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Archives of Razi Institute Dec 2023Scabies is an infectious disease. Based on preliminary observations, numerous scabies sufferers have been found among students living in As'ad Islamic Boarding School,... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Scabies is an infectious disease. Based on preliminary observations, numerous scabies sufferers have been found among students living in As'ad Islamic Boarding School, Jambi City, Indonesia. Scabies disease develops in humans and can be influenced by both human factors and the environment. This study aims to identify factors associated with scabies incidence at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School. This analytical observational research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design. The variables measured were scabies symptoms, knowledge, personal hygiene, contact history, humidity, and room occupancy density. The research samples consisted of 178 students at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City, who were selected randomly. The required data were collected by questionnaires and analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression. Most of the students had crowded living conditions (94.4%), low room humidity (80.8%), poor personal hygiene (66.3%), a low level of knowledge about scabies (70.8%), contact with scabies sufferers (61.8%), and symptoms of scabies (60.7%). Symptoms of scabies were related to knowledge (P=0.000), personal hygiene (P=0.000), contact history (P=0.000), humidity (P=0.000), and room occupancy density (P=0.001). The incidence of scabies in students at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School was influenced by insufficient knowledge, poor personal hygiene, history of contact, low humidity, and overcrowding.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Incidence; Male; Female; Adolescent; Schools; Indonesia; Hygiene; Students; Child; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38828170
DOI: 10.32592/ARI.2023.78.6.1719 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Jun 2024The epidemiology of scabies is poorly understood, particularly in regions with high disease burden. This lack of epidemiological data, especially in sub-Saharan Africa,...
BACKGROUND
The epidemiology of scabies is poorly understood, particularly in regions with high disease burden. This lack of epidemiological data, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, hampers the control and preventative measures. This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence and associated risk factors of scabies and impetigo in the Nata and Sowa catchment areas of Tutume district.
METHODOLOGY
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Tutume District, targeting the settlements of Manxhotae, Malelejwe, Ndutshaa, and Tshwaane. Participants were randomly selected from households in the settlements. Data were collected using questionnaires, and participants were classified as having scabies typical lesions if they met criteria B and or C of International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) consensus criteria. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, with a 95% confidence interval for precision.
RESULTS
A total of 429 participants were enrolled across the four settlements. The overall prevalence of scabies was found to be 18.18% (95%CI 14.8-22.1). The highest prevalence of scabies was in Manxhotae at 27.1% (95%CI 21.2-34.0) and Ndutshaa at 23.4% (95%CI 13.4-37.3). Malelejwe and Tshwaane had lower prevalence of 10.4% (95%CI 6.2-16.8) and 3.4% (95%CI 0.8-12.7), respectively. Only five (5) cases of impetigo were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age of 0-4 years, 5-18 years and a household member with an itch were strongly associated with scabies, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 7.9 (95%CI 2.4-25.6) p-value 0.001, 5.7(95%CI 2.7-11.7), p-value 0.001 and 14.3(95%CI 5.3-38.5) p-value 0.001 respectively.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of scabies in the Nata catchment area was noted to be high. The risk factors included younger age, a household member with an itch, and less frequent bathing. Prospective studies are needed to explore household disease transmission dynamics and risk factors specific to the youth.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Female; Impetigo; Adolescent; Risk Factors; Prevalence; Child; Adult; Child, Preschool; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Botswana; Infant; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38829884
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011495 -
Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi Dec 2023This study examines the risk of malaria, leishmaniasis, and scabies following earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye. The focus is on the impact on the local population...
This study examines the risk of malaria, leishmaniasis, and scabies following earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye. The focus is on the impact on the local population and Syrian immigrants. Recommendations for prevention include vector control measures such as indoor residual spraying and distribution of insecticidal nets. Surveillance and early detection through rapid diagnostic tests and active case finding are important. Public awareness campaigns and community engagement are crucial for promoting protective measures. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, providing essential supplies, and capacity building is essential. For leishmaniasis, early detection and treatment, vector control, health education, and community engagement are vital. Scabies outbreaks affect the socioeconomically depressed local population and Syrian immigrants. Early detection, treatment, contact tracing, health education, hygiene promotion, and improved living conditions are necessary. Implementing these interventions and strategies can effectively prevent, control, and manage these diseases. Tailoring approaches to the specific context and needs of affected communities is crucial. By addressing these challenges, we can protect the health and well-being of the affected population.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Scabies; Mosquito Control; Earthquakes; Mosquito Vectors; Insecticides; Malaria; Leishmaniasis
PubMed: 38149448
DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.26122 -
BMC Veterinary Research Oct 2023Sarcoptic mange is a common, pruritic parasitic skin disease of dogs. Due to its highly contagious character, it represents a potential veterinary and public health... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sarcoptic mange is a common, pruritic parasitic skin disease of dogs. Due to its highly contagious character, it represents a potential veterinary and public health risk. Because of clinical similarity with other diseases, cross-antigenicity, and low sensitivity of available diagnostic methods, therapeutical trial is frequently used to confirm the disease. Considering the variety of available acaricidal molecules as well as the need to use the most effective treatment, the present paper reviews evidence comparing different types of systemic treatment of canine scabies.
RESULTS
Analysis of the results showed that afoxolaner, fluralaner and sarolaner as well as several macrocyclic lactones such as selamectin, moxidectin and milbemycin oxime can lead to parasitological and clinical cure.
CONCLUSION
The similarity in the clinical and parasitological efficacy of these substances enhances the need for comparative studies, which could allow the identification of the most efficacious product.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Scabies; Dog Diseases; Acaricides; Administration, Cutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Sarcoptes scabiei
PubMed: 37798627
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03759-1 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Sep 2023To summarize the image features of dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in children with scabies, and to explore the clinical significance in the...
OBJECTIVE
To summarize the image features of dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in children with scabies, and to explore the clinical significance in the diagnosis of children scabies.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 children scabies diagnosed clinically in the dermatology outpatient department of Tianjin Children's Hospital from April 2018 to June 2022. All children were examined by dermatoscopy and RCM, and images were collected.
RESULTS
102 patients, 92 patients (90.2%) showed characteristic dermoscopic manifestations: white tunnels and small brown or dark brown triangular structures at their ends. 91 patients (89.2%) showed characteristic reflectance confocal microscopic manifestations: tunnels, scabies mites, feces, and eggs in the epidermal layer. All patients showed different degrees of non-specific manifestations of dermoscopy and RCM.
CONCLUSION
Children scabies have typical dermatoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic characteristics, and dermatoscopy and RCM are effective non-invasive diagnostic methods with high clinical application value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of children scabies.
PubMed: 37753693
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13459 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Apr 2024Scabies is a pruritic skin infestation with a globally increasing prevalence. Sleep problems and impaired social and personal interactions, mainly due to itching, have...
INTRODUCTION
Scabies is a pruritic skin infestation with a globally increasing prevalence. Sleep problems and impaired social and personal interactions, mainly due to itching, have been reported.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to determine the influence of scabies on quality of life and psychosocial health using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) and analyze whether there is a correlation between the two scales and any sociodemographic and clinical characteristic.
METHODS
Scabies patients (>16 years) who presented to our outpatient clinics were enrolled. Age, sex, occupation, marital status, and education level and clinical features were recorded. DLQI and DASS-42 were used. Possible influence of demographic and clinical characteristics on total scores were analyzed. The Spearman coefficient analysis was performed to determine whether there is a correlation between these scores.
RESULTS
Of 92 patients (mean age:37.76±15.355, Female/Male: 1.09/1), 63% were married and 35.9% were high-school graduates; 27.2% and 23.9% were housewives and officers, respectively. Disease was generalized in 57.6% and duration of disease was mostly <4 weeks. Mean DLQI and DASS-42 scores were 13.16±7.638 and 42.10±30.644, respectively. Symptoms/feelings were affected predominantly. DLQI was affected 'severely' in 41.3% of patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Impairment of DLQI is a significant predictive parameter for higher DASS levels. Scabies is not only associated with impairment in DLQI but may also lead to psychosocial problems. All scabies patients should be evaluated and consulted-if needed-for possible problems of psychosocial status, including depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as clinical symptoms and secondary complications.
PubMed: 38810073
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a112 -
Danish Medical Journal Aug 2023Patients with scabies are often misdiagnosed before being attended by a dermatologist. The aim of this study was to use a smartphone app to screen individuals from the...
INTRODUCTION
Patients with scabies are often misdiagnosed before being attended by a dermatologist. The aim of this study was to use a smartphone app to screen individuals from the general population with scabies symptoms.
METHODS
Subjects who suspected that they had scabies were recruited online and downloaded a app tailored for this study. A questionnaire on symptoms was completed and photos of the skin were uploaded from within the app. Two physicians, a board-certified dermatologist and a resident dermatologist, evaluated the requests by categorising the scabies risk of each case, and categorisation triggered an auto-generated response describing the level of scabies and letting the participant know whether to contact a general practitioner or not.
RESULTS
Within 15 days of advertisement, 228 requests were sent (71% women); mean age 24 years (standard deviation: ± 10.0). Itch was experienced by 90% (n = 208) and rash by 76% (n = 174). The rash was distributed bilaterally in 79% (n = 138). The areas of rash localisation were: arms (63%), hands (56%), legs (55%), abdomen (52%), inner thigh (45%), chest (26%), genitals (24%), head and neck (17%) and axilla (16%). 5% of all cases evaluated by either the senior or junior physician were evaluated as having a high risk of scabies.
CONCLUSION
In a very short time, the app received a high number of requests from individuals worrying about scabies; 5% of the incoming requests were categorised as carrying a high risk of having scabies. Mobile apps are a helpful tool to screen for scabies in primary care settings.
FUNDING
Omhu A/S.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Not relevant.
Topics: Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Male; Scabies; Mobile Applications; Skin; Exanthema; Axilla
PubMed: 37622645
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Permethrin; Insecticides; Ivermectin
PubMed: 38029237
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1297337 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Jan 2024Little attention has been paid to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in high-income countries and no literature provides an overview of NTDs in Japan. This scoping... (Review)
Review
Little attention has been paid to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in high-income countries and no literature provides an overview of NTDs in Japan. This scoping review aims to synthesize the latest evidence and information to understand epidemiology of and public health response to NTDs in Japan. Using three academic databases, we retrieved articles that mentioned NTDs in Japan, written in English or Japanese, and published between 2010 and 2020. Websites of key public health institutions and medical societies were also explored. From these sources of information, we extracted data that were relevant to answering our research questions. Our findings revealed the transmission of alveolar echinococcosis, Buruli ulcer, Chagas disease, dengue, foodborne trematodiases, mycetoma, scabies, and soil-transmitted helminthiasis as well as occurrence of snakebites within Japan. Other NTDs, such as chikungunya, cystic echinococcosis, cysticercosis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, rabies, and schistosomiasis, have been imported into the country. Government agencies tend to organize surveillance and control programs only for the NTDs targeted by the Infectious Disease Control Law, namely, echinococcosis, rabies, dengue, and chikungunya. At least one laboratory offers diagnostic testing for each NTD except for dracunculiasis, human African trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis, and yaws. No medicine is approved for treatment of Chagas disease and fascioliasis and only off-label use drugs are available for cysticercosis, opisthorchiasis, human African trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, and yaws. Based on these findings, we developed disease-specific recommendations. In addition, three policy issues are discussed, such as lack of legal frameworks to organize responses to some NTDs, overreliance on researchers to procure some NTD products, and unaffordability of unapproved NTD medicines. Japan should recognize the presence of NTDs within the country and need to address them as a national effort. The implications of our findings extend beyond Japan, emphasizing the need to study, recognize, and address NTDs even in high-income countries.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Japan; Onchocerciasis; Trypanosomiasis, African; Neglected Diseases; Rabies; Chikungunya Fever; Yaws; Tropical Medicine; Schistosomiasis; Chagas Disease; Cysticercosis; Dengue
PubMed: 38166156
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011854