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PeerJ 2023The incorporation of lipid droplets and further characterization of matrices within dairy products may be possible using such adjacent particles as protein...
The incorporation of lipid droplets and further characterization of matrices within dairy products may be possible using such adjacent particles as protein complexes/lipids. Among the range of varied emulsions and their functionalities, great attention has recently focused on the fabrication of high internal phase types. Feasibly, stable alternatives structured with health-beneficial lipids like those derived from plants could replace saturated fatty acids. As a fat replacement strategy, the fate of incorporated HIPE would require some adjustments either with storage stability and/or structural feat for the food matrix. Therefore, the replacement of milk fat by rapeseed oil stabilised emulsion in commercial yogurt was investigated. This involved 25%, 50% and 75% rapeseed oil respectively assigned as low (LIPE), medium (MIPE), and high internal phase emulsion (HIPE). Specifically, emulsions were examined by droplet size, encapsulation, pH, zeta potential, phase separation, and rheology. The fat free yogurt supplemented by HIPE were examined by droplet size, zeta potential, pH, color, sensory, texture and microbiological aspects against positive (regular milk fat) and negative (fat free) yogurt controls. Results showed increasing rapeseed oil contents would form smaller droplet-like emulsions. Within the yogurt matrix however, incorporating HIPE would seemingly reduce oil droplet size without much compromise to bacterial viability, sensory, or texture. Overall, this simple method of lipid alternation shows promise in dairy products.
Topics: Animals; Emulsions; Rapeseed Oil; Milk; Yogurt; Fatty Acids
PubMed: 38099312
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16441 -
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases May 2024This study evaluated the potential repellent and acaricidal effects of 4 essential oils (clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint) against the Asian longhorned tick... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
This study evaluated the potential repellent and acaricidal effects of 4 essential oils (clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint) against the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis, a vector of various tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Selected for their potential repellent and acaricidal properties, the 4 essential oils were tested on adult and nymph H. longicornis ticks at different concentrations. The experiment assessed mortality rates and repellency, particularly during tick attachment to host skin. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in tick mortality and repellency scores across all groups. At a 1% concentration, adult tick mortality ranged from 36% to 86%, while nymph mortality ranged from 6% to 97%. Clove oil exhibited notable efficacy, demonstrating high mortality rates of nymphs and adults. Clove oil also displayed strong repellency properties, with a repellency index of 0.05, surpassing those of mint, eucalyptus, and lavender oils. Clove oil showed the highest effectiveness in deterring nonattached adult ticks (90%) and nymphs (95%) when applied to skin. Clove oil was the most effective against adult and nymph ticks, achieving mortality rates of 86% and 97%, respectively, and led to the highest nonattachment rates when applied to skin. In conclusion, essential oils such as clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint oils present promising results for tick population control.
Topics: Animals; Oils, Volatile; Ixodidae; Acaricides; Nymph; Insect Repellents; Plant Oils; Female; Eucalyptus; Clove Oil; Lavandula; Haemaphysalis longicornis
PubMed: 38835262
DOI: 10.3347/PHD.23097 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023L. (grapevine) is a perennial plant of the Vitaceae family that is widely used to produce grapes and wines. Grape seed oil is rich in fatty acids such as linoleic acid... (Review)
Review
L. (grapevine) is a perennial plant of the Vitaceae family that is widely used to produce grapes and wines. Grape seed oil is rich in fatty acids such as linoleic acid (65-75%), vitamin E (50 mg), and phytosterols in addition to phenolic compounds, such as catechins (414 mg), epicatechins (130.4 mg), and gallic acid (77 µg), shows promise as a nutritional compound and is outstanding as a therapeutic substance with active properties for health, detected mainly by in vitro studies, as well as some in vivo studies. The benefits of consuming this oil include modulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory effects, and protection against oxidative cell damage and some types of cancer. However, experimental findings confirm that therapeutic functions remain scarce; thus, more studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of action involved in the indicated therapeutic qualities.
Topics: Humans; Vitis; Antioxidants; Oxidative Stress; Dietary Supplements; Obesity; Inflammation; Plant Oils; Fruit
PubMed: 38067541
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237811 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of chemicals widely used as plasticizers. These compounds, considered toxic, do not bond to the polymeric matrix of plastic and... (Review)
Review
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of chemicals widely used as plasticizers. These compounds, considered toxic, do not bond to the polymeric matrix of plastic and can, therefore, migrate into the surrounding environment, posing a risk to human health. The primary source of human exposure is food, which can become contaminated during cultivation, production, and packaging. Therefore, it is imperative to control and regulate this exposure. This review covers the analytical methods used for their determination in two economically significant products: olive oil and wine. Additionally, it provides a summary and analysis of information regarding the characteristics, toxicity, effects on human health, and current regulations pertaining to PAEs in food. Various approaches for the extraction, purification, and quantification of these analytes are highlighted. Solvent and sorbent-based extraction techniques are reviewed, as are the chromatographic separation and other methods currently applied in the analysis of PAEs in wines and olive oils. The analysis of these contaminants is challenging due to the complexities of the matrices and the widespread presence of PAEs in analytical laboratories, demanding the implementation of appropriate strategies.
Topics: Humans; Olive Oil; Wine; Esters; Phthalic Acids
PubMed: 38005350
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227628 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023The consumption of unrefined vegetable oil poses acute and chronic health issues, yet improper disposal of waste plantain peels is not environmentally sustainable. This...
The consumption of unrefined vegetable oil poses acute and chronic health issues, yet improper disposal of waste plantain peels is not environmentally sustainable. This research investigates the feasibility, mechanism and thermodynamics of waste plantain peels, and commercial bentonite clay for soybean oil refining. Experiment was carried out using masses (1-4 g) of commercial bentonite clay, and unripe plantain peel ash (UPPA) to degummed and neutralized free fatty acid (FFA) contents in crude soybean oil at varying temperatures (50-120 °C), and time (15-35 min) for treatment of soybean oil. FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and XRF techniques were applied to characterize the sample. The results established that at optimum 4.0 g dosage, the UPPA (97.73%) was more effective in the removal of FFA from oil at 50 °C and 20 min, while the clay (90%) was more effective in the removal of colour pigment from the vegetable oil 100 °C, and 25 min. The optimum efficiency of Clay-Ash-composite (70:30) in adsorbing pigment from soybean oil corresponds to 80%. The impact of changing viscosities, densities, and acid values on the performance of UPPA, clay, and clay-UPPA composite was investigated. Mechanistic studies confirmed the pseudo-second-order kinetics at 5 × 10 g/mg min and 1.87 × 10 g/mg min, with corresponding adsorption capacity of 30.40 mg/g and 4.91 mg/g, at R ≤ 0.9982. The UPPA-driven sorption of FFA occurred as a physisorption and exothermic process (- 620.60 kJ/mol), while colour pigment removal occurred by chemisorption and endothermic process (22.40 kJ/mol). The finding recommends UPPA and composite as economically feasible for refining soybean oil.
Topics: Bentonite; Clay; Soybean Oil; Plantago; Thermodynamics; Adsorption; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37949915
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46842-1 -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2023Aedes aegypti control is achieved with chemical insecticides that can promote insecticide resistance. In the search for new forms of control, the use of botanical...
Aedes aegypti control is achieved with chemical insecticides that can promote insecticide resistance. In the search for new forms of control, the use of botanical products is currently growing and many tests with oils have already been performed. The plant diversity of Araripe National Forest enables the study of several species against this vector. To evaluate the larvicidal effect of essential oils from plants of this forest, we used field rosemary, copaiba, bay leaf, cashew and pequi. The work was divided into three stages: all oils with the same dosage; the best oil at dosages of 0, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 75 µg/mL; and the best dosage at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C. The oils of field rosemary, copaiba, bay leaf, cashew and pequi were good insecticides when used at dosages above 5 μg/mL. The bay leaf oil showed high larvicidal activity at all dosages tested, showing the highest efficiency at 75 μg/mL. Temperatures of 15 and 35 °C increased the susceptibility of the insect to the effect of the bay leaf oil. The essential oils of field rosemary, copaiba, bay leaf, cashew and pequi, from Araripe National Forest, applied at a dosage of 5μg/mL, showed insecticidal action, although with low efficiency.
Topics: Animals; Oils, Volatile; Aedes; Insecticides; Larva; Mosquito Vectors; Plant Oils
PubMed: 38055504
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275062 -
British Journal of Cancer Aug 2023Olive oil consumption may reduce breast cancer risk, but it is unclear whether olive oil is beneficial for breast cancer prevention in populations outside of...
BACKGROUND
Olive oil consumption may reduce breast cancer risk, but it is unclear whether olive oil is beneficial for breast cancer prevention in populations outside of Mediterranean regions, namely in the U.S., where the average consumption of olive oil is low compared with Mediterranean populations. We examined whether olive oil intake was associated with breast cancer risk in two prospective cohorts of U.S. women.
METHODS
We used multivariable-adjusted time-varying Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for breast cancer among 71,330 (Nurses' Health Study, 1990-2016) and 93,295 women (Nurses' Health Study II, 1991-2017) who were free of cancer at baseline. Diet was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire every 4 years.
RESULTS
During 3,744,068 person-years of follow-up, 9,638 women developed invasive breast cancer. The multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for breast cancer among women who had the highest consumption of olive oil (>1/2 tablespoon/d or >7 g/d) compared with those who never or rarely consumed olive oil, was 1.01 (0.93, 1.09). Higher olive oil consumption was not associated with any subtype of breast cancer.
CONCLUSION
We did not observe an association between higher olive oil intake and breast cancer risk in two large prospective cohorts of U.S. women, whose average olive oil consumption was low. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and to further investigate whether different varieties of olive oil (e.g., virgin and extra virgin olive oil) may play a role in breast cancer risk.
Topics: Humans; Female; Olive Oil; Breast Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Plant Oils; Nurses
PubMed: 37311975
DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02306-x -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Nov 2023This study addresses the challenges of biodiesel production costs and waste oil disposal by investigating the use of low-cost waste oil as a feedstock. The impact of...
This study addresses the challenges of biodiesel production costs and waste oil disposal by investigating the use of low-cost waste oil as a feedstock. The impact of heating temperature on biodiesel yield and trace metal levels is examined using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal conditions for high biodiesel yields (95-98%) from canola oil are determined with a methanol/oil ratio of 12:1, 1 wt% catalyst, and 60-min reaction time. For crude bioglycerol, the optimal conditions involve a methanol/oil ratio of 4.25:1, 2.93 wt% catalyst, and 119.15-min reaction time. Elemental analysis reveals the presence of high-concentration metals like Cu and Zn and low-concentration ones such as Pb, As, Se, and Zr in both oil feedstocks and their respective biodiesel and bioglycerol products. The study demonstrates that thermal stress on canola oil significantly impacts biodiesel and bioglycerol yields and trace metal levels during the transesterification process. The findings contribute to enhancing cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability in biodiesel production.
Topics: Plant Oils; Biofuels; Rapeseed Oil; Methanol; Esterification; Brassica napus; Catalysis
PubMed: 37878179
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30004-x -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024In this study, the chemical composition, repellent, and oviposition deterrent effects of five plant essential oils (EOs) extracted from (Verbenaceae), (Anacardiaceae),...
In this study, the chemical composition, repellent, and oviposition deterrent effects of five plant essential oils (EOs) extracted from (Verbenaceae), (Anacardiaceae), (Myrtaceae), (Asteraceae), and (Lamiaceae) were evaluated against , , and . When tested at 33.3 µg/cm, , , , and were effective repellents against (89%, 91%, 90%, and 51% repellency, respectively), but they were less repellent against (66%, 86%, 59%, and 49% repellency, respectively). Interestingly, , , , and exhibited 100% repellency against at 33.3 μg/cm. In time-span bioassays performed at 333 μg/cm, the EO of exhibited 100% repellence against and for up to 15 min and against for 75 min. The oviposition bioassays revealed that exhibited the highest activity, showing 85%, 59%, and 89% oviposition deterrence against , , and , respectively. The major compounds of , , and were -β-caryophyllene (16.7%), α-pinene (15.5%), and 1,8-cineole (38.1%), respectively. In conclusion, the and EOs have the potential to be natural mosquito repellents.
Topics: Animals; Oils, Volatile; Insect Repellents; Oviposition; Aedes; Culex; Anopheles; Culicidae; Plant Oils; Lantana; Anacardiaceae; Plant Extracts; Female
PubMed: 38893531
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112657 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024The use of natural compounds to prevent and treat infective diseases is increasing its importance, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR)... (Review)
Review
The use of natural compounds to prevent and treat infective diseases is increasing its importance, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms-mediated infections. The drug resistance phenomenon is today a global problem, so it is important to have available substances able to counteract MDR infections. (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry (commonly called clove) is a spice characterized by several biological properties. Clove essential oil (EO) consists of numerous active molecules, being eugenol as the principal component; however, other compounds that synergize with each other are responsible for the biological properties of the EO. is traditionally used for bowel and stomach disorders, cold and flu, oral hygiene, tooth decay, and for its analgesic action. Its EO has shown antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuro-protective, anti-stress, anticancer, and anti-nociceptive activities. This review aims to investigate the role of EO in the counteraction of MDR microorganisms responsible for human disorders, diseases, or infections, such as , , , , , , , , and . This study might orient clinical researchers on future therapeutic uses of EO in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
Topics: Humans; Syzygium; Clove Oil; Oils, Volatile; Eugenol; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 38474510
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050999