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Environmental Research May 2024Pesticide exposure has been linked to some autoimmune diseases and colorectal cancer, possibly via alteration of gut microbiota or other mechanisms. While pesticides...
BACKGROUND
Pesticide exposure has been linked to some autoimmune diseases and colorectal cancer, possibly via alteration of gut microbiota or other mechanisms. While pesticides have been linked to gut dysbiosis and inflammation in animal models, few epidemiologic studies have examined pesticides in relation to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
OBJECTIVES
We evaluated use of pesticides and incident IBD in 68,480 eligible pesticide applicators and spouses enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study.
METHODS
Self-reported IBD cases were identified from follow-up questionnaires between enrollment (1993-1997) and 2022. We evaluated IBD incidence in relation to self-reported ever use of 50 pesticides among applicators and spouses. We also explored associations with intensity-weighted lifetime days (IWLD) of pesticide use among male applicators. Covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox regression.
RESULTS
We identified 454 IBD cases, including 227 among male applicators. In analyses with applicators and spouses combined, associations were positive (HR > 1.2) for ever vs. never use of five organochlorine insecticides, three organophosphate insecticides, one fungicide, and five herbicides. HRs were highest for dieldrin (HR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.44), toxaphene (HR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.17, 2.21), parathion (HR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.95), and terbufos (HR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.96). We had limited power in many IWLD of pesticide use analyses and did not find clear evidence of exposure-response trends; however, we observed elevated HRs in all tertiles of IWLD use of terbufos compared to never use (T1 vs. never use HR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.24; T2 vs. never use HR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.26; T3 vs. never use HR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.23).
CONCLUSIONS
Exposure to specific pesticides was associated with elevated hazards of IBD. These findings may have public health importance given the widespread use of pesticides and the limited number of known modifiable environmental risk factors for IBD.
Topics: Humans; Male; Pesticides; Middle Aged; Female; Occupational Exposure; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Spouses; Adult; Aged; Farmers; Incidence; Iowa; Agriculture
PubMed: 38354883
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118464 -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Jun 2024An electrochemical (EC) sensor based on metalloporphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) for the detection of parathion-methyl (PM) has been developed. The prepared...
An electrochemical (EC) sensor based on metalloporphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) for the detection of parathion-methyl (PM) has been developed. The prepared MOF-525(Fe) exhibits great signal enhancement toward the electrochemical detection of PM owing to its unique structural properties and electrochemical activities. Under optimal experimental conditions, the as-prepared MOF-525(Fe) based EC sensor exhibited excellent PM sensing performance with a wide linear detection range (0.1 μM-100 μM) and low limit of detection (LOD, 1.4 nM). Compared to its corresponding Fe metalloporphyrin (linker), MOF-525(Fe) exhibited a superior sensitivity (28.31 μA cm·μM), which is 3.7 times higher than the sensitivity of FeTCPP linker (7.56 μA cm·μM) towards PM. The improved performance is associated with the high specific surface area and the large pore channels of MOF-525(Fe) facilitating a better interaction between PM and the Fe metalloporphyrin active sites, especially in the lower concentration range. Moreover, a possible affinity of the PM molecules toward Zr clusters may also contribute to the selective enrichment of PM on MOF-525(Fe). This EC sensor further demonstrated high selectivity in the presence of interfering molecules. The recovery results further confirm accurate PM sensing in actual samples, which suggests promising applications for the rapid detection of environmental organophosphates by metalloporphyrin MOFs.
PubMed: 38909444
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116515 -
Food Chemistry Jul 2024The unreasonable use of organophosphorus pesticides leads to excessive pesticide residues in food, seriously threatening public health, and the potential of...
The unreasonable use of organophosphorus pesticides leads to excessive pesticide residues in food, seriously threatening public health, and the potential of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology, incorporating a metal-organic framework, is substantial for the rapid detection of trace pesticide residues. Here, a novel FeO@NH-MIL-101(Fe)@Ag (FNMA) SERS nanosensor was developed. Results indicated that the FNMA had a high enhancement factor of 1.53 × 10, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 4.55 × 10 M, and a relative standard deviation of 7.73 % for 4-nitrothiophenol, demonstrating its good SERS sensitivity and uniformity, and also possessed good storage stability for one month. In quantifying fenthion and methyl parathion in standard solutions and apple juice in the range of 0.05/0.02-20 mg/L, it showed LODs of 3.02 × 10 mg/L and 1.43 × 10 mg/L, and 0.0407 and 0.0075 mg/L, respectively, demonstrating potentials in ultrasensitive trace detection of pesticides in food.
Topics: Pesticides; Malus; Pesticide Residues; Organophosphorus Compounds; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Fruit; Magnetic Phenomena; Metal Nanoparticles
PubMed: 38460279
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138846 -
ACS Omega Dec 2023Exfoliated kaolinite nanosheets (EXK) and their hybridization with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/EXK) were evaluated as potential-enhanced adsorbents of methyl parathion (MP)...
Advanced Equilibrium Modeling for the Synergetic Effect of β-Cyclodextrin Integration on the Adsorption Efficiency of Methyl Parathion by β-Cyclodextrin/Exfoliated Kaolinite Nanocomposite.
Exfoliated kaolinite nanosheets (EXK) and their hybridization with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/EXK) were evaluated as potential-enhanced adsorbents of methyl parathion (MP) in synergetic investigations to determine the effects of the different modification procedures. The adsorption behaviors were described on the basis of the energetic steric and energetic factors of the specific advanced equilibrium models (monolayer model of one energy). The functionalization process with β-CD enhanced the adsorption behaviors of MP considerably to 350.6 mg/g in comparison to EXK (291.7 mg/g) and natural kaolinite (K) (244.7 mg/g). The steric studies revealed a remarkable improvement in the quantities of the existing receptors after exfoliation ( = 134.4 mg/g) followed by β-CD hybridization ( = 162.3 mg/g) as compared to K (75.7 mg/g), which was reflected in the determined adsorption capacities of MP. Additionally, each active free site of β-CD/EXK can adsorb about 3 molecules of MP, which occur in a vertical orientation by types of multimolecular mechanisms. The energetic investigations of Gaussian energy (<8.6 kJ/mol) and adsorption energy (<40 kJ/mol) validate the physical adsorption of MP, which might involve the cooperation of dipole bonding forces, van der Waals, and hydrogen bonding. The properties and entropy values, free enthalpy, and intern energy as the investigated thermodynamic functions declared the exothermic and spontaneous behaviors of the MP adsorption.
PubMed: 38144066
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07088 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023An unprecedented photocatalyst, SmEuSbO, was successfully fabricated in this paper, through a high-temperature solid-state calcination method, which represented its...
An unprecedented photocatalyst, SmEuSbO, was successfully fabricated in this paper, through a high-temperature solid-state calcination method, which represented its first ever synthesis. Additionally, using the solvothermal method, the SmEuSbO/ZnBiSbO heterojunction photocatalyst (SZHP) was fabricated, marking its debut in this study. XRD analysis confirmed that both SmEuSbO and ZnBiSbO exhibited pyrochlore-type crystal structures with a cubic lattice, belonging to the Fd3m space group. The crystal cell parameter was determined to be 10.5682 Å or 10.2943 Å for SmEuSbO or ZnBiSbO, respectively. The band gap width measured for SmEuSbO or ZnBiSbO was 2.73 eV or 2.61 eV, respectively. Under visible light irradiation for 150 min (VLTI-150 min), SZHP exhibited remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving 100% removal of parathion methyl (PM) concentration and 99.45% removal of total organic carbon (TOC) concentration. The kinetic constant () for PM degradation and visible light illumination treatment was determined to be 0.0206 min, with a similar constant of 0.0202 min observed for TOC degradation. Remarkably, SZHP exhibited superior PM removal rates compared with SmEuSbO, ZnBiSbO, or N-doped TiO photocatalyst, accompanied by removal rates 1.09 times, 1.20 times, or 2.38 times higher, respectively. Furthermore, the study investigated the oxidizing capability of free radicals through the use of trapping agents. The results showed that hydroxyl radicals had the strongest oxidative capability, followed by superoxide anions and holes. These findings provide a solid scientific foundation for future research and development of efficient heterojunction compound catalysts.
PubMed: 38067453
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237722