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Life (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023MRE has become a standard imaging test for evaluating patients with small bowel pathology, but the indications, interpretation of imaging findings, methodology, and... (Review)
Review
MRE has become a standard imaging test for evaluating patients with small bowel pathology, but the indications, interpretation of imaging findings, methodology, and appropriate use must be standardized and widely known. Several signs of small bowel damage in inflammatory and non-inflammatory small bowel pathology include strictures, abscess, inflammatory activity, sinus tract, wall edema, fistula, mucosal lesions, and mesentery fat hypertrophy, all of which are widely and accurately explained by MRE. MRE is a non-invasive modality that accurately assesses the intra-luminal, parietal, and extra-luminal small bowel. The differential MRE appearance allows us to distinguish between different small bowel pathologies, such as neoplastic and non-neoplastic small bowel diseases. The purpose of this paper is to present the MRE technique, as well as the interpretation of imaging findings, through the approach of a rigorous stepwise methodology.
PubMed: 37629548
DOI: 10.3390/life13081691 -
Annual Review of Psychology Jan 2024Historically, the human sense of smell has been regarded as the odd stepchild of the senses, especially compared to the sensory bravado of seeing, touching, and hearing.... (Review)
Review
Historically, the human sense of smell has been regarded as the odd stepchild of the senses, especially compared to the sensory bravado of seeing, touching, and hearing. The idea that the human olfaction has little to contribute to our experience of the world is commonplace, though with the emergence of COVID-19 there has rather been a sea change in this understanding. An ever increasing body of work has convincingly highlighted the keen capabilities of the human nose and the sophistication of the human olfactory system. Here, we provide a concise overview of the neuroscience of human olfaction spanning the last 10-15 years, with focus on the peripheral and central mechanisms that underlie how odor information is processed, packaged, parceled, predicted, and perturbed to serve odor-guided behaviors. We conclude by offering some guideposts for harnessing the next decade of olfactory research in all its shapes and forms.
Topics: Humans; Smell
PubMed: 37788573
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-042023-101155 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023MRE has become a standard imaging test for evaluating patients with small bowel pathology, but a rigorous methodology for describing and interpreting the pathological... (Review)
Review
Small Bowel Imaging from Stepchild of Roentgenology to MR Enterography, Part II: The Reliable Disclosure of Crohn's Disease and Non-Inflammatory Small Bowel Disorder Plot through MRI Findings.
MRE has become a standard imaging test for evaluating patients with small bowel pathology, but a rigorous methodology for describing and interpreting the pathological findings is mandatory. Strictures, abscess, inflammatory activity, sinus tract, wall edema, fistula, mucosal lesions, strictures, and mesentery fat hypertrophy are all indicators of small bowel damage in inflammatory and non-inflammatory small bowel disease, and they are all commonly and accurately explained by MRE. MRE is a non-invasive modality that accurately assesses the intra-luminal, parietal, and extra-luminal small bowel. Differential MRE appearance allows us to distinguish between Crohn's disease and non-inflammatory small bowel disorder. The purpose of this paper is to present the MRE pathological findings of small bowel disorder.
PubMed: 37763240
DOI: 10.3390/life13091836 -
Reproductive Biomedicine Online Oct 2023How did Danish permanently infertile couples experience surrogacy when going abroad and what impact did the war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic have on this?
RESEARCH QUESTION
How did Danish permanently infertile couples experience surrogacy when going abroad and what impact did the war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic have on this?
DESIGN
A qualitative study was performed between May and September 2022. The in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 permanently infertile couples across Denmark who were in different stages of using surrogacy. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using systematic text condensation.
RESULTS
All except one couple went abroad, mainly to Ukraine, to have an enforceable transparent contract, professionals to advise them and the possibility of using the eggs of the intended mother. They did not feel that this was a 'choice' but rather the only option they had to have the longed-for child. According to current Danish legislation, the intended mother could not obtain legal motherhood over the child, not even through stepchild adoption, and this increased the feeling of not being a 'worthy mother'. This study expanded on the term 'reproductive exile' by identifying four different forms of exile: the exiled Danish couple, the gestational carrier in exile, exile at home and, finally, the reproductive body in exile.
CONCLUSIONS
Understanding infertile couples' experiences when crossing borders is important for several reasons. It may, among others, assist politicians and authorities in developing a sound Danish legal policy on surrogacy to address the current issues of legal parenthood and avoid missing reproductive opportunities for permanently infertile couples.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; COVID-19; Denmark; Infertility; Mothers; Pandemics; Surrogate Mothers; Ukraine; Male
PubMed: 37517186
DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.06.013