burundi; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Educational Status; Fertility; Socioeconomic Factors; Marriage; Contraceptive Agents
PubMed: 37900201
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.161.36150 -
PloS One 2024This study evaluated the effect of Momentum-an integrated family planning, maternal and newborn health, and nutrition intervention-on postpartum family planning norms...
Effects of the Momentum project on postpartum family planning norms and behaviors among married and unmarried adolescent and young first-time mothers in Kinshasa: A quasi-experimental study.
This study evaluated the effect of Momentum-an integrated family planning, maternal and newborn health, and nutrition intervention-on postpartum family planning norms and behaviors among ever married and never-married first-time mothers age 15-24 in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Using data collected in 2018 and 2020, we conducted an intent-to-treat analysis among 1,927 first-time mothers who were about six-months pregnant at enrollment. Difference-in-differences models were run for panel data and treatment effects models with inverse-probability weighting for endline-only outcomes. Average treatment effects (ATE) were estimated. Momentum had positive effects on partner discussion of family planning in the early postpartum period (ever married 15-19: ATE = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.098, 0.261; never married 15-19: ATE = 0.131, 95% CI = 0.029, 0.232; ever married 20-24: ATE = 0.233, 95% CI = 0.164, 0.302; never married 20-24: ATE = 0.241, 95% CI = 0.121, 0.362) and discussion with a health worker, and on obtaining a contraceptive method in the early postpartum period, except among never married adolescents. Among adolescents, intervention effects on modern contraceptive use within 12 months of childbirth/pregnancy loss were larger for the never married (ATE = 0.251, 95% CI = 0.122, 0.380) than the ever married (ATE = 0.114, 95% CI = 0.020, 0.208). Full intervention exposure had consistently larger effects on contraceptive behaviors than partial exposure, except among ever married adolescents. Momentum had no effect on normative expectations about postpartum family planning use among adolescents, and on descriptive norms and personal agency among those who were never married. Results for normative outcomes and personal agency underscored the intersectionality between young maternal age and marital status. Future programs should improve personal agency and foster normative change in support of postpartum family planning uptake and tailor interventions to different age and marital status subsets of first-time mothers.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Infant, Newborn; Adolescent; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Family Planning Services; Single Person; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Mothers; Postpartum Period; Contraception; Contraception Behavior
PubMed: 38547207
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300342