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Nutrients Oct 2023The intricate connection between eating behaviors and sleep habits is often overlooked in clinical practice, despite their profound interdependence. Sleep plays a key... (Review)
Review
The intricate connection between eating behaviors and sleep habits is often overlooked in clinical practice, despite their profound interdependence. Sleep plays a key role in modulating psychological, hormonal and metabolic balance and exerting an influence on food choices. Conversely, various eating disorders may affect sleep continuity, sometimes promoting the development of sleep pathologies. Neurologists, nutritionists and psychiatrists tend to focus on these issues separately, resulting in a failure to recognize the full extent of the clinical conditions. This detrimental separation can lead to underestimation, misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapeutic interventions. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the tangled relationship between sleep, sleep pathologies and eating disorders, by incorporating the perspective of sleep experts, psychologists and psychiatrists. Our goal is to identify a practical crossroad integrating the expertise of all the involved specialists.
Topics: Humans; Sleep; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Psychiatry; Neurology; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 37892563
DOI: 10.3390/nu15204488 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023The significant progress we have recently observed in the field of gastroenterology, both in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and in the diagnosis and...
The significant progress we have recently observed in the field of gastroenterology, both in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, is closely related to the improvement and discovery of new biomolecular techniques [...].
Topics: Gastroenterology; Molecular Medicine
PubMed: 37834355
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914907 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023
Topics: Endocrinology
PubMed: 37745702
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236837 -
Cell Reports Methods Sep 2023Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a crucial tool to reveal the genetic and functional heterogeneity of tumors, providing unique insights into the clonal evolution,... (Review)
Review
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a crucial tool to reveal the genetic and functional heterogeneity of tumors, providing unique insights into the clonal evolution, microenvironment, drug resistance, and metastatic progression of cancers. Microfluidics is a critical component of many SCS technologies and workflows, conferring advantages in throughput, economy, and automation. Here, we review the current landscape of microfluidic architectures and sequencing techniques for single-cell omics analysis and highlight how these have enabled recent applications in oncology research. We also discuss the challenges and the promise of microfluidics-based single-cell analysis in the future of precision oncology.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Microfluidics; Precision Medicine; Medical Oncology; Automation; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37725985
DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100591 -
Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of... Jun 2024Precision medicine aims to provide personalized care based on individual patient characteristics, rather than guideline-directed therapies for groups of diseases or... (Review)
Review
Precision medicine aims to provide personalized care based on individual patient characteristics, rather than guideline-directed therapies for groups of diseases or patient demographics. Images-both radiology- and pathology-derived-are a major source of information on presence, type, and status of disease. Exploring the mathematical relationship of pixels in medical imaging ("radiomics") and cellular-scale structures in digital pathology slides ("pathomics") offers powerful tools for extracting both qualitative and, increasingly, quantitative data. These analytical approaches, however, may be significantly enhanced by applying additional methods arising from fields of mathematics such as differential geometry and algebraic topology that remain underexplored in this context. Geometry's strength lies in its ability to provide precise local measurements, such as curvature, that can be crucial for identifying abnormalities at multiple spatial levels. These measurements can augment the quantitative features extracted in conventional radiomics, leading to more nuanced diagnostics. By contrast, topology serves as a robust shape descriptor, capturing essential features such as connected components and holes. The field of topological data analysis was initially founded to explore the shape of data, with functional network connectivity in the brain being a prominent example. Increasingly, its tools are now being used to explore organizational patterns of physical structures in medical images and digitized pathology slides. By leveraging tools from both differential geometry and algebraic topology, researchers and clinicians may be able to obtain a more comprehensive, multi-layered understanding of medical images and contribute to precision medicine's armamentarium.
Topics: Precision Medicine; Humans; Radiology; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 38626875
DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102060 -
Theranostics 2024The field of theranostics is rapidly advancing, driven by the goals of enhancing patient care. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) and its innovative... (Review)
Review
The field of theranostics is rapidly advancing, driven by the goals of enhancing patient care. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) and its innovative theranostic applications have marked a critical step forward in nuclear medicine, leading to a significant paradigm shift in precision oncology. For instance, AI-assisted tumor characterization, including automated image interpretation, tumor segmentation, feature identification, and prediction of high-risk lesions, improves diagnostic processes, offering a precise and detailed evaluation. With a comprehensive assessment tailored to an individual's unique clinical profile, AI algorithms promise to enhance patient risk classification, thereby benefiting the alignment of patient needs with the most appropriate treatment plans. By uncovering potential factors unseeable to the human eye, such as intrinsic variations in tumor radiosensitivity or molecular profile, AI software has the potential to revolutionize the prediction of response heterogeneity. For accurate and efficient dosimetry calculations, AI technology offers significant advantages by providing customized phantoms and streamlining complex mathematical algorithms, making personalized dosimetry feasible and accessible in busy clinical settings. AI tools have the potential to be leveraged to predict and mitigate treatment-related adverse events, allowing early interventions. Additionally, generative AI can be utilized to find new targets for developing novel radiopharmaceuticals and facilitate drug discovery. However, while there is immense potential and notable interest in the role of AI in theranostics, these technologies do not lack limitations and challenges. There remains still much to be explored and understood. In this study, we investigate the current applications of AI in theranostics and seek to broaden the horizons for future research and innovation.
Topics: Humans; Precision Medicine; Artificial Intelligence; Neoplasms; Algorithms; Theranostic Nanomedicine
PubMed: 38646652
DOI: 10.7150/thno.94788 -
Infectious Diseases of Poverty Jun 2024Cooperation and networking are powerful tools in the combating against tropical diseases. Cooperation on a global scale is essential due to the transboundary nature of...
Cooperation and networking are powerful tools in the combating against tropical diseases. Cooperation on a global scale is essential due to the transboundary nature of tropical diseases. Networking plays a pivotal role in facilitating such cooperation. Both cooperation and networking can foster innovation in disease control programmes. Collaborative research can lead to the development of new drugs and vaccines, while shared surveillance data can enable the early detection and control of disease epidemics. Therefore, consensus of cooperation and networking has been reached during the 7th Symposium on Surveillance-Response Systems Leading to Tropical Diseases Elimination, which reflected in the two documents, i.e., Consensus for Transboundary Tropical Diseases Control, and Action Consensus of the Network of WHO Collaborating Centres Related to NTDs. These documents will improve the efforts in the fighting against tropical diseases through collective actions to achieve the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Topics: Humans; Tropical Medicine; Global Health; International Cooperation; Disease Eradication; World Health Organization; Neglected Diseases
PubMed: 38879557
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01215-2 -
Restoring Trust: The Need for Precision Medicine in Infectious Diseases, Public Health and Vaccines.Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Aug 2023There are limited data on precision medicine in infectious diseases and vaccines; however, precise management of infectious diseases plays a critical role in trust for... (Review)
Review
There are limited data on precision medicine in infectious diseases and vaccines; however, precise management of infectious diseases plays a critical role in trust for government, health-care organizations, science, and pharma. The improvement in biomedical technologies, availability of large clinical and -omic data and appropriate application of artificial intelligence may allow precision in vaccines and public health and restore trust. This is an invited editorial on the role of precision medicine in infectious diseases and vaccines.
Topics: Humans; Public Health; Precision Medicine; Trust; Artificial Intelligence; Vaccines; Communicable Diseases
PubMed: 37465958
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2234787 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Tumors have a huge impact on human life and are now the main cause of disease-related deaths. The main means of treatment are surgery and radiotherapy, but they are more... (Review)
Review
Tumors have a huge impact on human life and are now the main cause of disease-related deaths. The main means of treatment are surgery and radiotherapy, but they are more damaging to the organism and have a poor postoperative prognosis. Therefore, we urgently need safe and effective drugs to treat tumors. In recent years, Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used in tumor therapy as complementary and alternative therapies. Medicinal and edible herbs are popular and have become a hot topic of research, which not only have excellent pharmacological effects and activities, but also have almost no side effects. Therefore, as a typical medicine and food homology, some components of (PRA, called Baishao in China) have been shown to have good efficacy and safety against cancer. Numerous studies have also shown that and its active ingredients treat cancer through various pathways and are also one of the important components of many antitumor herbal compound formulas. In this paper, we reviewed the literature on the intervention of in tumors and its mechanism of action in recent years and found that there is a large amount of literature on its effect on total glucosides of paeony (TGP) and paeoniflorin (PF), as well as an in-depth discussion of the mechanism of action of and its main constituents, with a view to promote the clinical development and application of in the field of antitumor management.
Topics: Humans; Paeonia; Medicine; China; Neoplasms; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38611704
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071424 -
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology,... Dec 2023A large space still exists for improving the measurements used in orthopaedics and sports medicine, especially as we face rapid technological progress in devices used...
A large space still exists for improving the measurements used in orthopaedics and sports medicine, especially as we face rapid technological progress in devices used for diagnostic or patient monitoring purposes. For a specific measure to be valuable and applicable in clinical practice, its reliability must be established. Reliability refers to the extent to which measurements can be replicated, and three types of reliability can be distinguished: inter-rater, intra-rater, and test-retest. The present article aims to provide insights into reliability as one of the most important and relevant properties of measurement tools. It covers essential knowledge about the methods used in orthopaedics and sports medicine for reliability studies. From design to interpretation, this article guides readers through the reliability study process. It addresses crucial issues such as the number of raters needed, sample size calculation, and breaks between particular trials. Different statistical methods and tests are presented for determining reliability depending on the type of gathered data, with particular attention to the commonly used intraclass correlation coefficient.
Topics: Humans; Observer Variation; Orthopedics; Reproducibility of Results; Sports Medicine; Orthopedic Procedures
PubMed: 37902842
DOI: 10.1007/s00167-023-07635-1