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Cureus Nov 2023Corticosteroid-induced myopathy is the most common drug-induced myopathy and could appear during the treatment of diseases where corticosteroids are the mainstay of...
Corticosteroid-induced myopathy is the most common drug-induced myopathy and could appear during the treatment of diseases where corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. We present a clinical case of a patient treated with corticosteroids who presented with proximal muscle weakness, myalgias, marked elevation of muscle enzymes, and acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis. The definitive diagnosis was only possible through a muscle biopsy.
PubMed: 38156153
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49548 -
British Medical Bulletin Sep 2023Long COVID is a chronic condition that follows after acute COVID-19 and is characterized by a wide range of persistent, cyclic symptoms. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Long COVID is a chronic condition that follows after acute COVID-19 and is characterized by a wide range of persistent, cyclic symptoms.
SOURCES OF DATA
PubMed search for publications featuring 'Long COVID' or 'post-acute sequelae of COVID-19'.
AREAS OF AGREEMENT
Long COVID occurs frequently post-acute COVID-19, with a majority of people experiencing at least one symptom (such as cough, fatigue, myalgia, anosmia and dyspnoea) 4 weeks after infection.
AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
The specific symptoms and the minimum duration of symptoms required to be defined as Long COVID.
GROWING POINTS
There is a consistent reduction in Long COVID incidence amongst vaccinated individuals, although the extent of this effect remains unclear.
AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH
There is an urgent need to understand the causes of Long COVID, especially extreme fatigue more than 6 months after infection. We must understand who is at risk and whether reinfections similarly risk Long COVID.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Disease Progression; Fatigue; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
PubMed: 37434326
DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldad016 -
Frontiers in Pain Research (Lausanne,... 2023Mastication myalgia is the most common cause of non-odontogenic pain in the orofacial region and is often associated with a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this... (Review)
Review
Mastication myalgia is the most common cause of non-odontogenic pain in the orofacial region and is often associated with a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical aspects of myalgia based on available research. The review includes epidemiological, diagnostic, and etiological aspects. In addition, the potential risk factors related to the transition from acute to chronic myalgia are explored and treatment strategies are presented for its management. As a result, this review may increase clinical knowledge about mastication myalgia and clarify strategies regarding prevention, diagnostics, and management to improve prognosis and reduce patient suffering.
PubMed: 38264542
DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1306475 -
International Cancer Conference Journal Jul 2023After a 75-year-old man was diagnosed with lung cancer, proximal weakness and myalgia in the bilateral lower extremities developed, and the creatinine kinase (CK) level...
After a 75-year-old man was diagnosed with lung cancer, proximal weakness and myalgia in the bilateral lower extremities developed, and the creatinine kinase (CK) level was elevated. The anti-Mi-2 antibody test was positive, muscle T2-weighted/fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging showed high intensity, and there were no skin lesions. Therefore, he was diagnosed with lung cancer-associated polymyositis (PM). The lung tumour shrank after chemotherapy, accompanied by gradual improvement of his PM-derived symptoms and CK level. Although positive anti-Mi-2 antibody tests rarely indicate PM and cancer, examining myositis-specific autoantibodies, including anti-Mi-2, should be considered if the CK level increases after a cancer diagnosis.
PubMed: 37251005
DOI: 10.1007/s13691-023-00601-1 -
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... 2023Gout arthritis is an inflammatory condition that occurs suddenly in joints affected by high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia). The uric acid levels in this disease... (Review)
Review
Gout arthritis is an inflammatory condition that occurs suddenly in joints affected by high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia). The uric acid levels in this disease fluctuate throughout its various phases, resulting in frequent or recurrent attacks. This study aims to review some aspects of gout arthritis, such as its pathophysiology, treatment goals, and adverse drug reactions. This study employs review literature using articles published between 2017 and 2022 as the research methodology. Furthermore, articles under 2017 are used as references if they are relevant to the study's subject matter. The findings showed the importance of the pathogenesis of inflammation in the treatment of gout arthritis. It is also recommended to use anti-inflammatories such as colchicine and uric acid-lowering medications starting at a specific time to prevent unintended risks. Hence, pharmacotherapy management's adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, myalgia, neuropathy, and stomach pain.
PubMed: 37691999
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_144_23 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023The musculoskeletal toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is receiving increasing attention with clinical experience. Nevertheless, the absence of a...
The musculoskeletal toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is receiving increasing attention with clinical experience. Nevertheless, the absence of a systematic investigation into the musculoskeletal toxicity profile of ICIs currently results in the under-recognition of associated adverse events. Further and more comprehensive investigations are warranted to delineate the musculoskeletal toxicity profile of ICIs and characterize these adverse events. The present study employed the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database to collect adverse events between January 2010 and March 2021. We utilized both the reporting odds ratio and the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network algorithms to identify suspected musculoskeletal adverse events induced by ICIs. Subsequently, the clinical characteristics and comorbidities of the major musculoskeletal adverse events were analyzed. The risk of causing these events with combination therapy monotherapy was compared using logistic regression model and Ω shrinkage measure model. The musculoskeletal toxicity induced by ICIs primarily involves muscle tissue, including neuromuscular junctions, fascia, tendons, and tendon sheaths, as well as joints, spine, and bones, including cartilage. The toxicity profile of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors varies, wherein the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab exhibits a heightened overall risk of inducing musculoskeletal adverse events. The major ICIs-induce musculoskeletal adverse events, encompassing conditions such as myositis, neuromyopathy (including myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy), arthritis, fractures, myelitis, spinal stenosis, Sjogren's syndrome, fasciitis, tenosynovitis, rhabdomyolysis, rheumatoid myalgia, and chondrocalcinosis. Our study provides clinical characteristics and comorbidities of the major ICIs-induced musculoskeletal adverse events. Furthermore, the combination therapy of nivolumab and ipilimumab does not result in a statistically significant escalation of the risk associated with the major musculoskeletal adverse events. Immune checkpoint inhibitors administration triggers a range of musculoskeletal adverse events, warranting the optimization of their management during clinical practice.
PubMed: 37881181
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199031