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Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi Jan 2024Isolated thoracic trauma is rare in children. Because of their small body size, the trauma often also affects other spaces, such as the abdomen and head, and these... (Review)
Review
Isolated thoracic trauma is rare in children. Because of their small body size, the trauma often also affects other spaces, such as the abdomen and head, and these coexistences significantly increase the rate of mortality. However, in isolated thoracic traumas, the children can quickly recover if they can survive the initial period of trauma. Pediatric thoracic trauma cases can have a different clinical course compared to adults due to the unique anatomic and physiologic properties of children's thoracic cages. Their ribs are nonossified and are very elastic, and therefore, as their ribs can sustain significant deformation without breaking, some significant intrathoracic injuries can be overlooked. In this review, the most common thoracic injuries, including pulmonary contusion, hemopneumothorax, pulmonary laceration, rib fractures, flail chest, tracheobronchial injuries, traumatic asphyxia, and other less common mediastinal injuries are discussed in detail in regard of clinical presentation and management.
PubMed: 38584786
DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2024.25746 -
Facial Plastic Surgery : FPS Apr 2024Microtia-atresia is a congenital deformity affecting the external ear and ear canal that can present with varying degrees of severity and morbidity. Treatment occurs...
Microtia-atresia is a congenital deformity affecting the external ear and ear canal that can present with varying degrees of severity and morbidity. Treatment occurs along a spectrum and primarily centers on improving aesthetic appearance. Many cases of microtia will not be effectively treated with conservative measures and will require some form of reconstruction. There are several options available, including porous polyethylene implants, autologous rib grafting, and autologous chondrocyte frameworks. Equally significant is the treatment of hearing loss, as many patients with microtia-atresia will have a component of conductive hearing loss. This article aims to comprehensively review contemporary treatment modalities for microtia-atresia and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and practicality of each. Treatment and reconstruction often take a multidisciplinary and multistaged approach to achieve optimal results, with ideal management determined by each patient's individualized needs.
PubMed: 38588716
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785454 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Mar 2024Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a rare, benign, self-limited bone disorder with a relatively low incidence, accounting for approximately 0.2% of all primary bone tumors.... (Review)
Review
Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a rare, benign, self-limited bone disorder with a relatively low incidence, accounting for approximately 0.2% of all primary bone tumors. It was frequently found intra-cortical of the mid-shaft of the tibia. OFD can also occur in other skeletal regions, including the fibula, ulna, radius, femur, humerus, ischium, rib, tarsus, metatarsals, vertebral, and capitate. OFD can present with asymptomatic, mass, pain, swelling, deformity, and even pathological fracture. OFD might be misdiagnosed as adamantinoma (AD) and because they are three subtypes origin from the same family of bone tumors and have similar imaging features. Moreover, pathology could provide evidence for an accurate diagnosis of OFD, but misdiagnosis may occur due to small sampling materials. To date, few studies have comprehensively introduced the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, radiological features, pathology, and treatment for OFD. We herein discuss clinical signs, diagnosis methods, and treatment options of OFD to improve the understanding of OFD, which is helpful for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Topics: Humans; Adamantinoma; Bone Neoplasms; Tibia; Bone Diseases, Developmental; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone
PubMed: 38539216
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04682-3 -
Journal of Clinical Anesthesia Dec 2023Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) has become an increasingly common management strategy for traumatic rib fractures. Although historically managed with... (Review)
Review
Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) has become an increasingly common management strategy for traumatic rib fractures. Although historically managed with supportive care, patients with multiple rib fractures and flail chest increasingly undergo SSRF, and so the anesthesiologist must be well-versed in the perioperative management and pain control for these patients, as controlling pain in this population is associated with decreased length of stay and improved outcomes. There are multiple modalities that can be used for both pain control and as part of the anesthetic plan in patients undergoing SSRF. This narrative review provides a comprehensive summary of anesthetic considerations for surgical rib fracture patients, covering the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. We describe an approach to the assessment of high-risk patients, analgesic and anesthetic techniques including emerging techniques within locoregional anesthesia, ventilation strategies, and potential complications. This review also identifies areas where additional research is needed to ensure optimal anesthetic management for patients undergoing SSRF.
Topics: Humans; Rib Fractures; Fracture Fixation; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Length of Stay; Anesthetics; Pain; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37797395
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111275