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International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2024Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and pre-pregnancy hypertension contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. We examined the association of HDP and...
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and pre-pregnancy hypertension contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. We examined the association of HDP and pre-pregnancy hypertension with subsequent venous thromboembolic (VTE) events. The retrospective cohort study included 444,859 women with ≥1 live, singleton birth in South Carolina (2004-2016). Hospital and emergency department visit and death certificate data defined incident VTE, HDP, and pre-pregnancy hypertension. Birth certificate data also defined the exposures. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards methods modeled VTE events risk. Of the cohort, 2.6% of women had pre-pregnancy hypertension, 5.8% had HDP, 2.8% had both pre-pregnancy hypertension and HDP (both conditions), and 88.8% had neither condition. The risk of incident VTE events within one year of delivery was higher in women with HDP (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.29) and both conditions (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.60-3.35) compared to those with neither condition as was the risk within five years for women with HDP (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13-1.60) and for women with both conditions (HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.50-2.20). One- and five-year risks did not differ in women with pre-pregnancy hypertension compared to women with neither condition. Compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) women with neither condition, the incident VTE event risk was elevated within five years of delivery for NHW (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63; HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.16-2.17) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB; HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16-2.96; HR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.62-2.66) women with HDP and with both conditions, respectively, and for NHB women with pre-pregnancy hypertension (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.09-2.07). VTE event risk was highest in women with HDP, and the event rates were higher in NHB women than in NHW women in the same exposure group.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Venous Thromboembolism; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Retrospective Studies; Venous Thrombosis; Birth Certificates; Prehypertension
PubMed: 38248552
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010089 -
Environment International Feb 2024We aimed to evaluate the impacts of short-term daily temperature variability (DTV) on blood pressure (BP) among participants with normotension, prehypertension, and...
BACKGROUND
We aimed to evaluate the impacts of short-term daily temperature variability (DTV) on blood pressure (BP) among participants with normotension, prehypertension, and hypertension, respectively, and explore the effects in different climate zones and seasons.
METHODS
A representative population sample (n = 397,173) covering the subtropical, temperate continental, and temperate monsoon zones was obtained from the China Hypertension Survey. DTV was calculated as the standard deviation of daily minimum and maximum temperatures during the exposure days. The linear mixed effect regression model was used to estimate the associations between DTV exposure and BP among normotension, prehypertension, and hypertension, respectively, and further stratified analysis was performed by climate zones and seasons.
RESULTS
After adjustment for confounders, per interquartile range (IQR) increase in DTV (2.28 °C) at 0-6 days of exposure was associated with an increase of 0.41 mmHg (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.07, 0.75) in systolic BP (SBP) and 0.41 mmHg (95 % CI: 0.09, 0.72) in pulse pressure (PP) among hypertensive participants in the subtropical zone. Similarly, DTV exposure was associated with an increase of 0.31 mmHg (95 % CI: 0.06, 0.55) in SBP and 0.59 mmHg (95 % CI: 0.24, 0.94) in PP among prehypertensive participants in the temperate continental zone. Additionally, during the warm season, DTV was positively associated with SBP among populations with prehypertension and hypertension, and with PP among all three populations.
CONCLUSION
Short-term DTV exposure was associated with an increase in SBP and PP among hypertensive and prehypertensive participants in the subtropical zone and the temperate continental zone. In addition, positive associations of DTV with SBP and PP were observed among participants with prehypertension and hypertension in the warm season. Comprehensive health education and effective intervention strategies should be implemented to mitigate the effects of temperature variations on BP, particularly among prehypertensive and hypertensive populations.
Topics: Humans; Blood Pressure; Temperature; Prehypertension; Hypertension; Climate; China
PubMed: 38324925
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108463 -
Journal of Clinical Hypertension... Sep 2023Blood pressure (BP) is the main driver of mortality with 12.8% of all deaths worldwide. Adolescents are not spared, precisely in Cameroon where they constitute more than...
Blood pressure (BP) is the main driver of mortality with 12.8% of all deaths worldwide. Adolescents are not spared, precisely in Cameroon where they constitute more than half of its population. The objective of our work was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and high blood pressure (HBP) among adolescents in Cameroonian schools. Descriptive study over 5 months; from January to May 2019. The study population consisted of students from private and public schools in the city of Douala. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and personal background data were collected. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with pre-hypertension and HBP. Differences were considered significant for p < .05. We recruited 771 students with an average age of 16 ± 1 years with female predominance (51.4%). The prevalences of pre-hypertension and HBP were 6.6% and 3%, respectively. Overweight/obesity (OR = 4.6; p < .0001), hyperglycemia [(OR = 4.06; p = .001)] physical inactivity (OR = 1.85; p = .019), and public institutions (OR = 1.87; p = .02) were associated with pre-hypertension. Similarly, overweight/obesity (OR = 2.99; p = .022), hyperglycemia (OR = 14.05; p < .0001), and physical inactivity (OR = 8.58; p < .0001) were correlated with HBP. Pre-hypertension and HBP are high in Cameroonian school adolescents and their risk factors are overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, and physical inactivity.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Male; Hypertension; Overweight; Prevalence; Cameroon; Prehypertension; Risk Factors; Obesity; Blood Pressure; Hyperglycemia
PubMed: 37561361
DOI: 10.1111/jch.14711 -
Inquiry : a Journal of Medical Care... 2024Preventing the development of high blood pressure and resulting complication requires estimating the prevalence of prehypertension/hypertension and identifying...
Preventing the development of high blood pressure and resulting complication requires estimating the prevalence of prehypertension/hypertension and identifying associated risk factors. Information about pre-hypertension/hypertension in Ethiopia, especially in the southern region, is scarce, and limited knowledge exists regarding the prevalence and risk factors associated with pre-hypertension/hypertension. Objective of this study was to assess prevalence of pre-hypertension/hypertension and its associated factors among adults in Wolaita Zone of Southern Ethiopia, 2023. This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults attending outpatient departments in governmental hospitals in South Ethiopia in 2023. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather information on sociodemographic data, dietary and behavioral patterns, and medical history. Digital weighing scales, Stadiometers, and digital sphygmomanometers were used to measure height, blood pressure, and weight, respectively. Epi-Data version 3.1 was used to enter the data before exporting it to SPSS version 25 for analysis. To find factors associated with prehypertension/hypertension, binary logistic regressions were conducted and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were computed. The overall prevalence of prehypertension/hypertension was 42.8% (95% confidence interval: 39.56, 49.47). Factors associated with prehypertension/hypertension in this study were older age, male gender, obesity, diabetes mellitus comorbidity, alcohol drinking, and family history of hypertension. Lifestyle modification is demanded for pre-hypertensive/hypertensive patients to prevent progression to severe complications, including premature death and permanent disabilities.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Prehypertension; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prevalence; Ethiopia; Hypertension; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38641978
DOI: 10.1177/00469580241246968 -
Journal of Clinical Hypertension... Aug 2023This study was aimed at assessing the risk factors for hypertension (HTN) and prehypertension (PHT) in order to clarify the role of lipid accumulation product (LAP) in...
This study was aimed at assessing the risk factors for hypertension (HTN) and prehypertension (PHT) in order to clarify the role of lipid accumulation product (LAP) in the development of HTN among nondiabetic individuals. A large cross-sectional study was conducted in community health service centers in urban Bengbu, Anhui Province, China. All participants completed an interview questionnaire and procedures to obtain physical measurements and biochemical indicators. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test for the prevalence of HTN and PHT in relation to each quartile increase in LAP level and family history of HTN. The resulting interaction effects were evaluated by relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI). A total of 7733 subjects were enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence rates of PHT and HTN were 37.1% and 24.8%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that compared with subjects in LAP quartile 1, those in quartile 3 (OR, 1.257; 95% CI, 1.062-1.494) and quartile 4 (OR, 1.323; 95% CI, 1.101-1.592) had a significantly higher risk for HTN (p for trend < .001). A significant interaction was observed between LAP and family history of HTN in men (AP, 0.1661; 95% CI, 0.0024-0.3296; SI, 1.4037; 95% CI, 1.0599-1.8593) and in women (RERI, 1.4111; 95% CI, 0.1458-2.9678; AP, 0.1662; 95% CI, 0.0085-0.3237; SI, 1.3886; 95% CI, 1.0568-1.8247). The results demonstrated that the interactive effects of LAP with family history of HTN may influence the development of HTN synergistically.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Hypertension; Lipid Accumulation Product; Cross-Sectional Studies; Obesity; Body Mass Index; Risk Factors; China; Prehypertension
PubMed: 37433158
DOI: 10.1111/jch.14696 -
European Journal of Dentistry May 2024Arterial hypertension and periodontitis are two of the most common diseases worldwide and recent evidence supports a causal relationship between them. Despite all...
OBJECTIVES
Arterial hypertension and periodontitis are two of the most common diseases worldwide and recent evidence supports a causal relationship between them. Despite all antihypertensive strategies, an important number of patients are undiagnosed and a large number of the diagnosed fail to achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) measurements. Some studies point out that periodontal treatment could have positive effects on BP levels. The aim of this study is to determine if nonsurgical periodontal treatment can help BP level control in prehypertensive patients with periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-five patients were included in the study and received nonsurgical periodontal treatment according to necessity. Clinical data, periodontal data, and BP measurements were taken at baseline, periodontal re-evaluation visit (4-6 weeks after treatment), and 6-month follow-up.
RESULTS
Periodontal treatment caused a statistically significant reduction ( < 0.05) of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at re-evaluation visit of 4.7 ( = 0.016) and 3.4 mm Hg ( = 0.015), respectively. The effect was maintained at 6-month follow-up visit with a reduction in SBP and DBP of 5.2 ( = 0.007) and 3.7 ( = 0.003) mm Hg, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Despite the limitations of this study, it suggests that nonsurgical periodontal treatment can be effective in lowering BP levels in patients with prehypertension and periodontitis. Moreover, it highlights the importance of dentists in prevention, detection, and control of this important cardiovascular risk factor.
PubMed: 37729932
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772246 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023Global burden of hypertension among young people continues to increase. There have been many studies examining the effect of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical...
The mediation role of physical fitness in association between muscle-strengthening physical activities and its component with blood pressure among young adults: considering gender and abnormal blood pressure as moderators, moderate-vigorous physical activity, sleep behavior, sedentary behavior,...
BACKGROUND
Global burden of hypertension among young people continues to increase. There have been many studies examining the effect of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity on blood pressure, many of them didn't consider interdependence between them. Conflicting results of health-related fitness, particularly handgrip strength, as intermediate outcomes of muscle-strengthening physical activity on blood pressure also emerged. This research will carry out a mediation-moderation analysis to find out the relationship between muscle strengthening physical activity and blood pressure among young adults by considering health-related fitness and 24-hour movement behavior.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study among 221 Indonesian young adults attending a physical activity intervention collected participant's muscle-strengthening physical activity, and 24 h movement behavior, including aerobic physical activity, sedentary and sleep behavior, and mental well-being using validated questionnaires. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted using Process Macro model 10 on SPSS 25 to investigate the association of muscle-strengthening physical activity on blood pressure, with gender and blood pressure as moderator, mediators consist of handgrip strength, muscle mass percentage and cardiorespiratory fitness. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on participant's cardiorespiratory fitness level.
RESULTS
Volume of muscle-strengthening physical activities in a week have a direct association with systolic blood pressure among prehypertensive male with an effect of 0,00989359 (95% CI 0,0046488 to 0,00336478). Considering its volume as mediator, the frequency of muscle-strengthening physical activity contributed to a significant direct effect on diastolic blood pressure in both genders, but the duration of MSPA has a significant direct effect on systolic blood pressure in male subjects. There is no component of physical fitness that provides a significant mediating effect. After a subgroup analysis, the relationship between MSPA Volume and blood pressure is not significant for individuals with a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness.
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that increased participation in muscle strengthening physical activity, especially in subject with low cardiorespiratory fitness, could increase blood pressure in prehypertensive young adult male population without mediation by physical fitness. Further research is needed to investigate other mechanisms that influence this relationship.
PubMed: 37799780
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1158893 -
PloS One 2023Hypertension (HTN) stands as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) and premature death globally. Understanding its prevalence and risk...
Hypertension (HTN) stands as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) and premature death globally. Understanding its prevalence and risk factors is essential for effective prevention and management of HTN. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Pre-hypertension (pre-HTN), HTN, and its risk factors in adults participating in the Zahedan adult cohort study (ZACS). This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of the ZACS. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential risk factors. Among the 10,016 participants in this study, 60.89% were women, with an average age of 50.44 ± 9.18 years. The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 42.03% (men 45.44%, women 39.84%) and 18.47% (men 21.09%, women 16.79%), respectively. Being male, older age, having higher socioeconomic status (SES), being overweight and obese, having a family history of HTN, comorbidities such as diabetes and CVD, as well as abnormal blood lipid levels (triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) were the most significant predictors of pre-HTN and HTN. These findings highlight that more than half of the participants in this study exhibit pre-HTN or HTN, placing them at risk for CVD and stroke. Implementing comprehensive preventive strategies tailored to these identified risk factors is imperative to alleviate the disease burden, enhance disease management, and improve HTN treatment and control.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Cohort Studies; Prehypertension; Prevalence; Iran; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hypertension; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38060532
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295270 -
BMC Public Health Dec 2023People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of developing hypertension compared to HIV uninfected individuals. HIV assisted partner services (aPS), where PLWH are...
BACKGROUND
People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of developing hypertension compared to HIV uninfected individuals. HIV assisted partner services (aPS), where PLWH are assisted by a healthcare provider to disclose their status to sexual and / or drug injecting partner(s), offers an opportunity for integrated HIV and hypertension screening. We evaluated the feasibility of the aPS model in supporting integrated HIV and hypertension screening at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya.
METHODS
Between August 2019 and December 2020, we conducted a pre-post intervention study. We enrolled women receiving HIV testing services (HTS) with confirmed hypertension (female index clients) and traced their male relatives for HIV and hypertension screening and reviewed management at 3-months. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg, and/or use of antihypertensive medication.
RESULTS
One hundred female index clients (median age: 55 years; interquartile range (IQR): 47-65) mentioned 165 male relatives (median: 49 years; IQR: 40-59) of whom 35% (n = 58/165) were enrolled. Of the male relatives, 29% had hypertension (n = 17/58), 34% had pre-hypertension (n = 20/58), and none were HIV-positive (n = 0/58). Among the female index clients, there was a statistically significant decline in SBP (pre: 156 mmHg, post: 133 mmHg, p-value: < 0.0001) and DBP (pre: 97 mmHg, post: 80 mmHg, p-value: < 0.0001), and increase in antihypertensive medication uptake (pre: 91%, n = 84/92; post: 98%, n = 90/92; X: 4.3931, p-value: 0.036) relative to baseline. Among the male relatives, there was a statistically significant increase in antihypertensive medication uptake among those with hypertension (pre: 13%, n = 6/46; post: 17%, n = 8/46; X: 32.7750, p-value: < 0.0001) relative to baseline.
CONCLUSION
HIV aPS holds promise for integrated HIV and hypertension screening among at-risk clients and their families. Twenty-nine percent of the male relatives had hypertension, higher than the national prevalence (24%), while one-third had pre-hypertension. We observed relatively high participant retention, reductions in blood pressure, and increase in antihypertensive medication uptake among those with confirmed hypertension. Future research expanding the aPS model to other non-communicable diseases through larger studies with longer follow-ups is required to better assess causal relationships and optimize integrated service delivery.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; HIV Infections; Hypertension; Kenya; Prehypertension; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Mass Screening
PubMed: 38041061
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17205-2 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Apr 2024Previous research investigating the correlation between prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and subsequent blood pressure (BP) in offspring...
Previous research investigating the correlation between prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and subsequent blood pressure (BP) in offspring has yielded limited and contradictory findings. This study was conducted to investigate the potential relationship between maternal PFAS levels during pregnancy and subsequent BP in early childhood. A total of 129 expectant mothers from the Shanghai Birth Cohort were included in the study. Using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, we measured ten PFAS compounds in maternal plasma throughout the pregnancy. When the children reached the age of 4, we examined their systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), along with mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP). Data interpretation employed multiple linear and logistic regression models, complemented by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR).We found that the majority of PFAS concentrations remained stable during pregnancy. The linear and BKMR models indicated a positive relationship between the PFAS mixture in maternal plasma and offspring's DBP and MAP, with perfluorohexanesulphonic acid (PFHxS) having the most significant influence (PFHxS and DBP [first trimester:β=3.03, 95%CI: (1.01,5.05); second trimester: β=2.35, 95%CI: (0.94,3.75); third trimester: β=2.57, 95%CI:(0.80,4.34)]; MAP [first trimester:β=2.55, 95%CI: (0.64,4.45); second trimester: β=2.28, 95%CI: (0.95,3.61); third trimester: β=2.35, 95%CI:(0.68,4.01)]). Logistic regression highlighted an increased risk of prehypertension and hypertension in offspring with higher maternal PFHxS concentrations during all three trimesters [first trimester: OR=2.53, 95%CI:(1.11,5.79), second trimester: OR=2.05, 95%CI:(1.11,3.78), third trimester: OR=3.08, 95%CI:(1.40,6.79)]. A positive correlation was identified between the half-lives of PFAS and the odds ratio (OR) of prehypertension and hypertension in childhood (β=0.139, P=0.010). In conclusion, this research found maternal plasma PFAS concentrations to be positively associated with BP in offspring, with PFHxS showing the most significant influence. This correlation remained consistent throughout pregnancy, and this effect was proportional to the half-lives of PFAS.
Topics: Child; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Child, Preschool; Blood Pressure; Prehypertension; Bayes Theorem; Environmental Pollutants; Fluorocarbons; China; Hypertension; Alkanesulfonic Acids
PubMed: 38513531
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116220