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BMC Public Health Oct 2023Pelvic floor dysfunction in women encompasses a wide range of clinical disorders: urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, fecal incontinence, and pelvic-perineal... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pelvic floor dysfunction in women encompasses a wide range of clinical disorders: urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, fecal incontinence, and pelvic-perineal region pain syndrome. A literature review did not identify any articles addressing the prevalence of all pelvic floor dysfunctions.
OBJECTIVE
Determine the prevalence of the group of pelvic floor disorders and the factors associated with the development of these disorders in women.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This observational study was conducted with women during 2021 and 2022 in Spain. Sociodemographic and employment data, previous medical history and health status, lifestyle and habits, obstetric history, and health problems were collected through a self-developed questionnaire. The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) was used to assess the presence and impact of pelvic floor disorders. Pearson's Chi-Square, Odds Ratio (OR) and adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
RESULTS
One thousand four hundred forty-six women participated. Urinary incontinence occurred in 55.8% (807) of the women, fecal incontinence in 10.4% (150), symptomatic uterine prolapse in 14.0% (203), and 18.7% (271) reported pain in the pelvic area. The following were identified as factors that increase the probability of urinary incontinence: menopausal status. For fecal incontinence: having had instrumental births. Factors for pelvic organ prolapse: number of vaginal births, one, two or more. Factors for pelvic pain: the existence of fetal macrosomia.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women is high. Various sociodemographic factors such as age, having a gastrointestinal disease, having had vaginal births, and instrumental vaginal births are associated with a greater probability of having pelvic floor dysfunction. Health personnel must take these factors into account to prevent the appearance of these dysfunctions.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Pelvic Floor Disorders; Fecal Incontinence; Pelvic Floor; Prevalence; Urinary Incontinence; Pelvic Organ Prolapse; Surveys and Questionnaires; Pain; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37838661
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16901-3 -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Jun 2023Urinary incontinence (UI) is a highly prevalent health concern commonly observed during and after pregnancy that can substantially impact women's physical and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a highly prevalent health concern commonly observed during and after pregnancy that can substantially impact women's physical and psychological well-being and quality of life. Owing to its numerous advantages, mobile health may be a promising solution; however, it is unclear whether the app-based intervention can effectively improve UI symptoms during and after pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Urinary Incontinence for Women (UIW) app-based intervention for UI symptom improvement among pregnant women in China.
METHODS
Singleton pregnant women without incontinence before pregnancy who were aged ≥18 years and between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation were recruited from a tertiary public hospital in China and were randomly allocated (1:1) to either an experimental group (n=63) or a control group (n=63). The experimental group received the UIW app intervention and oral pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) instructions, whereas the control group received oral PFMT instructions alone. Neither the participants nor the researchers were blinded to the intervention. The primary outcome was UI severity. The secondary outcomes included quality of life, self-efficacy with PFMT, and knowledge of UI. All data were collected at baseline, 2 months after randomization, and 6 weeks post partum through electronic questionnaires or by checking the electronic medical record system. Data analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. A linear mixed model was used to examine the intervention effect on primary and secondary outcomes.
RESULTS
Participants in the experimental and control groups were comparable at baseline. Of the 126 overall participants, 117 (92.9%) and 103 (81.7%) women completed follow-up visits at 2 months after randomization and 6 weeks after delivery, respectively. A statistically significant difference in UI symptom severity was observed between the experimental group and control group (2 months after randomization: mean difference -2.86, 95% CI -4.09 to -1.64, P<.001; 6 weeks post partum: mean difference -2.68, 95% CI -3.87 to -1.49, P<.001). For the secondary outcomes, a statistically significant intervention effect on the quality of life, self-efficacy, and UI knowledge was found at the 2-month follow-up (all P<.05) and 6 weeks post partum (all P<.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The app-based UI self-management intervention (UIW) effectively improved UI symptom severity, quality of life, self-efficacy with PFMT, and knowledge of UI during the late pregnancy and early postnatal periods. Larger multicenter studies with a longer postpartum follow-up are required to further extend these findings.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800016171; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27455.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/22771.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; China; Exercise Therapy; Mobile Applications; Pelvic Floor; Pregnant Women; Quality of Life; Self-Management; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Incontinence
PubMed: 37368465
DOI: 10.2196/43528 -
Annual Review of Nutrition Aug 2023The placenta is the gatekeeper between the mother and the fetus. Over the first trimester of pregnancy, the fetus is nourished by uterine gland secretions in a process... (Review)
Review
The placenta is the gatekeeper between the mother and the fetus. Over the first trimester of pregnancy, the fetus is nourished by uterine gland secretions in a process known as histiotrophic nutrition. During the second trimester of pregnancy, placentation has evolved to the point at which nutrients are delivered to the placenta via maternal blood (hemotrophic nutrition). Over gestation, the placenta must adapt to these variable nutrient supplies, to alterations in maternal physiology and blood flow, and to dynamic changes in fetal growth rates. Numerous questions remain about the mechanisms used to transport nutrients to the fetus and the maternal and fetal determinants of this process. Growing data highlight the ability of the placenta to regulate this process. As new technologies and omics approaches are utilized to study this maternofetal interface, greater insight into this unique organ and its impact on fetal development and long-term health has been obtained.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Placenta; Placentation; Pelvis; Uterus; Mothers
PubMed: 37603428
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-085246 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Oct 2023Management of circulatory unstable pelvic fracture in Greenland - from a remote village to Level 1 Trauma center. This case report depicts the transportation of an...
Management of circulatory unstable pelvic fracture in Greenland - from a remote village to Level 1 Trauma center. This case report depicts the transportation of an unstable patient in a rural area, where transportation of the critically ill patient is inherently difficult due to infrastructure. The case report brings knowledge to the reader of logistic conditions in Greenland, which differ greatly from those in Denmark. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of knowledge of damage control surgery and of great intercollegiate cooperation.
Topics: Humans; Cardiovascular System; Critical Illness; Fractures, Bone; Greenland; Pelvis; Male; Adult
PubMed: 37921100
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2023A gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, though rectal GIST is rare. The primary treatment of GIST is surgical...
A gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, though rectal GIST is rare. The primary treatment of GIST is surgical resection. Neoadjuvant imatinib treatment may cause tumor reduction and allow local resection. This is a case report of a 70-year-old woman with a high level of comorbidity who was diagnosed with a low rectal GIST. She was successfully treated with imatinib followed by complete GIST resection using a transvaginal technique.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Rectum; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Imatinib Mesylate; Pelvis
PubMed: 37381838
DOI: No ID Found -
ELife Mar 2024A build-up of eggs in the uterus of the nematode triggers the release of large extracellular vesicles, called exophers, from neurons that are sensitive to mechanical...
A build-up of eggs in the uterus of the nematode triggers the release of large extracellular vesicles, called exophers, from neurons that are sensitive to mechanical forces.
Topics: Female; Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Eggs; Extracellular Vesicles; Neurons; Pelvis
PubMed: 38477825
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.96813 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Sep 2023Image-guided focal therapy has increased in popularity as a treatment option for patients with primary and locally recurrent prostate cancer. This review will cover the... (Review)
Review
Image-guided focal therapy has increased in popularity as a treatment option for patients with primary and locally recurrent prostate cancer. This review will cover the basic indications, evaluation, treatment algorithm, and follow-up for patients undergoing image-guided ablation of the prostate. Additionally, this paper will serve as an overview of some technical approaches to cases so that physicians can familiarize themselves with working in this space. While the focus of this paper is prostate cryoablation, readers will obtain a basic literature overview of some of the additional available image-guided treatment modalities for focal prostate therapy.
Topics: Male; Humans; Cryosurgery; Prostate; Algorithms; Pelvis; Physicians
PubMed: 37763708
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091589