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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Feb 2024Combining pregnancy and parenthood with sporting activities or a professional athletic career can be challenging. The objective of this Collection is to gain a deeper...
Combining pregnancy and parenthood with sporting activities or a professional athletic career can be challenging. The objective of this Collection is to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of pregnancy and postpartum on female athletes, both recreational and professional, in order to improve their health and fitness outcomes and support their continued success in sports.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Athletes; Sports; Exercise; Occupations; Postpartum Period
PubMed: 38350891
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06312-6 -
Appetite Aug 2023The early postpartum period is a sensitive time for understanding women's high-risk eating (i.e., eating behavior associated with negative health outcomes) given...
The early postpartum period is a sensitive time for understanding women's high-risk eating (i.e., eating behavior associated with negative health outcomes) given potential long-term eating behavior implications for infants. Food addiction and dietary restraint are two high-risk eating phenotypes associated with long-term negative health outcomes that have been theoretically linked. Yet, no research has considered how much these constructs overlap during the early postpartum period. The present study sought to characterize these two high-risk eating phenotypes in postpartum women to examine whether these are distinct constructs with specific etiologies and to inform future targets of intervention. Women (N = 277) in the early postpartum period reported on high-risk eating, childhood trauma exposure, depression symptoms, and pre-pregnancy weight. Women's height was measured and pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated. We conducted bivariate correlations and path analysis to characterize the relationship between food addiction and dietary restraint, controlling for pre-pregnancy BMI. Results showed that food addiction and dietary restraint were not significantly associated and that women's childhood trauma exposure and postpartum depression were associated with food addiction but not dietary restraint. Sequential mediation revealed that higher levels of childhood trauma exposure were associated with worse postpartum depression and, in turn, greater food addiction during the early postpartum period. Findings suggest that food addiction and dietary restraint have distinct psychosocial predictors and etiological pathways, which suggests important construct validity differences between the two high-risk eating phenotypes. Interventions seeking to address food addiction in postpartum women and mitigate the impact of this high-risk eating phenotype on the next generation may benefit from treating postpartum depression, especially in women with histories of childhood trauma exposure.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Depression, Postpartum; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Food Addiction; Postpartum Period; Diet; Feeding Behavior
PubMed: 37146651
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106589 -
BMC Women's Health Sep 2023Intimate partner violence is a global problem that threatens mothers. It has multidimensional consequences but has not gained attention from scholars after childbirth.
BACKGROUND
Intimate partner violence is a global problem that threatens mothers. It has multidimensional consequences but has not gained attention from scholars after childbirth.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors.
METHOD
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 570 postpartum mothers in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, from May 21st to June 21st, 2022. A pretested, face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. The level of statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 with a 95% CI.
RESULTS
Overall, the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was 45% (95% CI: 40.89, 49.20). Participants whose husband has no formal education (AOR = 3.62; 95%CI: 1.32, 9.90) and only secondary education (AOR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.56, 5.48), husband alcohol consumption (AOR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.80), husband dominance in decision-making (AOR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.13, 3.33), husband disappointment in the gender of the baby (AOR = 2.13; 95%CI: 1.28, 3.56), previous history of intimate partner violence (AOR = 5.71; 95%CI: 3.59, 9.07), and low social support (AOR = 4.37; 95%CI: 2.53, 7.55) were significantly associated factors.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was found to be high. Thus, increasing awareness of husbands with no formal education and having lower academic achievement, incorporating maternal social support assessment into maternity and child health care; teaching on alcohol reduction behavior and gender roles; and screening of mothers during the prenatal period should be given.
Topics: Pregnancy; Infant; Child; Female; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Postpartum Period; Parturition; Intimate Partner Violence; Mothers
PubMed: 37730570
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02649-w -
BMC Women's Health Aug 2023Women are estimated to develop several mental disorders during pregnancy and/or for up to a year postpartum, with anxiety and depression being the most common...
BACKGROUND
Women are estimated to develop several mental disorders during pregnancy and/or for up to a year postpartum, with anxiety and depression being the most common co-morbidities. Postpartum anxiety is less well studied compared with postpartum depression in the Palestinian context in terms of risk factors, mental health outcomes and protective factors.
PURPOSE
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether self-esteem and social support mediated the association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and postpartum anxiety among Palestinian women.
METHODS
Berlin Social Support Scales, Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale, Impact of the Event Scale, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were administered to 408 Palestinian women recruited from health centers in northern of the West Banks/ Palestine using a convenience sample.
RESULTS
The findings of our study revealed that postpartum anxiety positively correlated with posttraumatic stress symptoms (r = .56, p < .01), and negatively correlated with social support (r = - .30, p < .01), and self-esteem (r = - .27, p < .05). Moreover, posttraumatic stress symptoms negatively correlated with social support (r = - .24, p < .01), and self-esteem (r = - .25, p < .01). Results of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed a good fit of the hypothesized model.
CONCLUSIONS
Given this, it is recommended to conduct similar studies with diverse samples in the Palestinian society. It would also be useful for health professionals who work with Palestinian pregnant women (i.e., mental health providers, nurses, midwives, physicians) to assess self-esteem and social support in an effort to identify women who may be at greater risk of developing postpartum anxiety. It may also be worthwhile to develop and implement interventions during pregnancy which serve to enhance a women's sense of self-esteem during this particularly stressful period.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Arabs; Postpartum Period; Anxiety; Depression, Postpartum; Social Support; Depression
PubMed: 37559047
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02567-x -
BMJ Open Quality Dec 2023Postpartum hypertension is one of the leading causes of re-presentation to hospital postpartum and is associated with adverse long-term cardiovascular risk. Postpartum...
OBJECTIVES
Postpartum hypertension is one of the leading causes of re-presentation to hospital postpartum and is associated with adverse long-term cardiovascular risk. Postpartum blood pressure monitoring and management interventions have been shown to reduce hospital re-presentation, complications and long-term blood pressure control. Identifying patients at risk can be difficult as 40%-50% present with de novo postpartum hypertension. We aim to develop a risk model for postpartum re-presentation with hypertension using data readily available at the point of discharge.
DESIGN
A case-control study comparing all patients who re-presented to hospital with hypertension within 28 days post partum to a random sample of all deliveries who did not re-present with hypertension. Multivariable analysis identified risk factors and bootstrapping selected variables for inclusion in the model. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve or C-statistic was used to test the model's discriminative ability.
SETTING
A retrospective review of all deliveries at a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Melbourne, Australia from 1 January 2016 to 30 December 2020.
RESULTS
There were 17 746 deliveries, 72 hypertension re-presentations of which 51.4% presented with de novo postpartum hypertension. 15 variables were considered for the multivariable model. We estimated a maximum of seven factors could be included to avoid overfitting. Bootstrapping selected six factors including pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, peak systolic blood pressure in the delivery admission, aspirin prescription and elective caesarean delivery with a C-statistic of 0.90 in a training cohort.
CONCLUSION
The development phase of this risk model builds on the three previously published models and uses factors readily available at the point of delivery admission discharge. Once tested in a validation cohort, this model could be used to identify at risk women for interventions to help prevent hypertension re-presentation and the short-term and long-term complications of postpartum hypertension.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Case-Control Studies; Postpartum Period; Hypertension; Pre-Eclampsia; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38154822
DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002212 -
Journal of Addiction MedicineThe postpartum period presents an opportunity to engage in discussions about alcohol consumption and related health harms. This study examined the prevalence of alcohol...
OBJECTIVES
The postpartum period presents an opportunity to engage in discussions about alcohol consumption and related health harms. This study examined the prevalence of alcohol consumption among a sample of postpartum persons with a recent live birth and screening and brief intervention (alcohol SBI) or counseling by their providers.
METHODS
We analyzed 2019 data from a telephone survey conducted 9 to 10 months postpartum among individuals who responded to the standard Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey in 6 states. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated for alcohol consumption and alcohol SBI after birth through up to 10 months postpartum.
RESULTS
Among 1790 respondents, 53.1% reported consuming alcohol postpartum. Among those who drank postpartum, 70.8% reported being asked about alcohol use by a healthcare provider. Slightly more than half of respondents who drank postpartum and were trying to get pregnant (52.4%) or were not using birth control at the time of the survey (59.8%) reported being asked about alcohol use. Approximately 25% of respondents who drank alcohol postpartum were advised about risky alcohol levels by a healthcare provider. Small proportions of individuals who drank alcohol postpartum and were pregnant or trying to get pregnant at the time of the survey were advised to reduce or stop drinking alcohol (10.6% and 2.3%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest missed opportunities to promote health and prevent adverse alcohol-related health outcomes during the postpartum period through evidence-based tools such as alcohol SBI.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Health Promotion; Postpartum Period; Alcohol Drinking; Risk Assessment; Counseling
PubMed: 37788605
DOI: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001169 -
PloS One 2024Pregnant beneficiaries in the two primary Medicaid eligibility categories, traditional Medicaid and pregnancy Medicaid, have differing access to care especially in the...
OBJECTIVES
Pregnant beneficiaries in the two primary Medicaid eligibility categories, traditional Medicaid and pregnancy Medicaid, have differing access to care especially in the preconception and postpartum periods. Pregnancy Medicaid has higher income limits for eligibility than traditional Medicaid but only provides coverage during and for a limited time period after pregnancy. Our objective was to determine the association between type of Medicaid (traditional Medicaid and pregnancy Medicaid) on receipt of outpatient care during the perinatal period.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study compared outpatient visits using linked birth certificate and Medicaid claims from all Medicaid births in Oregon and South Carolina from 2014 through 2019. Pregnancy Medicaid ended 60 days postpartum during the study. Our primary outcome was average number of outpatient visits per 100 beneficiaries each month during three perinatal time points: preconceputally (three months prior to conception), prenatally (9 months prior to birthdate) and postpartum (from birth to 12 months).
RESULTS
Among 105,808 Medicaid-covered births in Oregon and 141,385 births in South Carolina, pregnancy Medicaid was the most prevelant categorical eligibility. Traditional Medicaid recipients had a higher average number of preconception, prenatal and postpartum visits as compared to those in pregnancy Medicaid.
DISCUSSION
In South Carolina, those using traditional Medicaid had 450% more preconception visits and 70% more postpartum visits compared with pregnancy Medicaid. In Oregon, those using traditional Medicaid had 200% more preconception visits and 29% more postpartum visits than individuals using pregnancy Medicaid. Lack of coverage in both the preconception and postpartum period deprive women of adequate opportunities to access health care or contraception. Changes to pregnancy Medicaid, including extended postpartum coverage through the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, may facilitate better continuity of care.
Topics: Pregnancy; United States; Female; Humans; Medicaid; Retrospective Studies; Prenatal Care; Postpartum Period; Contraception
PubMed: 38568923
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299818 -
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia E... Nov 2023This study focused on pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to determine the attitudes and behaviors of vaccinated and unvaccinated...
OBJECTIVE
This study focused on pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to determine the attitudes and behaviors of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, and the vaccination behaviors in the groups with and without the disease. The reasons for refusing the vaccine were also questioned.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was performed from September 2021 to October 2021. The study data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire. The participants were pregnant women who applied to the hospital for routine antenatal care and were hospitalized, and women in the postpartum period. Additionally, pregnant and postpartum patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at the time of admission and were hospitalized and admitted to the intensive care unit due to this disease were also included in the study.
RESULTS
A total of 1,146 pregnant and postpartum women who completed the questionnaire were included in our study. Only 43 (3.8%) of the participants were vaccinated; 154 (13.4%) of the participants had comorbidities. The number of COVID-19-positive patients was 153. The lack of sufficient information about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine is the most common reason for the refusal.
CONCLUSION
Vaccine refusal can significantly delay or hinder herd immunity, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. Considering the adverse effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is essential to understand pregnant and postpartum women's perceptions toward vaccination to end the pandemic.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pandemics; Vaccination; Postpartum Period
PubMed: 38029765
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772589 -
Revista Paulista de Pediatria : Orgao... 2023The COVID-19 pandemic Increased the risk of impairing the mother-infant bonding. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the early bond established between mother...
OBJECTIVE
The COVID-19 pandemic Increased the risk of impairing the mother-infant bonding. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the early bond established between mother and infant and postpartum depression (PPD) in pregnancies that occurred during the pandemic period, to identify the factors that may have influenced these outcomes and to verify if there was an association between bonding and probable PPD.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study of postpartum women from a public maternity hospital in the city of São Paulo conducted from February to June 2021, involving 127 mother-baby dyads. The initial data were collected in the immediate postpartum period and between 21-45 days after birth, using a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, gestational and birth conditions, and baby characteristics; the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were used to evaluate PPD and bonding, respectively.
RESULTS
The presence of probable PPD and unplanned pregnancies were associated with higher PBQ score and risk to impaired bonding (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). EPDS showed a high prevalence of PPD (29.1%) and was not associated with any Studied variable. Probably, this high prevalence of probable PPD was due to the context of insecurity secondary to the pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS
We observed an increase in the prevalence of probable PPD and unplanned pregnancies during the first 18 months of the pandemic, which were associated with worse scores in mother-infant bonding. The impaired bond can affect the future development of children born during this period.
Topics: Child; Female; Infant; Humans; Pregnancy; Mothers; Depression, Postpartum; Pandemics; Child Development; Cross-Sectional Studies; COVID-19; Brazil; Postpartum Period; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37436245
DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2022151 -
BMC Psychology Oct 2023This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between parental attachment, resilience, postpartum traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and maternal-infant bonding at 1 to 3...
AIMS
This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between parental attachment, resilience, postpartum traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and maternal-infant bonding at 1 to 3 months postpartum. The mediation effect of resilience and PTSD on the postpartum parental attachment and maternal-infant bond was also evaluated.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional research design was used.
METHODS
A total of 400 postpartum women examined at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan from January 2021 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study. At about 1 to 3 months after giving birth, the women were asked to complete the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Connor-Davidson Resilience scale(CD-RISC), PTSD CheckList-Civilian version (PCL-C), and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Mediation analyse and the Spearman correlation (r) were used to correlate the resilience and PTSD questionnaire scores.
RESULTS
The care attachment dimension was significantly associated with resilience (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), PTSD (r = - 0.27, p < 0.01), and maternal-infant bonding (r = 0.10, p < 0.01), and the overprotection attachment dimension was significantly associated with resilience (r = - 0.11, p < 0.01), PTSD (r = 0.33, p < 0.01), and maternal-infant bonding (r = 0.16, p < 0.01). Resilience and PTSD can mediate the relationship between attachment and maternal-infant bonding.
CONCLUSION
Parental attachment, resilience, and PTSD significantly affect maternal-infant bonding at 1 to 3 months postpartum.
IMPACT
This study demonstrated that new interventions aimed at addressing PTSD symptoms and improving resilience might increase parental attachment and maternal-infant bonding after birth. However, further research is required to evaluate the success of these interventions.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Infant; Mother-Child Relations; Cross-Sectional Studies; Postpartum Period; Mothers; Parents; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Stress Disorders, Traumatic; Object Attachment
PubMed: 37891637
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01370-5