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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023de Noé () (Lamiaceae) is known to be an important plant used in folk medicine as an herbal remedy in Algeria.
CONTEXT
de Noé () (Lamiaceae) is known to be an important plant used in folk medicine as an herbal remedy in Algeria.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activities, enzyme inhibitory activities, and antimicrobial activities of extracts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A methanolic extract and a petroleum ether extract from the aerial parts of the plant were assessed for their chemical composition. HPLC-MS and HPLC-DAD assessed the content of phenols, GC-MS the fatty acid composition, and ICP-MS the mineral profiles of the plant. Additionally, we evaluated the bioactivities of extracts by the DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays, including the antioxidant potential against AChE, BChE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase for enzyme inhibition. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the methanolic extract were determined by the disc diffusion test against several strains of bacteria and yeasts.
RESULTS
Our findings revealed that the aerial parts of were rich in phytochemical components and contained large amounts of minerals. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD revealed the presence of 12 compounds in three major classes, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acid, and phenolic acid derivatives, with 0.61, 0.45, and 0.29 mg/g of extract, respectively. Nine phenolic constituents were quantified by HPLC-MS analysis; catechin (72.5%) was the main compound, followed by myricetin (21.7%). The fatty acid composition of the petroleum ether extract by GC-MS analysis was quantified. Seventeen compounds, including palmitic acid, were identified as the major fatty acids. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured by three different methods: the methanol extract provided better results than the petroleum ether extract, and interesting values were noted for the DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays of 242.7 ± 7.44, 124.1 ± 9.70, and 222.9 ± 6.05 µg/mL, respectively. The enzyme inhibition activity of the plant could not be determined. The antimicrobial results of the methanolic extract obtained from the disc diffusion method, followed by measurements of MIC, MBC, and MFC against several bacteria and yeasts, indicated that exhibited noticeable antimicrobial and antifungal activities.
CONCLUSIONS
These results provided new data about the main phenolic compounds and biological activities of extracts of the aerial parts of , which might be an alternative source for synthetic bioactive compounds.
Topics: Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Antioxidants; Hypoglycemic Agents; Antifungal Agents; Plant Extracts; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Flavonoids; Solvents; Methanol; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Fatty Acids; Salvia
PubMed: 38067531
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237801 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023Ulmus macrocarpa Hance bark (UmHb) has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in East Asia for bone concern diseases for a long time. To find a suitable solvent, we,...
Ulmus macrocarpa Hance bark (UmHb) has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in East Asia for bone concern diseases for a long time. To find a suitable solvent, we, in this study, compared the efficacy of UmHb water extract and ethanol extract which can inhibit osteoclast differentiation. Compared with two ethanol extracts (70% and 100% respectively), hydrothermal extracts of UmHb more effectively inhibited receptor activators of nuclear factor κB ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. We identified for the first time that (2R,3R)-epicatechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside (E7A) is a specific active compound in UmHb hydrothermal extracts through using LC/MS, HPLC, and NMR techniques. In addition, we confirmed through TRAP assay, pit assay, and PCR assay that E7A is a key compound in inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. The optimized condition to obtain E7A-rich UmHb extract was 100 mL/g, 90 °C, pH 5, and 97 min. At this condition, the content of E7A was 26.05 ± 0.96 mg/g extract. Based on TRAP assay, pit assay, PCR, and western blot, the optimized extract of E7A-rich UmHb demonstrated a greater inhibition of osteoclast differentiation compared to unoptimized. These results suggest that E7A would be a good candidate for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis-related diseases.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Osteoclasts; Catechin; Ulmus; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Ethanol; Cell Differentiation; RANK Ligand
PubMed: 37423923
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38208-4 -
Brazilian Journal of Medical and... 2023Plant cell cultures have become a promising production platform of bioactive compounds for biomedical and cosmetic uses in the last decades. However, the success so far...
Plant cell cultures have become a promising production platform of bioactive compounds for biomedical and cosmetic uses in the last decades. However, the success so far has been limited. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this unique biotechnology process to obtain a bioactive stem cell extract of Coffea canephora (SCECC) with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined in the SCECC by spectrophotometry. The chemical composition of the extracts was characterized by mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the colorimetric methods of free radical scavenging 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The anti-inflammatory activity was determined in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through the production of superoxide anion (O2•-), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, the ability of SCECC to stimulate the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts was assessed. Five compounds were tentatively identified, two flavonoids, two phenolic acids, and one sugar. High phenolic content and antioxidant activity were observed in the SCECC. SCECC promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and suppressed the pro-inflammatory mediators O2•-, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SCECC inhibited the NF-κB transcription factor. Therefore, we obtained evidence that the extract from C. canephora stem cells can be used as a natural agent against skin damage. Hence, it could be of interest in cosmetics for preventing skin aging.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Cell Extracts; Coffea; Flavonoids; Interleukin-6; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Lipopolysaccharides
PubMed: 37403887
DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2023e12849 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant and anticancer properties of extracts from blackcurrant ( L.) leaves and their fractions and...
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant and anticancer properties of extracts from blackcurrant ( L.) leaves and their fractions and chemical contents. Dried ethanolic extract was divided into three fractions using solid phase extraction: aqueous (F1), 40% MeOH (F2), and 70% MeOH (F3). Both the extract and the fractions were analyzed in terms of antiradical activity (DPPH and ABTS), total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids. The antitumor potential of the fractions was evaluated in vitro on human colorectal (HCT 116) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cells. Phenolics were identified using HPLC-QTOF-MS, and twelve compounds were quantified by HPLC-DAD. Finally, principal component analysis was carried out to assess the relationship between the tested factors. The results confirmed that blackcurrant leaves are a rich source of phenolics with high antioxidant activity and anticancer properties. It was demonstrated that the F2 fraction had the highest content of phenolics and the highest antiradical activity. Additionally, only this fraction showed cytotoxic activity against HCT 116 cells. It was confirmed that both the blackcurrant leaf extract and its fractions are a promising source of condensed active compounds and can be used as natural functional food additives.
Topics: Humans; Ribes; Phenols; Antioxidants; Flavonoids; Ethanol; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38005180
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227459 -
Planta Medica Dec 2023is a medicinal plant with documented application as an anti-inflammatory herb. The standard of care for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is immunosuppressive...
is a medicinal plant with documented application as an anti-inflammatory herb. The standard of care for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is immunosuppressive therapeutics or biologics, which often have undesired effects. We explored herbal preparations that are rich in an emerging class of phytochemicals with drug-like properties, so-called cyclotides. As an alternative to existing inflammatory bowel disease medications, cyclotides have immunomodulatory properties, and their intrinsic stability allows for application in the gastrointestinal tract, for instance, via oral administration. We optimized the isolation procedure to improve the yield of cyclotides and compared the cellular effects of violet-derived organic solvent-extracts, aqueous preparations, and an isolated cyclotide from this plant on primary human T lymphocytes and macrophages, i.e., cells that are crucial for the initiation and progression of inflammatory bowel disease. The hot water herbal decoctions have a stronger immunosuppressive activity towards proliferation, interferon-, and interleukin-21 secretion of primary human T cells than a DCM/MeOH cyclotide-enriched extract, and the isolated cyclotide kalata S appears as one of the active components responsible for the observed effects. This effect was increased by a longer boiling duration. In contrast, the DCM/MeOH cyclotide-enriched extract was more effective in reducing the levels of cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-12, interleukin-23, tumor necrosis factor-, and C - X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, secreted by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Defined cyclotide preparations of have promising pharmacological effects in modulating immune cell responses at the cytokine levels. This is important towards understanding the role of cyclotide-containing herbal drug preparations for future applications in immune disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease.
Topics: Humans; Cyclotides; Viola; T-Lymphocytes; Plants, Medicinal; Plant Extracts; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 37748505
DOI: 10.1055/a-2173-8627 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023Thiazolidinediones (TZD) significantly improve insulin sensitivity via action on adipocytes. Unfortunately, TZDs also degrade bone by inhibiting osteoblasts. An extract...
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) significantly improve insulin sensitivity via action on adipocytes. Unfortunately, TZDs also degrade bone by inhibiting osteoblasts. An extract of L., termed PMI5011, improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity via skeletal muscle, rather than fat, and may therefore spare bone. Here, we examine the effects of PMI5011 and an identified active compound within PMI5011 (2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone, DMC-2) on pre-osteoblasts. We hypothesized that PMI5011 and DMC-2 will not inhibit osteogenesis. To test our hypothesis, MC3T3-E1 cells were induced in osteogenic media with and without PMI5011 or DMC-2. Cell lysates were probed for osteogenic gene expression and protein content and were stained for osteogenic endpoints. Neither compound had an effect on early stain outcomes for alkaline phosphatase or collagen. Contrary to our hypothesis, PMI5011 at 30 µg/mL significantly increases osteogenic gene expression as early as day 1. Further, osteogenic proteins and cell culture mineralization trend higher for PMI5011-treated wells. Treatment with DMC-2 at 1 µg/mL similarly increased osteogenic gene expression and significantly increased mineralization, although protein content did not trend higher. Our data suggest that PMI5011 and DMC-2 have the potential to promote bone health via improved osteoblast maturation and activity.
Topics: Insulin Resistance; Artemisia; Calcinosis; Coloring Agents; Osteoblasts; Cell Proliferation; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 37686232
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713423 -
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology... Oct 2023Spent hops extract (SHE) is a plant extract containing compounds with proven anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. However, extract may exert synergic...
Spent hops extract (Humulus Lupulus L.) attenuates inflammation and angiogenesis of the retina via the nuclear factor-kappaB and protein kinase B/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways.
Spent hops extract (SHE) is a plant extract containing compounds with proven anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. However, extract may exert synergic effects compared to its individual polyphenol components. Inflammatory diseases of the retina may lead to visual impairment, a reduction of the comfort of life, and even blindness due to the formation of new pathological blood vessels. More effective therapeutic options are being sought. The goal of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic potentials of SHE on human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The SHE (250 μg/mL) was found to downregulate the gene expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) to 33% in LPS-triggered cells; it also reduced both matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) mRNA expression to 13% and 43% respectively, and their activity to 82% (MMP-2) and 57% (MMP-9), compared to TNF-α-stimulated cells. Also, SHE modulated the TNF-α-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). It is possible that SHE inhibited retinal inflammation and angiogenesis by suppressing the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Our results demonstrate that SHE has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic potential against retinal diseases. This is the first such study to report on the efficacy of SHE on retinal inflammatory diseases.
Topics: Humans; NF-kappa B; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Humulus; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Lipopolysaccharides; Angiogenesis; China; Ethnicity; Retina; Inflammation; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38085518
DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2023.5.06 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023This study focuses on the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts, which have versatile and non-toxic applications....
This study focuses on the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts, which have versatile and non-toxic applications. The research objectives include synthesizing AgNPs from readily available plant extracts, optimizing their production and multi scale characterization, along with exploring their use for enzyme immobilization and mitigation of poultry feather waste. Among the plant extracts tested, the flower extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HF) showed the most potential for AgNP synthesis. The synthesis of HF-mediated AgNPs was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) for efficient and environment friendly production. Additionally, the keratinase enzyme obtained from Bacillus sp. NCIM 5802 was covalently linked to AgNPs, forming a keratinase nanocomplex (KNC) whose biochemical properties were evaluated. The KNC demonstrated optimal activity at pH 10.0 and 60 °C and it displayed remarkable stability in the presence of various inhibitors, metal ions, surfactants, and detergents. Spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV-visible, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed to investigate the formation of biogenic HF-AgNPs and KNC, confirming the presence of capping and stabilizing agents. The morphological characteristics of the synthesized AgNPs and KNC were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analysis. The study highlighted the antimicrobial, dye scavenging, and antioxidant properties of biogenic AgNPs and KNC, demonstrating their potential for various applications. Overall, this research showcases the effectiveness of plant extract-driven green synthesis of AgNPs and the successful development of keratinase-laden nanocomplexes, opening possibilities for their use in immobilizing industrial and commercial enzymes.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Silver; Keratins; Feathers; Metal Nanoparticles; X-Ray Diffraction; Plant Extracts; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37463953
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38721-6 -
Microbial Physiology 2024The current study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts from Lindera glauca twig (LGT) and leaf/stem (LGLS).
INTRODUCTION
The current study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts from Lindera glauca twig (LGT) and leaf/stem (LGLS).
METHODS
The antioxidant activities were measured by total content of polyphenol and flavonoid, DPPH radical scavenging, and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, protein and mRNA expression of major inflammatory factors were analyzed using Western blot analysis and RT-PCR.
RESULTS
The total polyphenol content of LGT and LGLS was 88.45 ± 11.74 and 115.75 ± 7.87 GA mg/g, respectively. The total flavonoid content was 66 ± 2.89 and 74.33 ± 2.89 QE mg/g. Both LGT and LGLS showed high DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activities. Neither LGT nor LGLS was cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activities were measured by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. LGT and LGLS showed inhibition of the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein and mRNA levels, as determined by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. In addition, the release of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 mRNA expression levels of these cytokines was reduced by LGT and LGLS.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that LGT and LGLS extracts have potential for use as a functional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredient in cosmetic industry.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Plant Extracts; Lindera; Antioxidants; Plant Leaves; Nitric Oxide; Macrophages; Flavonoids; Cyclooxygenase 2; Lipopolysaccharides; RAW 264.7 Cells; Polyphenols; Cell Line; Plant Stems; Cell Survival; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
PubMed: 38286118
DOI: 10.1159/000536491 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Nov 2023: This study evaluated the in vitro anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of black cumin ( L.) seed extract (BCS extract) as a potential candidate for...
: This study evaluated the in vitro anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of black cumin ( L.) seed extract (BCS extract) as a potential candidate for developing herbal formulations targeting metabolic disorders. We evaluated the BCS extract by assessing its 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrohydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, levels of prostaglandin E (PGE) and nitric oxide (NO), and mRNA expression levels of key pro-inflammatory mediators. We also quantified the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling molecules. To assess anti-adipogenic effects, we used differentiated 3T3-L1 cells and BCS extract in doses from 10 to 100 μg/mL. We also determined mRNA levels of key adipogenic genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/BEPα), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and sterol-regulated element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This study showed a concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity and no toxicity at concentrations up to 30 μg/mL in Raw264.7 cells. BCS extract showed an IC of 328.77 ± 20.52 μg/mL. Notably, pre-treatment with BCS extract (30 μg/mL) significantly enhanced cell viability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated Raw264.7 cells. BCS extract treatment effectively inhibited LPS-induced production of PGE and NO, as well as the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, possibly by limiting the phosphorylation of p38, p65, inhibitory κBα (I-κBα), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). It also significantly attenuated lipid accumulation and key adipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 cells. This study highlights the in vitro anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of BCS extract, underscoring its potential as a promising candidate for managing metabolic disorders.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Nigella sativa; 3T3-L1 Cells; Lipopolysaccharides; Plant Extracts; Macrophages; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Adipocytes; Seeds; RNA, Messenger; Metabolic Diseases; Nitric Oxide
PubMed: 38004077
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59112028