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BMJ Open Aug 2023Nursing students' attainment of patient safety (PS) competency has always been a global concern among health and educational organisations. Therefore, this study was...
OBJECTIVE
Nursing students' attainment of patient safety (PS) competency has always been a global concern among health and educational organisations. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine senior nursing students' confidence of their PS competencies, and associated predictive factors.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Four faculties from the nursing faculties of East Azerbaijan province.
PARTICIPANTS
253 senior nursing students in Iran.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Using the modified version of the Health Professional Education Patient Safety Survey, data related to the level of confidence of nursing students in acquired competencies in seven sociocultural dimensions of PS in classroom learning and clinical settings were collected. In addition, the predictors of the patient's safety competencies were identified by linear regression statistics.
RESULTS
Mean scores of all dimensions of PS competencies both in the classroom and in clinical settings were higher than 3.11 (out of 5). The nursing students were most confident in their learning of 'understanding human and environmental factors' in the classroom and the clinical setting. Nursing students displayed the least confidence in learning 'work in teams with other health professionals' in both the classroom and the clinical settings. Type of university, prior experience with PS competencies education, and coverage of PS competency issues in the curriculum predicted the students' perceived competency scores in the classroom (R=0.53, p<0.001). Also, perceived competence in the clinical settings was predicted by the variables of reporting errors to personnel and peers and the type of university (R=0.65, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Study findings emphasise the role of learning environments and educational experiences of nursing students especially the clinical environment, clinical instructors and the hidden curriculum in improving safety competence. Nursing educators can use this information to revise and develop the undergraduate nursing curriculum, paying close attention to lesson plans and content in relation to teaching safety issues.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Patient Safety; Students, Nursing; Learning; Faculty, Nursing
PubMed: 37612112
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070372 -
JBRA Assisted Reproduction Jun 2024The development of endometrial receptivity is crucial for successful embryo implantation and the initiation of pregnancy. Understanding the molecular regulatory... (Review)
Review
The development of endometrial receptivity is crucial for successful embryo implantation and the initiation of pregnancy. Understanding the molecular regulatory processes that transform the endometrium into a receptive phase is essential for enhancing implantation rates in fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role as gene regulators and have been examined in the endometrium. This review offers current insights into the role of lncRNAs in regulating endometrial receptivity. Considering the significant variation in endometrial remodeling among species, we summarize the key events in the human endometrial cycle and discuss the identified lncRNAs in both humans and other species, which may play a crucial role in establishing receptivity. Notably, there are 742 lncRNAs in humans and 4438 lncRNAs that have the potential to modulate endometrial receptivity. Additionally, lncRNAs regulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Let-7 have been observed in both species. Future investigations should explore the potential of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for diagnosing and improving endometrial receptivity in human fertility therapy.
PubMed: 38875127
DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20240038 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Sep 2023According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have a right to be heard. This also applies to patients in pediatric palliative care (PPC). The aim... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have a right to be heard. This also applies to patients in pediatric palliative care (PPC). The aim of this literature review was to explore what is known about the involvement of children (<14 years of age), adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in advance care planning (ACP) in PPC.
METHODS
A search was conducted in PubMed including publications from January 1, 2002 until December 31, 2021. The identified citations had to report on ACP or related terms in any PPC context.
RESULTS
A total of n = 471 unique reports were identified. Final inclusion criteria were met by n = 21 reports, including children and AYAs with diagnoses related to oncology, neurology, HIV/AIDS and cystic fibrosis. Nine reports were from randomized controlled studies, investigating ACP methodology. The main findings were: 1) caregivers are included more often than children and adolescents in ACP, 2) some studies indicate an incongruence between AYAs and their caregivers regarding ACP and treatment preferences, 3) although the process evokes a wide range of emotions, ACP is perceived as helpful by many AYAs CONCLUSION: The majority of studies about ACP in PPC do not include children and AYAs. Whether incongruence reported in some studies between AYAs and their caregivers regarding treatment preferences could be reduced by ACP should be further explored, including the involvement of children and adolescents in ACP, and the impact of pediatric ACP on patient outcomes in PPC.
Topics: Adolescent; Young Adult; Humans; Child; Advance Care Planning; Palliative Care; Patient Participation; Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing; Research Design
PubMed: 37054956
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.04.003 -
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2024Management of care for people with Pulmonary TB at home using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools and innovative approaches, such as tools for... (Review)
Review
Management of care for people with Pulmonary TB at home using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools and innovative approaches, such as tools for telecommunications online education. In the nursing sector, the use of telecommunications is called telenursing. The purpose of this study is to determine the types of telecommunications-based interventions, especially telenursing, in monitoring the level of treatment adherence in patients with pulmonary TB. This study used a scoping review method approach to determine the type of telecommunications-based interventions, especially telenursing, in monitoring the level of treatment adherence in patients with pulmonary TB. Literature distribution using several sources, namely EBSCOhost, Scopus (Elsevier), and PubMed. To facilitate obtaining appropriate literature, PICO techniques are used in conducting literature searches, P (population/problem/patient), I (intervention, prognostic factor, exposure), C (comparison, control), and O (outcome). Keywords used in English "Tuberculosis OR Pulmonary Tuberculosis AND Telehealth OR Telehealth Nursing AND Medication Adherence OR Medication Compliance OR Behavior". In total from the 13 articles obtained, the articles used several telehealth to pulmonary TB patients with various implementations, such as the Directly Observed Therapy, Short Course (DOTS) (n = 7). These four implementations have the same goal and support adherence to taking medication and daily recovery in pulmonary TB patients. Overall characteristics of pulmonary TB patients in the reviewed articles are pediatric TB patients (0-14 years), adult TB (18-30 years). A total of 9 studies used a sample population of adult TB patients (18-30 years), TB undergoing Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS), TB receiving medical care and TB patients actively receiving treatment. The most influential effectiveness of telehealth in helping the treatment process of Pulmonary TB patients is Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) because the main focus of the DOTS strategy is patient discovery and cure, priority is given to infectious TB patients without ruling out other types of TB.
PubMed: 38196938
DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S440314 -
Frontiers in Digital Health 2023Autism continues to be a leading neurodevelopmental disorder across adult and pediatric populations that transcends racial, ethnic, age, and socioeconomic groups... (Review)
Review
Autism continues to be a leading neurodevelopmental disorder across adult and pediatric populations that transcends racial, ethnic, age, and socioeconomic groups worldwide. Autism care and treatment also exerts immense costs on the healthcare system and lost productivity which are partly attributed to the existing resource limitations globally. Organizations, campaigns, and policies exist worldwide in increasing equity and accessibility of resources and services to individuals with autism. In the context of our digital era, a wealth of information is also more readily available on autism through electronic communication including social media platforms. As YouTube, Twitter and Facebook are ever-growing and among the leading social media platforms in contemporary times, examination of content covered on autism across these communication mediums is timely and warranted. This review consolidates findings from 32 sources on the sources, formats, and nature of content covered on YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook pertaining to a wealth of dimensions surrounding autism. Strengths and limitations of the studies and endeavors are presented. Implications for future campaign development, health equity, health policy, neurodiversity, and patient care are also delineated. Lastly, recommendations for future research and practice are discussed which present directions for tapping into the potential of YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook as health communication mediums across the ever-changing autism landscape.
PubMed: 37829593
DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1222187 -
SAGE Open Nursing 2023Pacific Islands have among the highest prevalence of pediatric hearing impairment in the world. Given the limited availability of ear and hearing specialists in the...
INTRODUCTION
Pacific Islands have among the highest prevalence of pediatric hearing impairment in the world. Given the limited availability of ear and hearing specialists in the Pacific region, the broader health professional community plays a vital role in the prevention of avoidable pediatric hearing impairment. Nurses emerge as one of the ideal candidates for task-sharing in the administration of ear and hearing care at the public and primary healthcare levels.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to evaluate the awareness and perceptions of university nursing students in Samoa to pediatric hearing impairment and hearing healthcare.
METHODS
This study employed a cross-sectional study design. A 10-item questionnaire was administered to university nursing students in Samoa ( = 100). The statements aimed to evaluate perceptions towards childhood hearing impairment, as well as awareness of causal factors of permanent childhood hearing loss and available hearing healthcare. Participants were required to provide a response based on the five-point Likert scale "Strongly Agree," "Agree," "Neutral/Don't know," "Disagree," and "Strongly Disagree."
RESULTS
Overall, 79% of participants responded "Disagree/Strongly Disagree" to the item "Hearing loss is not that important because it does not kill." Overall, 52% of respondents were aware of hearing impairment as a public health concern in Samoa. Early identification and intervention services for newborns with hearing impairment are nonexistent in Samoa, and awareness was low for the importance of early detection (62%) and amplification suitability for babies (49%). Overall, awareness was also low for causal factors of permanent sensorineural hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS
A borderline neutral/positive perception was found among our future nursing professionals to engage with pediatric hearing impairment in Samoa. Awareness regarding the causes of permanent childhood hearing impairment, as well as early identification and intervention services, could be integrated in the university curriculum.
PubMed: 38020322
DOI: 10.1177/23779608231216163 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jun 2024Pediatric purulent tonsillitis is a common infectious disease in children and can be difficult to cure and can recur with irritation of the throat. To improve treatment...
CONTEXT
Pediatric purulent tonsillitis is a common infectious disease in children and can be difficult to cure and can recur with irritation of the throat. To improve treatment outcomes, alleviate symptoms, and promote recovery, an effective clinical-nursing intervention is often necessary.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to explore the specific measures of the comprehensive nursing model for pediatric patients with purulent tonsillitis and to analyze its practical value in improving patients' treatment outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in clinical application, to provide feasible references and guidance for medical practice.
DESIGN
The research team conducted a randomized controlled trial.
SETTING
The study took place at Mengcheng County First People's Hospital.
PARTICIPANTS
Participants were 80 pediatric patients who had received a diagnosis of purulent tonsillitis at the hospital between December 2020 and March 2022.
INTERVENTIONS
The research team randomly divided participants into two groups, with 40 participants in each group: (1) the intervention group, who received comprehensive nursing care in addition to routine nursing care, and (2) the control group, who received routine nursing care only.
OUTCOME MEASURES
The research team: (1) evaluated times to relief of throat pain and to improvement of hoarseness, (2) assessed times to recovery of body temperature, white blood cells, and tonsillar signs, (3) measured treatment compliance, and (4) conducted a health knowledge survey with the children' family members at baseline and postintervention using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
RESULTS
Compared to control group, the intervention group's (1) times to relief of throat pain and improvement time of hoarseness were significantly shorter (both P < .05); (2) times to recovery of temperature (P = .002), white blood cells (P = .006), and tonsillar signs (P = .024) were significantly shorter; (3) treatment compliance was significantly higher (P = .021); and (4) level of health knowledge of family members was significantly higher (P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
The comprehensive nursing model for pediatric purulent tonsillitis can effectively improve pediatric patients' treatment outcomes, shorten their recovery times, enhance the health knowledge of family members, and provide a better focus on the overall health of pediatric patients. The model has a positive significance for pediatric patients' rehabilitation and is worth promoting.
PubMed: 38904631
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023The optimal balance of time spent on daily movement behaviors ("The Goldilocks Day") associated with childhood obesity remains unknown.
BACKGROUND
The optimal balance of time spent on daily movement behaviors ("The Goldilocks Day") associated with childhood obesity remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the optimal durations of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MPVA) associated with excess adiposity in a paediatric population.
METHODS
Accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors were obtained from 659 Czech children and adolescents (8-18-year-olds). Adiposity indicators were body mass index -score, fat mass percentage, fat-free mass index, and visceral adipose tissue. Excess adiposity was defined as exceeding the 85th percentile for an adiposity indicator. Compositional regression analyses were used investigate the associations between movement behaviors and adiposity indicators and estimating "The Goldilocks Day."
RESULTS
The movement behavior composition was associated with visceral adipose tissue ( = 3.672, = 0.013) and fat mass percentage ( = 2.733, = 0.044) among children and adolescents. The Goldilocks Day consisted of 8.5 h of sleep, 10.8 h of SB, 3.9 h of LPA, and 0.8 h of MVPA among children and 7.5 h of sleep, 12.4 h of SB, 3.6 h of LPA, and 0.5 h of MVPA among adolescents.
CONCLUSION
Optimizing the time spent sleeping, and in sedentary and physical activities appears to be important in the prevention of excess adiposity.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Adiposity; Pediatric Obesity; Exercise; Body Mass Index; Sleep
PubMed: 37841713
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158634 -
BMJ Open Oct 2023Delirium is one of the most common forms of acute cerebral dysfunction in critically ill children leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Prevention,...
Non-pharmacological interventions to prevent and manage delirium in critically ill children in neonatal and paediatric intensive care units (NICU/PICU): a scoping review protocol.
INTRODUCTION
Delirium is one of the most common forms of acute cerebral dysfunction in critically ill children leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Prevention, identification and management of delirium is an important part of paediatric and neonatological intensive care. This scoping review aims to identify and map evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for paediatric delirium prevention and management in paediatric and neonatal intensive care settings.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
This scoping review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Searches will be performed in the databases Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Journals), EMBASE and Web of Science (01/2000-current). Two reviewers will independently review retrieved studies, and relevant information will be extracted using data extraction forms. The results will be presented in tabular format and accompanied by a narrative summary.
INCLUSION CRITERIA
The review will include references that describe or evaluate non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or manage paediatric delirium. Conference abstracts, editorials, opinion papers and grey literature will be excluded.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
Due to the nature of research involving humans or unpublished secondary data, approval of an ethics committee are not required. The dissemination of findings is planned via professional networks and publication in an open-access scientific journal.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Child; Humans; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Critical Illness; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; Critical Care; Delirium; Research Design; Intensive Care Units; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Review Literature as Topic
PubMed: 37899161
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073883 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jan 2024Evaluate literature on the dying process in children after withdrawal of life sustaining measures (WLSM) in the PICU. We focused on the physiology of dying, prediction... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Evaluate literature on the dying process in children after withdrawal of life sustaining measures (WLSM) in the PICU. We focused on the physiology of dying, prediction of time to death, impact of time to death, and uncertainty of the dying process on families, healthcare workers, and organ donation.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science.
STUDY SELECTION
We included studies that discussed the dying process after WLSM in the PICU, with no date or study type restrictions. We excluded studies focused exclusively on adult or neonatal populations, children outside the PICU, or on organ donation or adult/pediatric studies where pediatric data could not be isolated.
DATA EXTRACTION
Inductive qualitative content analysis was performed.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Six thousand two hundred twenty-five studies were screened and 24 included. Results were grouped into four categories: dying process, perspectives of healthcare professionals and family, WLSM and organ donation, and recommendations for future research. Few tools exist to predict time to death after WLSM in children. Most deaths after WLSM occur within 1 hour and during this process, healthcare providers must offer support to families regarding logistics, medications, and expectations. Providers describe the unpredictability of the dying process as emotionally challenging and stressful for family members and staff; however, no reports of families discussing the impact of time to death prediction were found. The unpredictability of death after WLSM makes families less likely to pursue donation. Future research priorities include developing death prediction tools of tools, provider and parental decision-making, and interventions to improve end-of-life care.
CONCLUSIONS
The dying process in children is poorly understood and understudied. This knowledge gap leaves families in a vulnerable position and the clinical team without the necessary tools to support patients, families, or themselves. Improving time to death prediction after WLSM may improve care provision and enable identification of potential organ donors.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Adult; Child; Humans; Terminal Care; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Family; Palliative Care; Tissue Donors; Death
PubMed: 37678383
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003358