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Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Pigs are widely used as animal models in various studies related to humans. The interaction between the gut microbiota and the host has significant effects on the host's...
Pigs are widely used as animal models in various studies related to humans. The interaction between the gut microbiota and the host has significant effects on the host's health and disease status. However, although there have been many studies investigating the pig gut microbiota, the findings have been inconsistent due to variations in rearing conditions. Interactions between the gut microbiota and host have not been fully explored in pigs. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs are ideal non-primate large animals to study the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host. In this study, we performed high-throughput sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota and the gut tissue transcriptome of six SPF pigs to provide a systematic understanding of the composition, function, and spatial distribution of gut microbiota in SPF pigs. We identified significant differences in microbial diversity and functionality among different gastrointestinal tract sites. Metagenomics data analysis revealed significant differences in alpha diversity and beta diversity of microbiota in different gastrointestinal sites of SPF pigs. Additionally, transcriptomic data indicated significant differences in gene expression as well as KEGG and GO functional enrichment between the small intestine and large intestine. Furthermore, by combining microbial metagenomics and host transcriptomics analyses, specific correlations were found between gut microbiota and host genes. These included a negative correlation between the gene and , possibly related to bacterial metabolic pathways involving vitamin B12, and a positive correlation between the gene and , possibly because both are involved in fatty acid metabolism. These findings lay the groundwork for further exploration of the co-evolution between the microbiota and the host, specifically in relation to nutrition, metabolism, and immunity. In conclusion, we have elucidated the diversity of the gut microbiota in SPF pigs and conducted a detailed investigation into the interactions between the gut microbiota and host gene expression. These results contribute to our understanding of the intricate dynamics between the gut microbiota and the host, offering important references for advancements in life science research, bioproduct production, and sustainable development in animal husbandry.
PubMed: 38800748
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1402807 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2024The activation of inflammasomes is thought to induce the inflammatory process around dental implants. No information is available on the correlation between microbiota...
The activation of inflammasomes is thought to induce the inflammatory process around dental implants. No information is available on the correlation between microbiota and inflammasomes in clinical samples from patients suffering peri-implantitis. For this cross-sectional study, 30 biofilm samples were obtained from 19 patients undergoing surgical treatment for peri-implantitis because of the presence of bleeding on probing, probing depth higher than 6 mm, and radiographic bone loss higher than 3 mm. Then, soft tissue samples from around the implant were also collected. The relative abundance of bacteria and alpha-diversity indexes were calculated after analyzing the 16S rRNA gene using next-generation sequencing. The soft-tissue samples were processed for evaluation of the inflammasomes NLRP3 and AIM2 as well as caspase-1 and IL-1β. The relative abundance (mean (SD)) of specific species indicated that the most abundant species were (10.95 (14.17)%), (10.93 (13.18)%), (5.89 (7.23)%), (3.88 (4.94)%), (2.91 (3.19)%), and (2.84 (4.15)%). Several correlations were found between the species and the immunohistochemical detection of the inflammasomes NLRP3 and AIM2 as well as caspase-1 and IL-1β, both in the epithelium and the lamina propria. A network analysis found an important cluster of variables formed by NLRP3 in the lamina propria and AIM2, caspase-1, and IL-1β in the lamina propria and the epithelium with , , , or . Thus, it could be concluded that inflammasomes NLRP3 and AIM2 and their downstream effectors caspase-1 and interleukin-1β can be significantly associated with specific bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Inflammasomes; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Peri-Implantitis; Cross-Sectional Studies; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Microbiota; Caspase 1
PubMed: 38256037
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020961