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BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Apr 2024Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is partly initiated through the transdifferentiation of acinar cells to metaplastic ducts that act as precursors of neoplasia and...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is partly initiated through the transdifferentiation of acinar cells to metaplastic ducts that act as precursors of neoplasia and cancer. Tuft cells are solitary chemosensory cells not found in the normal pancreas but arise in metaplasia and neoplasia, diminishing as neoplastic lesions progress to carcinoma. Metaplastic tuft cells (mTCs) function to suppress tumor progression through communication with the tumor microenvironment, but their fate during progression is unknown. To determine the fate of mTCs during PDA progression, we have created a lineage tracing model that uses a tamoxifen-inducible tuft-cell specific Pou2f3 driver to induce transgene expression, including the lineage tracer tdTomato or the oncogene . mTC lineage trace models of pancreatic neoplasia and carcinoma were used to follow mTC fate. We found that mTCs, in the carcinoma model, transdifferentiate into neural-like progenitor cells (NRPs), a cell type associated with poor survival in PDA patients. Using conditional knock-out and overexpression systems, we found that activity in mTCs is necessary and sufficient to induce this Tuft-to-Neuroendocrine-Transition (TNT).
PubMed: 38405804
DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.12.579982 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Nov 2023The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene polymorphisms with individual susceptibility to...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene polymorphisms with individual susceptibility to Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) as well as clinicopathological variables in TNBC patients. Two common polymorphisms in Asian population, ABCG2 34 G>A and 421 C>A was selected in this study.
METHODS
Blood samples were collected from 75 TNBC patients and 83 controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and the SNP genotyping was performed by using PCR-RFLP technique. The genotypes were characterized and grouped into homozygous wildtype, heterozygote and homozygous variant based on the band size. The result was subjected to statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The A allele and AA genotype of ABCG2 421 C>A had OR of 3.011 (p=0.003, 95% CI: 1.417-6.398) and 9.042 (p=0.011, 95% CI: 1.640-49.837), to develop advanced staging carcinoma respectively. The AA genotype of ABCG2 421 C>A polymorphism was also associated with metaplastic and medullary carcinoma with an OR of 6.429 (p=0.018, 95% CI: 1.373-30.109). A significant association was also found in haplotype 34G/421A of ABCG2 with advanced cancer staging as well as metaplastic and medullary carcinoma with OR of 2.347 (p=0.032, 95% CI: 1.010-5.560) and 2.546 (p=0.008, 95% CI: 1.005-6.447), respectively. Conclusion: The present study suggests that ABCG2 421 C>A polymorphism was associated with metaplastic and medullary histology and advanced cancer staging in TNBC patients.
Topics: Humans; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Medullary; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Neoplasm Proteins
PubMed: 38019248
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.11.3891 -
Cancers Dec 2023Metaplastic breast cancer (BC-Mp) presents diagnostic and therapeutic complexities, with scant literature available. Correct assessment of tumor size by ultrasound (US)...
Discrepancy between Tumor Size Assessed by Full-Field Digital Mammography or Ultrasonography (cT) and Pathology (pT) in a Multicenter Series of Breast Metaplastic Carcinoma Patients.
UNLABELLED
Metaplastic breast cancer (BC-Mp) presents diagnostic and therapeutic complexities, with scant literature available. Correct assessment of tumor size by ultrasound (US) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is crucial for treatment planning.
METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on databases encompassing records of BC patients (2012-2022) at the National Research Institutes of Oncology (Warsaw, Gliwice and Krakow Branches). Inclusion criteria comprised confirmed diagnosis in postsurgical pathology reports with tumor size details (pT) and availability of tumor size from preoperative US and/or FFDM. Patients subjected to neoadjuvant systemic treatment were excluded. Demographics and clinicopathological data were gathered.
RESULTS
Forty-five females were included. A total of 86.7% were triple-negative. The median age was 66 years (range: 33-89). The median pT was 41.63 mm (6-130), and eight patients were N-positive. Median tumor size assessed by US and FFDM was 31.81 mm (9-100) and 34.14 mm (0-120), respectively. Neither technique demonstrated superiority ( > 0.05), but they both underestimated the tumor size ( = 0.002 for US and = 0.018 for FFDM). Smaller tumors (pT1-2) were statistically more accurately assessed by any technique ( < 0.001). Only pT correlated with overall survival.
CONCLUSION
The risk of underestimation in tumor size assessment with US and FFDM has to be taken into consideration while planning surgical procedures for BC-Mp.
PubMed: 38201615
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010188 -
Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and... Jan 2024The rarity of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) has resulted in limited sonographic data. Given the inferior prognosis of MBC compared to invasive ductal carcinoma...
BACKGROUND
The rarity of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) has resulted in limited sonographic data. Given the inferior prognosis of MBC compared to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), accurate preoperative differentiation between the two is imperative for effective treatment planning and prognostic prediction. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of MBC and differentiate it from IDC by analyzing sonographic and clinicopathologic features.
METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, 197 women comprising 200 IDC lesions were enrolled between January 2012 and December 2021 and 20 women comprising 20 pure MBC lesions were enrolled between January 2019 and December 2019. A comparison was made between the sonographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of MBC and IDC.
RESULTS
The results indicated that patients with MBC had a higher proportion of tumor grade 3 (95.0% 32.5%; P<0.001), high Ki-67 expression (100.0% 75.0%; P<0.001), and the triple-negative subtype (90.0% 13.0%; P<0.001) as compared to those with IDC. On ultrasound (US) findings, MBC lesions tended to have a larger size (≥5 cm: 45.0% 1.5%; P<0.001), regular shape (45.0% 1.5%, P<0.001), circumscribed margin (40.0% 0.5%, P<0.001), a complex cystic and solid echo pattern (50.0% 3.5%; P<0.001), and posterior acoustic enhancement (95.0% 14.5%; P<0.001). Additionally, MBC was more likely to be misinterpreted as a benign lesion by sonographers than was IDC (30.0% 4.5%; P<0.001). Multilayer perceptron analysis revealed posterior acoustic enhancement, circumscribed margins, and size as distinguishing factors between these two tumor types. The estimated rates of local recurrence, distant metastasis, and 5-year overall survival in 19 cases with MBC were found to be 10.5%, 31.6%, and 65.0%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
MBC typically presents as a large breast mass with more benign US features in older women, findings which may facilitate its accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other breast masses.
PubMed: 38223107
DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1096 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Studies have suggested that cancerous tissue has a lower N/N ratio than benign tissue. However, human data have been inconclusive, possibly due to constraints on...
Studies have suggested that cancerous tissue has a lower N/N ratio than benign tissue. However, human data have been inconclusive, possibly due to constraints on experimental design. Here, we used high-sensitivity nitrogen isotope methods to assess the N/N ratio of human breast, lung, and kidney cancer tissue at unprecedented spatial resolution. In lung, breast, and urothelial carcinoma, N/N was negatively correlated with tumor cell density. The magnitude of N depletion for a given tumor cell density was consistent across different types of lung cancer, ductal in situ and invasive breast carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma, suggesting similar elevations in the anabolism-to-catabolism ratio. However, tumor N depletion was higher in a more aggressive metaplastic breast carcinoma. These findings may indicate the ability of certain cancers to more effectively channel N towards growth. Our results support N/N analysis as a potential tool for screening biopsies and assessing N metabolism in tumor cells.
Topics: Humans; Female; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Nitrogen
PubMed: 37957187
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45597-z -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Jul 2024Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare form of breast cancer, comprising less than 1 % of all breast malignancies. Osseous differentiation is an extremely rare...
INTRODUCTION
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare form of breast cancer, comprising less than 1 % of all breast malignancies. Osseous differentiation is an extremely rare subtype of MBC, accounting for only 0.003-0.12 % of all breast cancer cases.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of advanced-stage metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but then the tumor progressed to metastasis. Despite palliative surgery, and chemotherapy, the disease did not respond; the patient died shortly later.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
Metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation often rapidly progressive, resistant to chemotherapy, and associated with a poor prognosis. Some studies in the literature suggest that MBC tends to spread through the blood rather than lymphatic spread and therefore leads to lung and bone metastases.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in this histopathological group is limited and its use should be carefully considered.
PubMed: 38852558
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109840 -
Cureus Mar 2024Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal components within...
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal components within the tumor. Its clinical and radiological appearance is comparable to other types of breast cancer, but it grows rapidly. The diagnosis of metaplastic carcinoma is largely based on the epithelial origin of the cells confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Compared to invasive ductal carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma has a worse overall survival rate. Any patient with a rapidly growing breast mass should be assessed with suspicion of sarcomatoid or metaplastic malignant neoplasm. We report this case due to its rarity and the complex nature of the disease.
PubMed: 38646373
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56619 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Sep 2023Global breast cancer incidence is increasing at an annual rate of 3·1%. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an...
BACKGROUND
Global breast cancer incidence is increasing at an annual rate of 3·1%. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%). However, the data from different parts of India are still lacking and the study was conducted to assess the burden of disease at tertiary referral centers in central India.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Retrospective record analysis (June 2013-June 2017) of data from outdoor clinics and pathology reports. The patients aged <15 yrs, nonresidence of Chhattisgarh, and diagnosed outside the study period were excluded. The triple assessment was used to diagnose all breast lumps (sensitivity 99%).
RESULTS
Eighty patients were diagnosed having breast carcinoma. The mean age for breast cancer was 39 ± 3.028 years (ranged 31-50 years). Twenty patients had locally advanced breast carcinoma. The predominant religion was Hindu 55.00%. The referral pathway to seek medical care for breast cancer was via a gynecologist in 40% (32/80). Familial breast cancers were in 0.03% (3/80) of patients. None breast cancer patients have previous histology-proven benign breast disease. The mean size of the breast cancer lump was 3.56 cm (ranged 1.0-11.0 cm). Overlying skin ulceration ( = 2), skin infiltration/peau-d'- orange ( = 2), skin tethering ( = 4), and bloody nipple discharge were found in one patient. Breast cancer was diagnosed during lactation (postnatal period) in one patient. The maximum number of patients have tumor size >5 cm (72.6%). Immunohistochemistry and pathological analysis was done on core biopsy ( = 20) and surgical procedure ( = 60). Modified radical mastectomy was done in 52, breast conservative surgery with Sentinal Lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection in 6, and toilet mastectomy in two patients. The predominant tumors were solid ( = 79/80), with both solid and cystic types (1/80). The solid and cystic lesion on FNAC was of C3b type, and an excision biopsy revealed medullary carcinoma of the breast. Invasive ductal carcinoma-no special type (IDC-NST) was observed to be the most common histopathologic type ( = 70/80), followed by medullary carcinoma ( = 2), metaplastic carcinoma ( = 1), papillary carcinoma ( = 4), Paget disease with DCIS ( = 1), mucinous carcinoma ( = 1), invasive lobular carcinoma ( = 1). One male patient with breast cancer and two female patient having bilateral breast cancer also have IDC-NST.Scarff Bloom Richardson Grade was predominantly graded 2 in 46.25% (37/80) of breast cancer patients (Grade 1 = 9, Grade 2 = 37, Grade 3 = 34). Lymphovascular (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) were predominantly without LVI and PVI. (Lymphovascular present and perineural invasion present = 4, Lymphovascular present and perineural invasion absent = 32, Lymphovascular absent and perineural invasion absent = 42, Lymphovascular absent and perineural invasion present = 2). Histological examination of axillary lymph nodes showed the presence of malignant cells in all. Triple-negative breast carcinoma was 26.58% (21/79). Most breast cancer presented at stage II A = 37.5% (30/80) and II B = 28.7% (23/80) of the AJCC staging system.
CONCLUSION
The clinico-epidemio and histological profile of breast cancer in Chhattisgarh is similar to other parts of India. Scarff Bloom Richardson Grade was predominantly grade 2 in 46.25% (37/80) contrary to Grade III (70%) in other series from India.
PubMed: 38024932
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2315_22 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Oct 2023The metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare malignancy with an incidence of 5% of all breast tumors. Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with mesenchymal differentiation...
The metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare malignancy with an incidence of 5% of all breast tumors. Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with mesenchymal differentiation (MCMD), previously known as carcinosarcoma, is a very rare and aggressive tumor that has been recently classified as a subtype of metaplastic breast carcinoma. It accounts for 0.08%-0.2% of all breast cancers, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Metaplastic breast carcinoma most often affects women over 50 years of age, with an average age between 55 and 60 years. We report three cases of metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation presented at our hospital. Patients were in their 4th decade. All patients presented with a fast-growing large mass and were treated surgically (mastectomy), with the final histopathological diagnosis of MCMD.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Carcinosarcoma; Mastectomy
PubMed: 38376317
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1517_21 -
Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical... 2023Metaplastic breast carcinoma is an invasive carcinoma with a high differentiation rate of the neoplastic epithelium toward mesenchymal-like epithelium. It comprises of...
Metaplastic breast carcinoma is an invasive carcinoma with a high differentiation rate of the neoplastic epithelium toward mesenchymal-like epithelium. It comprises of only less than 1% of all breast cancers. Although 80% to 90% of metaplastic breast carcinomas are triple-negative cancers, they usually have worse outcomes than other triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Metaplastic carcinoma is also often refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Here, we reported a case of a 61-year-old female patient, presenting with a solitary and pedunculated mass in the right axillary tail breast tissue, whose biopsy revealed metaplastic breast carcinoma with chondroid differentiation. She had failed neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although she received debulking surgery, the tumor regrew even faster before surgery. Despite receiving palliative chemotherapy, the patient died 11 weeks after surgery. This case draws attention to physicians that early recognition and surgery may be more beneficial than chemotherapy in combating metaplastic breast carcinoma.
PubMed: 38024140
DOI: 10.1177/11782234231215183