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Journal of Dental Sciences Oct 2023Pemphigus and pemphigoid are systemic bullous autoimmune diseases affecting skin and/or mucosal membranes with the life-threatening nature, especially pemphigus...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Pemphigus and pemphigoid are systemic bullous autoimmune diseases affecting skin and/or mucosal membranes with the life-threatening nature, especially pemphigus vulgaris. The papers published by dermatologists and stomatologists preferentially represent their concerns of a mucocutaneous disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The objective of this study was to compare the scientometric characteristics of pemphigus and pemphigoid publications by dermatologists and stomatologists in the Scopus database.
RESULTS
There are 9276 and 760 papers published by dermatologists and stomatologists, respectively. The annual number of the publications by dermatologists stably raised from 218 to 526 during 2007-2022; while the number by stomatologists raised with a small amount from 18 to 51 during this period. For the most-cited top-200 papers, the total citation count is 42,766 and the index is 148 for pemphigus publications by dermatologists; whereas the count is 14,689 and index is 63 for publications by stomatologists. Notably, first signs of pemphigus often appear in oral mucosa, manifesting as erythema, blisters, as well as mouth ulcer, gingivitis, lichen planus-like pemphigus.
CONCLUSION
This study firstly reports the scientometric characteristics of pemphigus publications by dermatologists and stomatologists. The scale and citations of dermatologists' publications greatly outweigh stomatologists' ones, suggesting stomatologists can learn from and more cooperate with dermatologists regarding pemphigus research.
PubMed: 37799900
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.04.011 -
European Review For Medical and... Sep 2023The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate complete blood count parameters in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) who present with oral ulcers and...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate complete blood count parameters in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) who present with oral ulcers and patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in order to determine whether they could be used as discriminatory biomarkers.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This study was conducted between January 2019 and January 2023. The study population consisted of three groups: patients with BD who had oral ulcer manifestation (n=85, BD-Group), patients with idiopathic RAS (n=186, RAS-Group) and healthy controls (n=90, HC-Group). All data about participants, on their first application, including sociodemographic and clinical data, comorbidity status, laboratory results were collected retrospectively from the hospital computer records and patients' charts.
RESULTS
The groups were similar in terms of age (p=0.235) and sex distribution (p=0.450). Mean platelet volume (MPV) and plateletcrit values of the BD-Group were significantly lower, while platelet distribution width (PDW) was significantly higher, compared to the other two groups (p<0.001 for all). Low MPV (<9.15) (56.47% sensitivity and 90.86% specificity), high PDW (≥15.75) (75.00% sensitivity and 94.96% specificity) and low plateletcrit (<0.237) (55.29% sensitivity and 79.46% specificity) could significantly distinguish BD patients with oral ulcer onset from patients with RAS.
CONCLUSIONS
PDW, MPV, and plateletcrit may be useful biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcers when distinguishing between BD and RAS. However, these results need to be supported by further comprehensive studies.
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Behcet Syndrome; Oral Ulcer; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37782165
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33774 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024This study investigates the efficacy of a thermo-responsive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) hydrogel on wound healing and oral ulcer recovery. Formulated by combining NAC with...
This study investigates the efficacy of a thermo-responsive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) hydrogel on wound healing and oral ulcer recovery. Formulated by combining NAC with methylcellulose, the hydrogel's properties were assessed for temperature-induced gelation and cell viability using human fibroblast cells. In vivo experiments on Sprague Dawley rats compared the hydrogel's effects against saline, NAC solution, and a commercial NAC product. Results show that a 5% NAC and 1% methylcellulose solution exhibited optimal outcomes. While modest improvements in wound healing were observed, significant enhancements were noted in oral ulcer recovery, with histological analyses indicating fully regenerated mucosal tissue. The study concludes that modifying viscosity enhances NAC retention, facilitating tissue regeneration. These findings support previous research on the beneficial effects of antioxidant application on damaged tissues, suggesting the potential of NAC hydrogels in improving wound care and oral ulcer treatment.
Topics: Wound Healing; Acetylcysteine; Animals; Rats; Humans; Hydrogels; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Oral Ulcer; Regeneration; Fibroblasts; Male; Temperature; Cell Survival
PubMed: 38732054
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094835 -
Cureus Jul 2023Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a dreaded hypersensitivity reaction and a rare immune disorder. We present a Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by herbal kadha, which...
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a dreaded hypersensitivity reaction and a rare immune disorder. We present a Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by herbal kadha, which may be the first case. A ten-year-old boy presented with massive sloughing, redness, oedematous skin, an oral ulcer, and an inability to feed or drink for two days. The present symptoms started after 12 hours of consuming herbal Kadha, given by a private practitioner in clinics where he was treated for fever. After not responding to earlier treatment, the patient was referred to the present Institute. The patient had a history of seizure disorder and had been on tablet phenytoin for seven months with no history of adverse reactions to it. He was treated in the intensive care unit. Fortunately, he responded to treatment and recovered fully. He received treatment in the form of immunoglobulin and steroids. Phenytoin and herbal kadha were withdrawn, and Clobazam was continued. Natural herbal medicines can develop severe adverse effects. Physicians should remain aware that drug interactions can likely be seen with drugs with a narrow therapeutic index combined with herbal preparations. Clinicians should do more research on the interaction between herbal and prescription medications.
PubMed: 37637620
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42407 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Observational studies have identified a strong association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hormone levels related to oral inflammatory diseases. To better...
BACKGROUND
Observational studies have identified a strong association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hormone levels related to oral inflammatory diseases. To better understand the relationship between them, we conducted an analysis using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
METHODS
We gathered summary statistical data from previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on PCOS and three sex hormones (AMH, Estradiol, LH) along with four oral inflammatory diseases (painful gums, loose teeth, mouth ulcers, and toothache). We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables and employed four types of MR analysis methods to evaluate causal relationships between exposure and outcome. Finally, the robustness of our results was further validated through sensitivity tests and reverse MR.
RESULTS
We observed that PCOS could increase the risk of mouth ulcers (= 1.0013, 1.0001-1.0025, = 0.0278), painful gums (= 1.0015, 95%CI:1.0003-1.0027, = 0.0163), and loose teeth (= 1.0014, 1.0001-1.0027, = 0.0328). Moreover, LH was also found to increase the risk of mouth ulcers (= 1.0031, 0.0001-1.0062, = 0.0457). MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and WE indicated similar results. Additionally, we discovered no causal link between PCOS and toothache (>0.05), LH and painful gums, loose teeth, or toothache (>0.05), or AMH and Estradiol level with any of the four oral diseases (>0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our research provides new insights and references for exploring the effects of PCOS and related hormones on oral inflammatory lesions. For patients with PCOS, especially those with elevated LH levels, early intervention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of oral inflammatory diseases.
Topics: Female; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Toothache; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Estradiol
PubMed: 38264282
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1282056 -
Oral Cancer Awareness Among Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Dental Students and Interns.Cureus Sep 2023Dentists have a very important role in the early diagnosis of oral cancer premalignancy. This aspect of dental practice requires an adequate level of knowledge.
BACKGROUND
Dentists have a very important role in the early diagnosis of oral cancer premalignancy. This aspect of dental practice requires an adequate level of knowledge.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate dental students and dental interns about early diagnosis and risk factors of oral cancer.
METHODS
The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dental College, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia. Fourth-year and fifth-year students and dental interns were enrolled in the study. The participants were recruited using a convenient, non-probability sampling method. A total of 103 participants filled out a close-ended, online questionnaire. We used descriptive and analytical statistics to analyze the responses to the questionnaire.
RESULTS
The level of general knowledge was moderate (67%). More than half of the participants gave complete responses to questions related to early signs of oral cancer (67%), risk factors (54%), risk sites (75%), treatment plans for leukoplakia (66%), and unhealed ulcer management (58%). We found significant associations between the correct responses and the year of the study regarding early signs of oral cancer (p=0.0001), high malignant potential lesions (p=0.00001), and chronic unhealed ulcer management (p=0.015). Conclusion: A more satisfactory level of awareness is needed among future dentists, to prevent missing patients undiagnosed with early oral cancerous lesions during routine screening. Consequently, upgrading theoretical curricula, clinical experience, and post-graduate participation in cancer prevention programs is highly recommended.
PubMed: 37908924
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46280 -
BMC Oral Health Oct 2023Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is painful oral ulceration frequently treated with topical steroids. There is limited published evidence for the efficacy of any... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is painful oral ulceration frequently treated with topical steroids. There is limited published evidence for the efficacy of any treatment for RAS and there remains a need for longitudinal randomised clinical trials to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different therapies in the management of RAS. The aim of the current project was to assess the efficacy of betamethasone mouthwash and colchicine tablets, individually and combined, for the treatment of RAS, and to establish the optimum treatment period necessary for a significant reduction in the disease severity.
METHODOLOGY
A randomised, prospective, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted over one year, to compare the efficacy of three therapies in RAS. One hundred and six patients were randomized into three groups; 35 received betamethasone mouthwash, 35 had colchicine tablets and 36 received both therapies. The response was evaluated quantitatively every 3 months for 1 year, using the Ulcer Severity Score (USS).
RESULTS
For all three treatment regimes, the mean USS decreased by about 30% in the first 3 months (p < 0.001). Further improvement was noted for up to 9 months. At the end of the study, the mean USS had improved by 50% from 34.9 ± 7.2 before treatment to 17.5 ± 8.9 after treatment (p < 0.001). Of included participants, 86% showed significant clinical improvement by the end of the study. There were no significant differences in outcomes between the three regimes (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This clinical trial has provided evidence for the efficacy of betamethasone mouthwash and for colchicine tablets in the treatment of RAS and has shown that at least six months of treatment may be required for optimum effect.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ISRCTN3267716. Date of clinical trial registration: 15/04/2018.
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Colchicine; Mouthwashes; Prospective Studies; Betamethasone
PubMed: 37789351
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03335-x -
Intensive & Critical Care Nursing Feb 2024To describe published work on the current situation of mucosal membrane pressure injury of patients in the intensive care unit. (Review)
Review
AIM
To describe published work on the current situation of mucosal membrane pressure injury of patients in the intensive care unit.
BACKGROUND
Device-related pressure injuries in critically ill patients are mostly focused on skin surface injuries, and less attention is paid to mucosal membrane pressure injury.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library from database construction until March 1, 2023. Two researchers independently screened and extracted data.
RESULTS
Eighteen articles met our criteria and were published in 2014-2023. The included studies showed that the incidence of mucosal membrane pressure injury in critically ill patients ranged from 0.83% to 88.2%, and the prevalence ranged from 0.16% to 55.6%. The most frequently reported site of mucosal injury is the oral mucosa, followed by the nasal mucosa. Ten studies used Braden to assess the risk of mucosal membrane pressure injury, and only six studies reported specific stages of mucosal membrane pressure injury. Thirteen studies described 30 risk factors for mucosal membrane pressure injury, with albumin being the most frequently reported risk factor, followed by the vasoconstrictive drugs use. Thirty risk factors were summarized in six aspects: medical device-related factors, disease-related factors, treatment- related factors, physiological and biochemical parameters, demographic-related factors, and microbial colonisation.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence or prevalence of mucosal membrane pressure injury varies widely, and specific risk assessment tools and standardized staging criteria need to be further determined. The risk factors of mucosal membrane pressure injury involve multiple aspects, and some risk factors have only been explored in few studies and need to be further verified, in order to detect the risk group of mucosal membrane pressure injury early and take targeted preventive measures.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE
We synthesized the current research status of mucosal membrane pressure injury in critically ill patients, which can provide a valuable reference for the clinical staff to develop preventive and management measures for such patients.
Topics: Humans; Pressure Ulcer; Critical Illness; Intensive Care Units; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37918080
DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103560 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Dec 2023Through awareness campaigns, we can change the patient's abilities to detect oral cancer at an early stage and their ability to seek help. To focus these campaigns, we...
OBJECTIVE
Through awareness campaigns, we can change the patient's abilities to detect oral cancer at an early stage and their ability to seek help. To focus these campaigns, we need to know the level of knowledge of the population and its interest in learning about this disease. The aim of this study was to assess the level of oral cancer awareness in Asturias and the interest of the population in learning about this pathology.
METHODS
A representative community-based survey was carried out online using Google Forms®. Responses were transferred to a Microsoft Excel and analysed using the R-program. The relationship between two qualitative variables was studied using Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine which factors are associated with knowledge of oral cancer.
RESULT
We found that those having over 50 years and being health professionals are more likely to know about the existence of oral cancer. Almost 85.1% of participants mentioned tobacco as a risk factor, only 39.8% identified alcohol. The ulcer was the most frequently recognized alarm sign (70.6%). The primary care physician was chosen as the first option for consultation by the 56.5% of the sample. Only 12.4% of the participants reported knowing how to self-examine their mouth. The number of views of a video of how-to self-inspection oral cavity displayed at the end of the questionnaire increased in a 39.38% during our study period.
CONCLUSION
This survey showed a worrying lack of awareness and knowledge about oral cancer among the population of Asturias, especially among those under 50 years old. The interest shown in increasing their knowledge, give us hope in the success of future awareness campaigns.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Mouth Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Use
PubMed: 38156847
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.12.4127 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Oct 2023Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by vasculitis as the basic pathological change. BD is rare, and gastrointestinal involvement occurs in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by vasculitis as the basic pathological change. BD is rare, and gastrointestinal involvement occurs in 3% to 25% of affected patients. This article describes a rare case of intestinal BD along with a literature review of intestinal involvement in BD.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 50-year-old Han woman from China presented with a > 6-month history of distending pain in the right upper abdomen. Because of mechanical obstruction secondary to stricture formation from an ileocecal ulcer, she underwent radical right colon resection, and postoperative pathologic examination indicated an ileocecal ulcer. The patient was readmitted to the hospital 6 months postoperatively for recurrence of the same symptoms. Colonoscopy indicated obvious narrowing of the anastomosis with an oval-shaped deep ulcer that could not be passed by the endoscope. Pathologic examination showed acute and chronic inflammation of the anastomotic mucosa and granulation tissue. In addition, gastroscopy showed a 3.0- × 4.0-cm giant ulcer at the junction of the descending bulb along with a sinus tract. Moreover, total gastrointestinal computed tomography angiography showed significant thickening of the intestinal wall near the transverse colon, forming a sinus tract at the junction of the antrum and duodenum with a length of about 1.3 cm and width of about 0.2 cm. Further inquiry regarding the patient's medical history revealed that she had developed repeated oral ulcers 3 years previously and repeated eye inflammation 5 years previously. Specimens of the right half of the colon removed 6 months previously were sent to Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University for consultation. The pathologic examination revealed vasculitis in the submucosa and subserosa, and the patient was finally diagnosed with BD. She began treatment with adalimumab, and repeat gastroenteroscopy revealed that the intestinal ulcer had significantly improved.
CONCLUSIONS
An oval-shaped deep intestinal ulcer is a characteristic lesion in patients with BD and may involve the intestinal muscle layer. This case emphasizes that BD is a vasculitis affecting multiple organs and can present with a single, deep, clean-edged intestinal ulcer that penetrates the bowel wall to form a sinus tract. Therefore, careful examination and differential diagnosis should be carried out to prevent a poor prognosis. Adalimumab is effective for patients with intestinal BD.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Behcet Syndrome; Ulcer; Adalimumab; Intestinal Diseases; Inflammation; Vasculitis
PubMed: 37798676
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04148-w