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Frontiers in Public Health 2023Individuals with Internet addiction (IA) are at significant risk of suicide-related behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among IA, psychotic-like...
BACKGROUND
Individuals with Internet addiction (IA) are at significant risk of suicide-related behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among IA, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), and suicidal ideation (SI) among college students.
METHODS
A total of 5,366 college students (34.4% male, mean age 20.02 years) were assessed using the self-compiled sociodemographic questionnaires, Revised Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R), 15-item Positive subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P15), Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS), and 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2).
RESULTS
The prevalence of IA and SI were 9.3 and 12.1% among Chinese college students, respectively. There were direct effects of IA and PLEs on SI. The total effect of IA on SI was 0.18 ( < 0.001). PLEs mediated the relationship between IA and SI (Indirect effect = 0.07).
CONCLUSION
IA had both direct and indirect effects on SI. These findings enable us to elucidate the mechanism of how IA influences individual SI, which can provide vital information for developing and implementing targeted interventions and strategies to alleviate SI among Chinese college students.
Topics: Humans; Male; Young Adult; Adult; Female; Suicidal Ideation; Internet Addiction Disorder; Mental Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students
PubMed: 37841710
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276496 -
European Review For Medical and... Oct 2023There is a lack of studies establishing the association between allergic rhinitis (AR) and despair, suicidal thinking, and suicide attempts in adolescents and children...
Association between allergic rhinitis and despair, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in Korean adolescents: a nationally representative study of one million adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
There is a lack of studies establishing the association between allergic rhinitis (AR) and despair, suicidal thinking, and suicide attempts in adolescents and children at a population level. This study aimed to investigate whether there are associations between allergic rhinitis and despair, suicidal thinking, and suicide attempts.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study utilized data from middle through high school adolescents from 2005-2021 who enrolled in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS; 1,067,169). We assessed despair, suicidal thinking, and suicide attempts in the context of both non-atopic and atopic AR. Multivariable analysis was used to determine the association of variables.
RESULTS
The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 28.0%. 1,067,169 enrolled participants were included in the final analysis. There were 299,468 individuals with allergic rhinitis and 767,701 without. In the context of AR, adolescents were more likely to have despair [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.16; 95% CI, 1.15-1.17], suicidal thoughts (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.11-1.13 for model 2), and suicide attempts (aOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.10-1.15 for model 2). Individuals with atopic AR were more likely in almost all measures to have despair, suicidal thinking, and suicide attempts than individuals with non-atopic AR. Females with AR were more likely to have suicide attempts and middle school students were more likely to have despair, suicidal thoughts, and suicide attempts.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study warrant future studies investigating why AR is so closely associated with despair, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts, with the goal of establishing suicide prevention strategies as well as improving overall mental health for adolescents.
Topics: Female; Child; Humans; Adolescent; Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation; Rhinitis, Allergic; Surveys and Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 37843338
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_33952 -
PeerJ 2023COVID-19 has profoundly impacted the mental health and well-being of pregnant women worldwide. In Ethiopia, the poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
COVID-19 has profoundly impacted the mental health and well-being of pregnant women worldwide. In Ethiopia, the poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to provide comprehensive evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women during COVID-19 in Ethiopia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendation. Data were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online from the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic to February 2023. Two researchers extracted the data and performed the methodological quality assessment independently. Random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled effect size and Iwas used to check heterogeneity. Stata 14.0 (StataCorp, Collage Station, Texas, USA) was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
From six studies the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55% (95% CI [0.42-0.69], I = 98.1%, < 0.001). Age ≥ 30 years pooled AOR = 1.95, 95% CI (0.85, 3.06), 3rd trimester pooled AOR = 3.20, 95% CI (1.82, 4.58), substance use pooled AOR = 2.51, 95% CI (0.99, 4.04), depression pooled AOR = 2.97, 95% CI (0.92, 5.02) and stress pooled AOR 2.14, 95% CI (0.24, 4.03) were associated factors of poor sleep quality. Three studies reported about suicidal ideation and pooled prevalence was 11% (95% CI: 0.09, 0.13, I = 48.2%, = 0.145). Depression pooled AOR = 3.19, 95% CI (1.68, 4.71) was the only associated factor of suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSION
Due to COVID-19 pregnant women in Ethiopia were affected by poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation. Thus, suitable and well designed programs proposing awareness of COVID-19, mental health counseling and involvement should be designed to improve the general mental health of pregnant women.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration number CRD42023389896.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Adult; Pregnant Women; Suicidal Ideation; Ethiopia; Pandemics; Sleep Quality; COVID-19
PubMed: 37790617
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16038 -
BMC Medicine Jul 2023Self-harm is an important predictor of a suicide death. Culturally appropriate strategies for the prevention of self-harm and suicide are needed but the evidence is very... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Self-harm is an important predictor of a suicide death. Culturally appropriate strategies for the prevention of self-harm and suicide are needed but the evidence is very limited from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a culturally adapted manual-assisted problem-solving intervention (CMAP) for patients presenting after self-harm.
METHODS
This was a rater-blind, multicenter randomised controlled trial. The study sites were all participating emergency departments, medical wards of general hospitals and primary care centres in Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, and Quetta, Pakistan. Patients presenting after a self-harm episode (n = 901) to participating recruitment sites were assessed and randomised (1:1) to one of the two arms; CMAP with enhanced treatment as usual (E-TAU) or E-TAU. The intervention (CMAP) is a manual-assisted, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)-informed problem-focused therapy, comprising six one-to-one sessions delivered over three months. Repetition of self-harm at 12-month post-randomisation was the primary outcome and secondary outcomes included suicidal ideation, hopelessness, depression, health-related quality of life (QoL), coping resources, and level of satisfaction with service received, assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month post-randomisation. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT02742922 (April 2016).
RESULTS
We screened 3786 patients for eligibility and 901 eligible, consented patients were randomly assigned to the CMAP plus E-TAU arm (n = 440) and E-TAU arm (N = 461). The number of self-harm repetitions for CMAP plus E-TAU was lower (n = 17) compared to the E-TAU arm (n = 23) at 12-month post-randomisation, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.407). There was a statistically and clinically significant reduction in other outcomes including suicidal ideation (- 3.6 (- 4.9, - 2.4)), depression (- 7.1 (- 8.7, - 5.4)), hopelessness (- 2.6 (- 3.4, - 1.8), and improvement in health-related QoL and coping resources after completion of the intervention in the CMAP plus E-TAU arm compared to the E-TAU arm. The effect was sustained at 12-month follow-up for all the outcomes except for suicidal ideation and hopelessness. On suicidal ideation and hopelessness, participants in the intervention arm scored lower compared to the E-TAU arm but the difference was not statistically significant, though the participants in both arms were in low-risk category at 12-month follow-up. The improvement in both arms is explained by the established role of enhanced care in suicide prevention.
CONCLUSIONS
Suicidal ideation is considered an important target for the prevention of suicide, therefore, CMAP intervention should be considered for inclusion in the self-harm and suicide prevention guidelines. Given the improvement in the E-TAU arm, the potential use of brief interventions such as regular contact requires further exploration.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Quality of Life; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicide; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 37525207
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02983-8 -
PloS One 2023Homosexual individuals are at high risk of suicide, but there is a shortage of data from developing countries to confirm this. Estimates on mental health and suicide...
BACKGROUND
Homosexual individuals are at high risk of suicide, but there is a shortage of data from developing countries to confirm this. Estimates on mental health and suicide risk among male homosexuals in Bangladesh are needed to generate awareness and to plan services accordingly.
METHOD
We assessed mental health and suicidal behavior of 102 self-identified homosexual males from a community-based organization that works with the sexual minority population.
RESULTS
One-third of the participants (32.4%) had experienced attempted suicide, and almost half (47.1%) had a history of suicidal ideation and self-harm (40.2%). Compared to a heterosexual sample, homosexual males had poorer mental health as they scored higher on Beck Hopelessness Scale (Cohen's d = 0.29) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (Cohen's d = 0.57). The results revealed positive correlations between self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt scores. Participants with history of suicide attempt, suicide ideation and self-harm reported worse general health, more social dysfunction, and severe depression than those without such history.
CONCLUSION
Suicidality and mental health conditions among homosexual males in Bangladesh have appeared to be alarming. Given the concerns, we offer some recommendations for practitioners and social workers who are serving this population in Bangladesh.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mental Health; Bangladesh; Risk Factors; Homosexuality, Male; Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 37582101
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289597 -
The Australian and New Zealand Journal... Dec 2023We investigated patterns of service contact for self-harm and suicidal ideation recorded by a range of human service agencies - including health, police and child...
OBJECTIVE
We investigated patterns of service contact for self-harm and suicidal ideation recorded by a range of human service agencies - including health, police and child protection - with specific focus on overlap and sequences of contacts, age of first contact and demographic and intergenerational characteristics associated with different service responses to self-harm.
METHODS
Participants were 91,597 adolescents for whom multi-agency linked data were available in a longitudinal study of a population cohort in New South Wales, Australia. Self-harm and suicide-related incidents from birth to 18 years of age were derived from emergency department, inpatient hospital admission, mental health ambulatory, child protection and police administrative records. Descriptive statistics and binomial logistic regression were used to examine patterns of service contacts.
RESULTS
Child protection services recorded the largest proportion of youth with reported self-harm and suicidal ideation, in which the age of first contact for self-harm was younger relative to other incidents of self-harm recorded by other agencies. Nearly 40% of youth with a health service contact for self-harm also had contact with child protection and/or police services for self-harm. Girls were more likely to access health services for self-harm than boys, but not child protection or police services.
CONCLUSION
Suicide prevention is not solely the responsibility of health services; police and child protection services also respond to a significant proportion of self-harm and suicide-related incidents. High rates of overlap among different services responding to self-harm suggest the need for cross-agency strategies to prevent suicide in young people.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Australia; Longitudinal Studies; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide Prevention; Infant; Child, Preschool; Child Protective Services
PubMed: 37282347
DOI: 10.1177/00048674231179652 -
Translational Psychiatry Jan 2024High suicide risk represents a serious problem in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet treatment options that could safely and rapidly ameliorate suicidal...
High suicide risk represents a serious problem in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet treatment options that could safely and rapidly ameliorate suicidal ideation remain elusive. Here, we tested the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) in reducing suicidal ideation in patients with MDD. Thirty-two MDD patients with moderate to severe suicidal ideation participated in the current study. Suicidal ideation and depression symptoms were assessed before and after 5 days of open-label SAINT. The neural pathways supporting rapid-acting antidepressant and suicide prevention effects were identified with dynamic causal modelling based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that 5 days of SAINT effectively alleviated suicidal ideation in patients with MDD with a high response rate of 65.63%. Moreover, the response rates achieved 78.13% and 90.63% with 2 weeks and 4 weeks after SAINT, respectively. In addition, we found that the suicide prevention effects of SAINT were associated with the effective connectivity involving the insula and hippocampus, while the antidepressant effects were related to connections of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). These results show that SAINT is a rapid-acting and effective way to reduce suicidal ideation. Our findings further suggest that distinct neural mechanisms may contribute to the rapid-acting effects on the relief of suicidal ideation and depression, respectively.
Topics: Humans; Depressive Disorder, Major; Suicidal Ideation; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Antidepressive Agents
PubMed: 38199983
DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02707-9 -
Molecular Psychiatry Sep 2023Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular senescence/aging is associated with psychiatric illness, including depression, in adults. The present study examined if the relationships of telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), two critical indicators of cellular senescence/aging, are altered in depressed adolescents and whether these alterations are associated with suicidality, early-life adversities, and other co-occuring factors. In genomic DNA isolated from 53 adolescents (ages 16-19, 19 MDD with suicide attempt/suicidal ideation [MDD + SI/SA], 14 MDD without SA/SI [MDD-SI/SA], and 20 healthy controls [HC]), TL and mtDNAcn were measured as the ratio between the number of telomere repeats and that of a single-copy nuclear-hemoglobin [HBG] gene or the amount of mtDNA (NADH dehydrogenase, subunit 1) relative to HBG. Our data show that TL was significantly lower, and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the total MDD group than HC. TL was significantly lower and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the MDD + SA/SI group than in the HC, whereas there were no differences in the MDD-SI/SA group. TL was positively correlated with mtDNAcn in both HC and MDD-SA/SI groups; however, TL was negatively correlated with mtDNAcn in MDD + SA/SI. Furthermore, TL was negatively correlated with the severity of both depression and anxiety, while mtDNAcn was positively correlated with the severity of prior emotional abuse. Our study indicates that cellular senescence is more advanced in depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and that childhood emotional abuse may participate in such a process.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Adolescent; Child; Suicidal Ideation; Depressive Disorder, Major; DNA Copy Number Variations; Suicide; DNA, Mitochondrial; Telomere
PubMed: 37735501
DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02263-0 -
JAMA Dermatology Jan 2024Isotretinoin is hypothesized to contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders, but the epidemiological association and risk factors associated with psychiatric...
IMPORTANCE
Isotretinoin is hypothesized to contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders, but the epidemiological association and risk factors associated with psychiatric disorders among isotretinoin users remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To clarify the absolute and relative risk and risk factors associated with suicide and psychiatric disorders among isotretinoin users.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception until January 24, 2023.
STUDY SELECTION
Randomized trials and observational studies were selected if they reported the absolute risk, relative risk, and risk factors for suicide and psychiatric disorders among isotretinoin users.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Relevant data were extracted and risk of bias was evaluated at the study level using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were pooled using inverse variance-weighted meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistic, and meta-regression analyses were performed.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Absolute risk (percentage), relative risks (risk ratios [RR]), and risk factors (RR) of suicide and psychiatric disorders among isotretinoin users.
RESULTS
A total of 25 studies including 1 625 891 participants were included in the review and 24 in the meta-analysis. Among the included studies, participants' average age ranged from 16 to 38 years, and distribution by sex ranged from 0% to 100% male. The 1-year pooled absolute risk from between 2 and 8 studies of completed suicide, suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and self-harm were each less than 0.5%, while that of depression was 3.83% (95% CI, 2.45-5.93; I2 = 77%) in 11 studies. Isotretinoin users were less likely than nonusers to attempt suicide at 2 years (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.84-1.00; I2 = 0%), 3 years (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.95; I2 = 0%), and 4 years (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-1.00; I2 = 23%) following treatment. Isotretinoin was not associated with the risk of all psychiatric disorders (RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.99-1.19; I2 = 0%). Study-level meta-regression found that studies with participants of older age reported lower 1-year absolute risk of depression, while those with a higher percentage of male participants reported a higher 1-year absolute risk of completed suicide.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The findings suggest that at a population level, isotretinoin users do not have increased risk of suicide or psychiatric conditions but may instead have a lower risk of suicide attempts at 2 to 4 years following treatment. While these findings are reassuring, clinicians should continue to practice holistic psychodermatologic care and monitor patients for signs of mental distress during isotretinoin treatment.
Topics: Humans; Male; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Female; Isotretinoin; Mental Disorders; Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38019562
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4579 -
BMC Psychiatry Oct 2023Financial debt has been linked to poorer mental health. However, most research has been undertaken in western countries. This study examined the association between...
BACKGROUND
Financial debt has been linked to poorer mental health. However, most research has been undertaken in western countries. This study examined the association between financial debt, worry about debt, and mental health in Japan, where there has been little specific focus on debt and its effects on mental health.
METHODS
Data were analyzed from 3717 respondents collected in an online survey in 2023. Information on financial debt and worry about debt was collected with single-item questions. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale were used to respectively collect information on depression and anxiety symptoms, while a single-item measure was used to obtain information on a recent history of suicidal ideation. Logistic regression was used to assess associations.
RESULTS
Both financial debt (17.7%) and worry about debt (14.8%) were prevalent in the study sample. In fully adjusted analyses, compared to those with no debt and worry about debt, individuals who were worried about debt but had no debt, or who had debts and were worried about debt had significantly higher odds for suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. In contrast, having debt but not being worried about debt was not associated with any of the mental health outcomes.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that worrying about debt is strongly associated with poorer mental health among Japanese adults. Interventions to address debt and its associated worries may be important for improving public mental health in Japan.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Mental Health; Japan; Anxiety; Suicidal Ideation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Depression
PubMed: 37848860
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05235-4