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Aesthetic Surgery Journal Nov 2023Precise injection technique is vital for avoiding suboptimal eyebrow position when treating glabellar lines with botulinum toxin type A.
BACKGROUND
Precise injection technique is vital for avoiding suboptimal eyebrow position when treating glabellar lines with botulinum toxin type A.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of glabellar injection technique on eyebrow position in patients treated with DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection (DAXI).
METHODS
This retrospective post hoc analysis involved 60 adults who received a single treatment with DAXI 40 U to the glabella and had standardized facial photography. Median vertical and horizontal displacement of the brows (at rest) at baseline and 2 weeks after glabellar injection were measured. Brow position outcomes were evaluated by an oculoplastic surgeon and expert anatomist. Investigators were interviewed to ascertain individual injection techniques.
RESULTS
Precise injection location and depth, and median resting brow position following treatment varied between investigators. Positive brow outcomes were achieved with deep DAXI injections into the medial corrugator, superficial lateral corrugator injections placed between the midpupil and lateral limbus, and deep midline procerus injections. Glabellar injection technique that more precisely targeted the corrugator muscles resulted in longer glabellar line treatment duration compared to a less targeted technique. Medial corrugator injections above the medial brow; lateral corrugator injections administered deeply or more medially, toward the medial third of the brow; and procerus injections superior to the inferomedial brow tended to be associated with suboptimal outcomes that were more apparent during dynamic expression.
CONCLUSIONS
Aesthetically pleasing brow outcomes and greater duration of efficacy can be achieved with an injection pattern that precisely treats the anatomic location of the corrugator supercilii and procerus muscles, avoiding the frontalis.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Retrospective Studies; Skin Aging; Injections; Rhytidoplasty; Forehead; Neuromuscular Agents
PubMed: 36322141
DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjac002 -
Toxins Jul 2023The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical activity on the durability of the esthetic effect of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A). Sixty female patients...
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical activity on the durability of the esthetic effect of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A). Sixty female patients were allocated to three groups ( = 20) according to their physical activity level (PA): Low PA, Moderate PA, and High PA. All groups received a single injection of onabotulinumtoxinA, considering standardized doses in the frontalis (12U), corrugator supercilia (7U, each), and procerus muscles (4U). Outcomes were measured using electromyography (EMG), Merz 5-point scales, and Face-Q scales (perceived age and lines between eyebrows). A follow-up occurred after 30, 60, and 90 days. EMG results showed a significant decrease in muscle activity in the Low-PA group at all follow-ups compared with the other groups ( < 0.001). The Merz scale scores showed that the severity of forehead and glabellar lines significantly improved in the Low-PA group throughout this study compared with the other groups ( < 0.001). No significant differences between groups were found in the Face-Q scale for perceived age, while the Face-Q scale for lines between eyebrows showed better results for Low-PA ( < 0.01) and Moderate-PA ( < 0.01) groups compared to the High-PA group at the 30- and 90-day follow-ups. The durability of the esthetic effect of BoNT-A seems to be negatively influenced by the level of physical activity.
Topics: Humans; Female; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Neuromuscular Agents; Single-Blind Method; Skin Aging; Exercise; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37505732
DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070463