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CA: a Cancer Journal For Clinicians 2023Increased attention to the rehabilitation needs of children with cancer is vital to enhance health, quality-of-life, and productivity outcomes. Among adults with cancer,... (Review)
Review
Increased attention to the rehabilitation needs of children with cancer is vital to enhance health, quality-of-life, and productivity outcomes. Among adults with cancer, rehabilitation recommendations are frequently incorporated into guidelines, but the extent to which recommendations exist for children is unknown. Reports included in this systematic review are guideline or expert consensus reports containing recommendations related to rehabilitation referral, evaluation, and/or intervention for individuals diagnosed with cancer during childhood (younger than 18 years). Eligible reports were published in English from January 2000 to August 2022. Through database searches, 42,982 records were identified; 62 records were identified through citation and website searching. Twenty-eight reports were included in the review: 18 guidelines and 10 expert consensus reports. Rehabilitation recommendations were identified in disease-specific (e.g., acute lymphoblastic leukemia), impairment-specific (e.g., fatigue, neurocognition, pain), adolescent and young adult, and long-term follow-up reports. Example recommendations included physical activity and energy-conservation techniques to address fatigue, referral to physical therapy for chronic pain management, ongoing psychosocial surveillance, and referral to speech-language pathology for those with hearing loss. High-level evidence supported rehabilitation recommendations for long-term follow-up care, fatigue, and psychosocial/mental health screening. Few intervention recommendations were included in guideline and consensus reports. In this developing field, it is critical to include pediatric oncology rehabilitation providers in guideline and consensus development initiatives. This review enhances the availability and clarity of rehabilitation-relevant guidelines that can help prevent and mitigate cancer-related disability among children by supporting access to rehabilitation services.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Child; Consensus; Exercise; Delivery of Health Care; Neoplasms; Medical Oncology
PubMed: 37158423
DOI: 10.3322/caac.21783 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Aug 2023We conceptualize and define endocrine and metabolic prehabilitation as enhancement of physical, psychosocial and social health, prior to a planned medical, surgical or...
We conceptualize and define endocrine and metabolic prehabilitation as enhancement of physical, psychosocial and social health, prior to a planned medical, surgical or radiotherapeutic endocrine/metabolic intervention, in order to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes during and after the procedure. This is similar to, but different from the process of endocrine rehabilitation, which follows endocrine therapy. All health care professionals, working as a team, should take responsibility of endocrine prehabilitation.
Topics: Humans; Preoperative Exercise; Health Personnel; Medicine; Physical Examination
PubMed: 37697776
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.23-56 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023
PubMed: 37868611
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1265258 -
The Journal of International Advanced... Jan 2024Vestibular frailty and presbyvestibulopathy, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), can cause dizziness among elderly patients. Vestibular frailty and...
Vestibular frailty and presbyvestibulopathy, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), can cause dizziness among elderly patients. Vestibular frailty and presbyvestibulopathy may contribute to the onset of the vicious circle of falling-bone fracture-prolonged bedridden status-senile dementia. Treatment interventions for vestibular frailty and presbyvestibulopathy should be based on vestibular rehabilitation rather than vestibular implantation or regeneration. In acute BPPV, the otolith repositioning maneuver can be used to return otolithic debris to the utricle. At the chronic remission stage, there are nutritional guidelines for improving bone density in otolith organs and rehabilitation guidelines for activating otolith organs to prevent exfoliation. Moreover, sleeping in the head-up position can prevent free-floating debris from entering the semicircular canal. Throughout their old age, the psychiatric care/support is also indispensable to keep their initiative against vestibular frailty.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Frailty; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Dizziness; Vestibule, Labyrinth; Semicircular Canals
PubMed: 38454293
DOI: 10.5152/iao.2024.231181 -
Current Neurology and Neuroscience... Dec 2023Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, there has been increasing... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in VNS for treating ischemic stroke. This review discusses the evidence supporting VNS as a treatment option for ischemic stroke and elucidates its underlying mechanisms.
RECENT FINDINGS
Preclinical studies investigating VNS in stroke models have shown reduced infarct volumes and improved neurological deficits. Additionally, VNS has been found to reduce reperfusion injury. VNS may promote neuroprotection by reducing inflammation, enhancing cerebral blood flow, and modulating the release of neurotransmitters. Additionally, VNS may stimulate neuroplasticity, thereby facilitating post-stroke recovery. The Food and Drug Administration has approved invasive VNS (iVNS) combined with rehabilitation for ischemic stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb deficits. However, iVNS is not feasible in acute stroke due to its time-sensitive nature. Non-invasive VNS (nVNS) may be an alternative approach for treating ischemic stroke. While the evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials of nVNS is promising, the mechanisms through which VNS exerts its beneficial effects on ischemic stroke are still being elucidated. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nVNS in ischemic stroke. Moreover, large-scale randomized clinical trials are necessary to determine the optimal nVNS protocols, assess its long-term effects on stroke recovery and outcomes, and identify the potential benefits of combining nVNS with other rehabilitation strategies.
Topics: Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Brain Ischemia; Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Stroke; Upper Extremity; Stroke Rehabilitation
PubMed: 38008851
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01323-w -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Apr 2024The number of people suffering from diabetes, including type 1, is constantly increasing both in Poland and worldwide. Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized... (Review)
Review
The number of people suffering from diabetes, including type 1, is constantly increasing both in Poland and worldwide. Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by uncertain prognosis and relapses, as well as permanent, irreversible, and progressive changes in health status. The ongoing disease results in dysfunction or disability, and the patient requires specialized supervision, care, and rehabilitation. However, the success of therapy does not depend solely on the perfection of treatment, but also on the patient's readiness to change their lifestyle and cooperate with the therapeutic team. The patient's constant alertness in making therapeutic decisions does not always lead to expected treatment results, and the risk of hypoglycemia associated with intensive insulin treatment depletes the patient's motivation for treatment, leading over time to the development of 'therapeutic burnout' and psychiatric disorders. This narrative review is an attempt to summarize the knowledge and possible future solutions in diabetes type 1 in Poland as well as highlight the importance of comprehensive care, including psychological care, which appears fundamental in a chronic disease such as type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to present generational changes and psychosocial problems of patients with type 1 diabetes and to identify urgent challenges in diabetic care. Attention should be paid to the deteriorating mental condition of the young generations, who, in the course of diabetes, are exposed to additional psychological and psychiatric health problems. The next generation of patients will require more psychological care, which is why the challenge of the future is to create psychodiabetology centers.
PubMed: 38673509
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082236 -
Brain Stimulation 2023Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has gained enormous traction as a promising bioelectronic therapy. In particular, the delivery of VNS paired with training to promote... (Review)
Review
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has gained enormous traction as a promising bioelectronic therapy. In particular, the delivery of VNS paired with training to promote neural changes has demonstrated clinical success for stroke recovery and found far-reaching application in other domains, from autism to psychiatric disorders to normal learning. The success of paired VNS has been extensively documented. Here, we consider a more unusual question: why does VNS have such broad utility, and perhaps more importantly, when does VNS not work? We present a discussion of the concepts that underlie VNS therapy and an anthology of studies that describe conditions in which these concepts are violated and VNS fails. We focus specifically on the mechanisms engaged by implanted VNS, and how the parameters of stimulation, stimulation method, pharmacological manipulations, accompanying comorbidities, and specifics of concurrent training interact with these mechanisms to impact the efficacy of VNS therapy. As paired VNS therapy is increasing translated to clinical implementation, a clear understanding of the conditions in which it does, and critically, does not work is fundamental to the success of this approach.
Topics: Humans; Stroke Rehabilitation; Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Recovery of Function; Stroke; Vagus Nerve
PubMed: 37595833
DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.08.009