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Current Rheumatology Reviews 2024Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, widespread pain disorder characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, sleep deprivation, mental fog, mood swings, and headaches. Currently,... (Review)
Review
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, widespread pain disorder characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, sleep deprivation, mental fog, mood swings, and headaches. Currently, there are only three FDA-approved medications for FM patients: duloxetine, milnacipran, and pregabalin, with outcomes frequently being inadequate. This research team aims to investigate the effects of diet and lifestyle modifications on FM, with emphasis on anti-inflammatory diet, antioxidants, and gluten-free diets, as well as supplementation with Magnesium, CQ10, and Vitamin D, microbiome, sleep, exercise, and cognitive behavioral therapy. We reviewed the pathophysiology of certain foods that can be proinflammatory with the release of cytokines leading to activation of pain, fatigue and aggravation of the majority of Fibromyalgia symptoms. A literature review was performed by identifying FM articles published between 1994 and 2022 PubMed and EMBASE databases, with particular emphasis on randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis, and evidence-based treatment guidelines. This review article was completed by a comprehensive narrative review process, in which our team systematically examined relevant scientific literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the significant role that diet and other lifestyle modifications play in mediating symptoms of Fibromyalgia. We propose that diet modifications and lifestyle changes, such as sleep, exercise, and weight loss, can be important steps in managing FM.
Topics: Humans; Fibromyalgia; Diet; Life Style; Exercise
PubMed: 38279728
DOI: 10.2174/0115733971274700231226075717 -
Brain and Behavior Nov 2023Mood swings have been observed in patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA), but it is still unknown whether mood swings can affect IA.
BACKGROUND
Mood swings have been observed in patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA), but it is still unknown whether mood swings can affect IA.
AIM
To explore the causal association between mood swings or experiencing mood swings and IA through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.
METHODS
Summary-level statistics of mood swings, experiencing mood swings, IA, aneurysm-associated subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and non-ruptured IA (uIA) were collected from the genome-wide association study. Two-sample MR and various sensitivity analyses were employed to explore the causal association between mood swings or experiencing mood swings and IA, or aSAH, or uIA. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary method.
RESULTS
Genetically determined mood swings (odds ratio [OR] = 5.23, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.65-16.64, p = .005) and experiencing mood swings (OR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.37-4.57, p = .003) were causally associated with an increased risk of IA. Mood swings (OR = 5.67, 95%CI: 1.40-23.04, p = .015) and experiencing mood swings were causally associated with the risk of aSAH (OR = 2.91, 95%CI: 1.47-5.75, p = .002). Neither mood swings (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: .31-12.29, p = .478) nor experiencing mood swings (OR = 1.20, 95%CI: .48-3.03, p = .693) were associated with uIA.
CONCLUSIONS
Mood swings and experiencing mood swings increased the risk of IA and aSAH incidence. These results suggest that alleviating mood swings may reduce IA rupture incidence and aSAH incidence.
Topics: Humans; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Intracranial Aneurysm; Risk Factors; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Genome-Wide Association Study
PubMed: 37632147
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3233 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023Esophageal pressure is the closest estimate of pleural pressure. Changes in esophageal pressure reflect changes in intrathoracic pressure and affect transpulmonary... (Review)
Review
Esophageal pressure is the closest estimate of pleural pressure. Changes in esophageal pressure reflect changes in intrathoracic pressure and affect transpulmonary pressure, both of which have multiple effects on right and left ventricular performance. During passive breathing, increasing esophageal pressure is associated with lower venous return and higher right ventricular afterload and lower left ventricular afterload and oxygen consumption. In spontaneously breathing patients, negative pleural pressure swings increase venous return, while right heart afterload increases as in passive conditions; for the left ventricle, end-diastolic pressure is increased potentially favoring lung edema. Esophageal pressure monitoring represents a simple bedside method to estimate changes in pleural pressure and can advance our understanding of the cardiovascular performance of critically ill patients undergoing passive or assisted ventilation and guide physiologically personalized treatments.
PubMed: 37538376
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1221829 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023Asthma encompasses of respiratory symptoms that occur intermittently and with varying intensity accompanied by reversible expiratory airflow limitation. In acute... (Review)
Review
Asthma encompasses of respiratory symptoms that occur intermittently and with varying intensity accompanied by reversible expiratory airflow limitation. In acute exacerbations, it can be life-threatening due to its impact on ventilatory mechanics. Moreover, asthma has significant effects on the cardiovascular system, primarily through heart-lung interaction-based mechanisms. Dynamic hyperinflation and increased work of breathing caused by a sharp drop in pleural pressure, can affect cardiac function and cardiac output through different mechanisms. These mechanisms include an abrupt increase in venous return, elevated right ventricular afterload and interdependence between the left and right ventricle. Additionally, Pulsus paradoxus, which reflects the maximum consequences of this heart lung interaction when intrathoracic pressure swings are exaggerated, may serve as a convenient bedside tool to assess the severity of acute asthma acute exacerbation and its response to therapy.
PubMed: 37781226
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1232345 -
Cureus Oct 2023This conversation with ChatGPT explores the use of lithium in pregnancy for bipolar disorder, a topic of significant importance in psychiatry. Bipolar disorder is...
This conversation with ChatGPT explores the use of lithium in pregnancy for bipolar disorder, a topic of significant importance in psychiatry. Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings, and its prevalence varies globally. ChatGPT provides valuable information on bipolar disorder, its prevalence, age of onset, and gender differences. It also discusses the use of lithium during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for individualized decisions, close monitoring, and potential risks and benefits. However, it is essential to note that ChatGPT's responses lack specific references, raising concerns about the reliability of the information provided. Further research is needed to quantify the correctness and dependability of ChatGPT-generated answers in the healthcare context.
PubMed: 37933339
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46548 -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2023Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by extreme mood swings ranging from manic/hypomanic to depressive episodes. The severity, duration, and frequency of these... (Review)
Review
Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by extreme mood swings ranging from manic/hypomanic to depressive episodes. The severity, duration, and frequency of these episodes can vary widely between individuals, significantly impacting quality of life. Individuals with BD spend almost half their lives experiencing mood symptoms, especially depression, as well as associated clinical dimensions such as anhedonia, fatigue, suicidality, anxiety, and neurovegetative symptoms. Persistent mood symptoms have been associated with premature mortality, accelerated aging, and elevated prevalence of treatment-resistant depression. Recent efforts have expanded our understanding of the neurobiology of BD and the downstream targets that may help track clinical outcomes and drug development. However, as a polygenic disorder, the neurobiology of BD is complex and involves biological changes in several organelles and downstream targets (pre-, post-, and extra-synaptic), including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, altered monoaminergic and glutamatergic systems, lower neurotrophic factor levels, and changes in immune-inflammatory systems. The field has thus moved toward identifying more precise neurobiological targets that, in turn, may help develop personalized approaches and more reliable biomarkers for treatment prediction. Diverse pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches targeting neurobiological pathways other than neurotransmission have also been tested in mood disorders. This article reviews different neurobiological targets and pathophysiological findings in non-canonical pathways in BD that may offer opportunities to support drug development and identify new, clinically relevant biological mechanisms. These include: neuroinflammation; mitochondrial function; calcium channels; oxidative stress; the glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) pathway; protein kinase C (PKC); brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); histone deacetylase (HDAC); and the purinergic signaling pathway.
PubMed: 37592949
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1228455 -
BJPsych Open Apr 2024Many studies have found an association between mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis and adenomyosis. However, the cause-effect relationship remains unclear.
BACKGROUND
Many studies have found an association between mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis and adenomyosis. However, the cause-effect relationship remains unclear.
AIMS
We conducted Mendelian randomisation analyses to evaluate any causal relationship between mood disorders and endometriosis as well as different sites of endometriosis.
METHOD
Summary-level statistics for mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis (8288 cases, 68 969 controls) in European populations were derived from large-scale data-sets of genome-wide association studies. A two-sample Mendelian randomisation was performed using the inverse-variance weighted and weight median methods. Further sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy and leave-one-out analyses, were conducted to test the consistency of the results.
RESULTS
Genetically determined mood swings (odds ratio = 2.557, 95% CI: 1.192-5.483, = 0.016) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.233, 95% CI: 1.019-1.493, = 0.031) were causally associated with an increased risk of endometriosis. Mood swings (odds ratio = 4.238, 95% CI: 1.194-15.048, = 0.025) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.512, 95% CI: 1.052-2.173, = 0.025) were also causally associated with the risk of adenomyosis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the results.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that mood-disorder-related traits increase the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. This study provides new insights into the potential pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis, and highlights the importance of preventing endometriosis and adenomyosis in patients with mood-disorder-related traits.
PubMed: 38622955
DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.46 -
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Apr 2024Teenagers have a reputation for being fickle, in both their choices and their moods. This variability may help adolescents as they begin to independently navigate novel... (Review)
Review
Teenagers have a reputation for being fickle, in both their choices and their moods. This variability may help adolescents as they begin to independently navigate novel environments. Recently, however, adolescent moodiness has also been linked to psychopathology. Here, we consider adolescents' mood swings from a novel computational perspective, grounded in reinforcement learning (RL). This model proposes that mood is determined by surprises about outcomes in the environment, and how much we learn from these surprises. It additionally suggests that mood biases learning and choice in a bidirectional manner. Integrating independent lines of research, we sketch a cognitive-computational account of how adolescents' mood, learning, and choice dynamics influence each other, with implications for normative and psychopathological development.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Mood Disorders; Affect; Reinforcement, Psychology; Cognition
PubMed: 38503636
DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.02.006