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Lasers in Medical Science Aug 2023Acne vulgaris is challenging to treat for several individuals. Laser therapy may be a desirable alternative to traditional therapies with limited success. This study... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Acne vulgaris is challenging to treat for several individuals. Laser therapy may be a desirable alternative to traditional therapies with limited success. This study aimed to assess efficacy of fractional CO laser versus Nd:YAG laser for acne vulgaris therapy. Thirty cases with acne vulgaris underwent both fractional CO laser and Nd: YAG laser treatments in a randomized split face design at a 14-day interval for four sessions. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by counting acne lesions and utilizing the Global Acne Severity Scale (GEA Scale). GEAs decreased significantly after both fractional CO and Nd:YAG modalities after treatment and at a 3-month follow-up; fractional CO demonstrated significant more decrease in GEAs with (P = 0.006, 0.00 (respectively. Moreover, fractional CO showed a significantly higher satisfaction level (P = 0.004) and a better clinical improvement percentage regarding inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions (P = 0.007 and 0.000, respectively) after 3 months of follow-up. Apart from transient erythema, there were insignificant adverse effects concerning both treated sides. Fractional CO and Nd:YAG lasers are efficient physical modalities of acne treatment. However, fractional CO laser was more effective and more satisfying to the patients.
Topics: Humans; Carbon Dioxide; Lasers, Solid-State; Acne Vulgaris; Light; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 37592125
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03855-6 -
South African Family Practice :... Feb 2024Persistent challenges in addressing severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in resource-constrained settings have led to ongoing and often unacceptable rates of morbidity,... (Review)
Review
Persistent challenges in addressing severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in resource-constrained settings have led to ongoing and often unacceptable rates of morbidity, disability and mortality. These challenges stem from limitations such as inadequate, inefficient or financially inaccessible diagnostic and therapeutic options. However, over the past decade, noteworthy innovations have emerged to address some of these hurdles, and these innovations are increasingly poised for broader implementation. This review provides a concise summary of these novel, economically viable diagnostic solutions, encompassing point-of-care assays and smartphone applications, as well as treatment modalities, notably more effective phototherapy and filtered sunlight. These advancements hold promise and have the potential to meaningfully reduce the burden of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, signifying a promising shift in the landscape of neonatal healthcare.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Jaundice, Neonatal; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal; Phototherapy; Sunlight; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 38572885
DOI: 10.4102/safp.v66i1.5833 -
Neuroscience Bulletin Mar 2024Light is a powerful environmental factor influencing diverse brain functions. Clinical evidence supports the beneficial effect of light therapy on several diseases,... (Review)
Review
Light is a powerful environmental factor influencing diverse brain functions. Clinical evidence supports the beneficial effect of light therapy on several diseases, including depression, cognitive dysfunction, chronic pain, and sleep disorders. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of light therapy are still not well understood. In this review, we critically evaluate current clinical evidence showing the beneficial effects of light therapy on diseases. In addition, we introduce the research progress regarding the neural circuit mechanisms underlying the modulatory effects of light on brain functions, including mood, memory, pain perception, sleep, circadian rhythm, brain development, and metabolism.
Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Sleep; Affect; Phototherapy
PubMed: 37555919
DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01089-8 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2023This publication is an update of the "Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology" published in 2019, considering the...
Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis ‒ Brazilian Society of Dermatology: an update on phototherapy and systemic therapy using e-Delphi technique.
This publication is an update of the "Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology" published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.
Topics: Humans; Brazil; Delphi Technique; Dermatitis, Atopic; Consensus; Dermatology; Phototherapy
PubMed: 37302894
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.003 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Jun 2024The inability of visible light to penetrate far through biological tissue limits its use for phototherapy and photodiagnosis of deep-tissue sites of disease. This is...
The inability of visible light to penetrate far through biological tissue limits its use for phototherapy and photodiagnosis of deep-tissue sites of disease. This is unfortunate because many visible dyes are excellent photosensitizers and photocatalysts that can induce a wide range of photochemical processes, including photogeneration of reactive oxygen species. One potential solution is to bring the light source closer to the site of disease by using a miniature implantable LED. With this goal in mind, we fabricated a wireless LED-based device (volume of 23 mm) that is powered by RF energy and emits light with a wavelength of 573 nm. It has the capacity to excite the green absorbing dye Rose Bengal, which is an efficient type II photosensitizer. The wireless transfer of RF power is effective even when the device is buried in chicken breast and located 6 cm from the transmitting antenna. The combination of a wireless device as light source and Rose Bengal as photosensitizer was found to induce cell death of cultured HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Time-dependent generation of protruding bubbles was observed in the photoactivated cells suggesting cell death by light-induced pyroptosis and supporting evidence was gained by cell staining with the fluorescence probes Annexin-V FITC and Propidium Iodide. The results reveal a future path towards a wireless implanted LED-based device that can trigger photodynamic immunogenic cell death in deep-seated cancerous tissue.
Topics: Photosensitizing Agents; Pyroptosis; Photochemotherapy; Humans; Rose Bengal; HT29 Cells; Wireless Technology; Animals
PubMed: 38734196
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104209 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a specific cancer treatment with minimal side effects. However, it remains challenging to apply PDT clinically, partially due to the... (Review)
Review
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a specific cancer treatment with minimal side effects. However, it remains challenging to apply PDT clinically, partially due to the difficulty of translating research findings to clinical settings as the conventional 2D cell models used for in vitro research are accepted as less physiologically relevant to a solid tumour. 3D spheroids offer a better model for testing PDT mechanisms and efficacy, particularly on photosensitizer uptake, cellular and subcellular distribution and interaction with cellular oxygen consumption. 3D spheroids are usually generated by scaffold-free and scaffold-based methods and are accepted as physiologically relevant models for PDT anticancer research. Scaffold-free methods offer researchers advantages including high efficiency, reproducible, and controlled microenvironment. While the scaffold-based methods offer an extracellular matrix-like 3D scaffold with the necessary architecture and chemical mediators to support the spheroid formation, the natural scaffold used may limit its usage because of low reproducibility due to patch-to-patch variation. Many studies show that the 3D spheroids do offer advantages to gynceologcial cancer PDT investigation. This article will provide a review of the applications of 3D spheroid culture models for the PDT research of gynaecological cancers.
Topics: Humans; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Reproducibility of Results; Neoplasms; Oxygen Consumption; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38237651
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103975 -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Aug 2023Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global problem with more than 1 million deaths due to AMR infection in 2019 alone. New and innovative therapeutics are... (Review)
Review
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global problem with more than 1 million deaths due to AMR infection in 2019 alone. New and innovative therapeutics are required to overcome this challenge. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a rapidly growing area of research poised to provide much needed help in the fight against AMR. aPDT works by administering a photosensitizer (PS) that is activated only when irradiated with light, allowing high spatiotemporal control and selectivity. The PS typically generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage a variety of key biological targets, potentially circumventing existing resistance mechanisms. Metal complexes are well known to display excellent optoelectronic properties, and recent focus has begun to shift towards their application in tackling microbial infections. Herein, we review the last five years of progress in the emerging field of small-molecule metal complex PSs for aPDT.
Topics: Humans; Coordination Complexes; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 36917084
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200796 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Oct 2023The combination of drug delivery with immune checkpoint targeting has been extensively studied in cancer therapy. However, the clinical benefit for patients from this...
BACKGROUND
The combination of drug delivery with immune checkpoint targeting has been extensively studied in cancer therapy. However, the clinical benefit for patients from this strategy is still limited. B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3), also known as CD276 (B7-H3/CD276), is a promising therapeutic target for anti-cancer treatment. It is widely overexpressed on the surface of malignant cells and tumor vasculature, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. Herein, we report B7H3 targeting doxorubicin (Dox)-conjugated gold nanocages (B7H3/Dox@GNCs) with pH-responsive drug release as a selective, precise, and synergistic chemotherapy-photothermal therapy agent against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
RESULTS
In vitro, B7H3/Dox@GNCs exhibited a responsive release of Dox in the tumor acidic microenvironment. We also demonstrated enhanced intracellular uptake, induced cell cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis in B7H3 overexpressing NSCLC cells. In xenograft tumor models, B7H3/Dox@GNCs exhibited tumor tissue targeting and sustained drug release in response to the acidic environment. Wherein they synchronously destroyed B7H3 positive tumor cells, tumor-associated vasculature, and stromal fibroblasts.
CONCLUSION
This study presents a dual-compartment targeted B7H3 multifunctional gold conjugate system that can precisely control Dox exposure in a spatio-temporal manner without evident toxicity and suggests a general strategy for synergistic therapy against NSCLC.
Topics: Humans; B7 Antigens; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line, Tumor; Doxorubicin; Drug Liberation; Gold; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperthermia, Induced; Lung Neoplasms; Nanoparticles; Phototherapy; Photothermal Therapy; Tumor Microenvironment; Antineoplastic Agents; Animals; Mice; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
PubMed: 37848956
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02078-9 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Apr 2024Phototherapy is an efficient therapy for a variety of skin diseases. Various drugs can cause photosensitivity and impact tolerability of phototherapy. The tolerability...
Phototherapy is an efficient therapy for a variety of skin diseases. Various drugs can cause photosensitivity and impact tolerability of phototherapy. The tolerability was investigated of narrowband ultraviolet-B 311 nm therapy in dependence on the underlying disease and long-term co-medication. A total of 534 narrowband ultraviolet-B therapy courses were examined. Compared with psoriasis, adverse events were observed more frequently in eczematous diseases and, in some cases, other indications. About two-thirds of all courses were carried out in patients taking at least one photosensitising drug, according to the summaries of product characteristics. Phototherapy was more frequently associated with adverse events when medication was taken concomitantly. When considering the tolerability of phototherapy in dependence on individual substances or drug classes, no statistically significant result was shown after adjustment.
Topics: Humans; Ultraviolet Therapy; Phototherapy; Psoriasis; Photosensitivity Disorders; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38567914
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.35215 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023Due to their non-toxic function in biological systems, Iron oxide NPs (IO-NPs) are very attractive in biomedical applications. The magnetic properties of IO-NPs enable a... (Review)
Review
Due to their non-toxic function in biological systems, Iron oxide NPs (IO-NPs) are very attractive in biomedical applications. The magnetic properties of IO-NPs enable a variety of biomedical applications. We evaluated the usage of IO-NPs for anticancer effects. This paper lists the applications of IO-NPs in general and the clinical targeting of IO-NPs. The application of IONPs along with photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is highlighted in this review's explanation for cancer treatment strategies. The review's study shows that IO-NPs play a beneficial role in biological activity because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, simplicity of production, and hybrid NPs forms with IO-NPs. In this review, we have briefly discussed cancer therapy and hyperthermia and NPs used in PTT, PDT, and MHT. IO-NPs have a particular effect on cancer therapy when combined with PTT, PDT, and MHT were the key topics of the review and were covered in depth. The IO-NPs formulations may be uniquely specialized in cancer treatments with PTT, PDT, and MHT, according to this review investigation.
Topics: Photochemotherapy; Nanoparticles; Ferric Compounds; Hyperthermia, Induced; Magnetic Phenomena; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37814664
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S404394