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BMC Microbiology Dec 2023Musca domestica larvae are common saprophytes in nature, promoting the material-energy cycle in the environment. However, heavy metal pollution in the environment...
BACKGROUND
Musca domestica larvae are common saprophytes in nature, promoting the material-energy cycle in the environment. However, heavy metal pollution in the environment negatively affects their function in material circulation. Our previous research found that some intestinal bacteria play an important role in the development of housefly, but the responses of microbial community to heavy metal stresses in Musca domestica is less studied.
RESULTS
In this study, CuSO, CuSO-Klebsiella pneumoniae mixture and CuSO-K. pneumoniae phage mixture were added to the larval diet to analyze whether K. pneumoniae can protect housefly larvae against Cu injury. Our results showed that larval development was inhibited when were fed with CuSO, the bacterial abundance of Providencia in the intestine of larvae increased. However, the inhibition effects of CuSO was relieved when K. pneumoniae mixed and added in larval diets, the abundance of Providencia decreased. Electron microscope results revealed that K. pneumoniae showed an obvious adsorption effect on copper ion in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results we assume that K. pneumoniae could adsorb Cu, reduce Cu impact on gut community structure. Our study explains the role of K. pneumoniae antagonizing Cu, which could be applied as a probiotic to saprophytic bioantagonistic metal contamination.
Topics: Animals; Copper; Houseflies; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Larva; Metals, Heavy; Providencia; Intestines
PubMed: 38049761
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03082-7 -
Insects Mar 2024Stable flies, , stand as formidable pests with a global impact, inflicting significant economic losses on the livestock sector. Larval development occurs in diverse...
Stable flies, , stand as formidable pests with a global impact, inflicting significant economic losses on the livestock sector. Larval development occurs in diverse substrates, including decomposing plant material and manure, while emerged adults pose a threat through blood-feeding on both animals and humans. Conventional chemical control methods, predominantly reliant on insecticides, not only pose environmental risks but also face challenges of resistance among stable fly populations. To address this pressing issue, we propose an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy for stable fly control. This approach involved a combination of sanitary-cultural practices, animal protection, the release of natural enemies targeting immature stages, and a specialized trapping system for adults. The Stomoxycc trap, designed for mass trapping of adult , was employed alongside the release of the predatory mite and two wasp parasitoids, and (under the commercial brands Biomite and Biowasp) on animal bedding as a key component of this IPM strategy. The implementation of this initiative has been undertaken at a significant sanctuary for donkeys and mules in western Spain. In this publication, we present the application and results of the IPM strategy utilized and provide insights into its use as a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for controlling stable fly populations.
PubMed: 38667353
DOI: 10.3390/insects15040222 -
Microbial Ecology Jan 2024The house fly is known to be a vector of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in animal farms. It is also possible that the house fly contributes to the spread of ARB and...
The house fly is known to be a vector of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in animal farms. It is also possible that the house fly contributes to the spread of ARB and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among various environments. We hypothesized that ARB and ARGs present in marine fish and fishery food may gain access to humans via the house fly. We show herein that pAQU1, a marine bacterial ARG-bearing plasmid, persists in the house fly intestine for 5 days after fly ingestion of marine bacteria. In the case of Escherichia coli bearing the same plasmid, the persistence period exceeded 7 days. This interval is sufficient for transmission to human environments, meaning that the house fly is capable of serving as a vector of marine-derived ARGs. Time course monitoring of the house fly intestinal microflora showed that the initial microflora was occupied abundantly with Enterobacteriaceae. Experimentally ingested bacteria dominated the intestinal environment immediately following ingestion; however, after 72 h, the intestinal microflora recovered to resemble that observed at baseline, when diverse genera of Enterobacteriaceae were seen. Given that pAQU1 in marine bacteria and E. coli were detected in fly excrement (defined here as any combination of feces and regurgitated material) at 7 days post-bacterial ingestion, we hypothesize that the house fly may serve as a vector for transmission of ARGs from marine items and fish to humans via contamination with fly excrement.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Houseflies; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Escherichia coli; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Bacteria; Enterobacteriaceae; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 38191744
DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02341-4 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024With the global population on the rise, an escalating interest exists in environmentally sustainable and friendly protein sources. Insects have emerged as multifaceted...
With the global population on the rise, an escalating interest exists in environmentally sustainable and friendly protein sources. Insects have emerged as multifaceted resources, viewed not only as potential food items, but also as sources of traditional medicines and proteins. This study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) to ascertain the optimal extraction conditions for proteins from used in toad feeding, denoted as MDPs-T. The yield of MDPs-T was elevated to 18.3% ± 0.2% under these optimized conditions. Subsequently, the particle size, ζ-potentials, and structures of MDPs-T were analyzed and compared with the proteins derived from fed on a normal diet (MDPs-ND). This comparative analysis utilized a range of advanced techniques, involving UV spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The outcomes have revealed a marginal disparity in the physical and chemical properties between MDPs-T and MDPs-ND. Derosination led to a reduction in the particle size of the MDPs by 10.98% to 62.81%. MDPs-T exhibited a higher proportion of low-molecular-weight components relative to MDPs-ND. Additionally, in a comparative analysis of amino acids, MDPs-T displayed a greater abundance of essential and total amino acids relative to MDPs-ND. Consequently, MDPs-T holds potential as a valuable food supplement for human consumption or as a nutrient-rich feed supplement for animals.
Topics: Animals; Houseflies; Insect Proteins; Larva; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Bufonidae; X-Ray Diffraction; Particle Size; Animal Feed
PubMed: 38893470
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112595