-
Membranes Jul 2023Medical product contamination has become a threatening issue against human health, which is the main reason why protective nonwoven fabrics have gained considerable...
Medical product contamination has become a threatening issue against human health, which is the main reason why protective nonwoven fabrics have gained considerable attention. In the present, there is a soaring number of studies on establishing protection systems with nonwoven composites via needle punch. Meanwhile, the disadvantages of composites, such as poor mechanical performance and texture, impose restrictions. Hence, in this study, an eco-friendly method composed of needling, hot pressing, and lamination is applied to produce water-resistant, windproof, and antimicrobial Tencel/low-melting-point polyester-thermoplastic polyurethane/Triclosan (Tencel/LMPET-TPU/TCL) laminated membranes. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and FTIR show needle-punched Tencel/LMPET membranes successfully coated with TPU/TCL laminated membranes, thereby extensively improving nonwoven membranes in terms of water-resistant, windproof, and antimicrobial attributes. Parameters including needle punch depth, content of LMPET fibers, and concentration of TCL are changed during the production. Specifically, Tencel/LMPET-TPU/TCL-0.1 laminated nonwovens acquire good water resistance (100 kPa), outstanding windproof performance (<0.1 cm/cm/s), and good antimicrobial ability against and . Made with a green production process that is pollution-free, the proposed products are windproof, water resistant, and antimicrobial, which ensures promising uses in the medical and protective textile fields.
PubMed: 37623764
DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080703 -
Journal of the Endocrine Society Nov 2023Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death among women. MetS is a diagnosis of at least 3 of the...
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death among women. MetS is a diagnosis of at least 3 of the following: high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, high triglycerides, high waist circumference, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Epidemiological studies suggest that endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure is positively associated with individual components of MetS, but evidence of an association between EDCs and MetS remains inconsistent. In a cross-sectional analysis within the Multiethnic Cohort Study, we evaluated the association between 4 classes of urinary EDCs (bisphenol A [BPA], triclosan, parabens, and phthalates) and MetS among 1728 women. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CI for the association between tertiles of each EDC and MetS adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), racial and ethnic group, and breast cancer status. Stratified analyses by race and ethnicity and BMI were conducted. MetS was identified in 519 (30.0%) women. We did not detect statistically significant associations of MetS with BPA, triclosan, or phthalate metabolite excretion. MetS was inversely associated with total parabens ( = .002). Although there were suggestive inverse associations between EDCs and MetS among Latino and African American women, and women with BMI < 30 kg/m, there was no statistically significant heterogeneity in associations by race and ethnicity or BMI. These findings suggest an inverse association between parabens and MetS in larger multiethnic studies. Prospective analyses to investigate suggested differences in associations by race, ethnicity, and BMI are warranted.
PubMed: 38024651
DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad136 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Feb 2024Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum, lipophilic, and antibacterial agent, has been commonly used in cosmetics, medical devices, and household products. The toxicity of TCS...
Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum, lipophilic, and antibacterial agent, has been commonly used in cosmetics, medical devices, and household products. The toxicity of TCS has recently become a research hotspot. Emerging evidence has shown that TCS can easily migrate to humans and animals and cause adverse effects on various target organs. However, the effects of TCS exposure on nephrotoxicity and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore TCS-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, we establish a mouse model based on adult male mice to explore the effects of 10-week TCS exposure (50 mg/kg) on kidney. After mice were sacrificed, their blood, feces, and renal tissues were harvested for further analysis. We found that TCS treatment dramatically caused kidney structural damage, and increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) expression levels, which indicated renal dysfunction. In addition, TCS exposure increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total cholesterol (TCHO) expression levels, which indicated oxidative stress and lipid metabolism changes. The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of kidney tissue identified 221 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in 50 pathways, including drug metabolism-other enzymes, oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels signaling pathways. The full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that TCS exposure altered the community of gut microbiota, which was closely related to renal function damage. The above findings provide new insights into the mechanism of TCS-induced nephrotoxicity.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Male; Mice; Animals; Triclosan; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Dysbiosis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Kidney; Kidney Diseases
PubMed: 38199221
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115866 -
The British Journal of Surgery Nov 2023Hand trauma, comprising injuries to both the hand and wrist, affects over five million people per year in the NHS, resulting in 250 000 operations each year. Surgical... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Hand trauma, comprising injuries to both the hand and wrist, affects over five million people per year in the NHS, resulting in 250 000 operations each year. Surgical site infection (SSI) following hand trauma surgery leads to significant morbidity. Triclosan-coated sutures may reduce SSI in major abdominal surgery but have never been tested in hand trauma. Feasibility needs to be ascertained before a definitive trial can be delivered in hand trauma.
METHODS
A multicentre feasibility RCT of antimicrobial sutures versus standard sutures involving adults undergoing surgery for hand trauma to evaluate feasibility for a definitive trial. Secondary objectives were incidence of SSI in both groups, hand function measured with patient-reported outcome measures, health-related quality of life and change in employment. Randomization was performed on a 1:1 basis, stratified by age of the patient and whether the injury was open or closed, using a secure, centralized, online randomization service. Participants were blinded to allocation.
RESULTS
116 participants were recruited and randomized (60 intervention, 56 control). Of 227 screened, most were eligible (89.5 per cent), and most who were approached agreed to be included in the study (84.7 per cent). Retention was low: 57.5 per cent at 30 days, 52 per cent at 90 days and 45.1 per cent at 6 months. Incidence of SSI was >20 per cent in both groups. Hand function deteriorated after injury but recovered to near pre-injury levels during the study period.
CONCLUSIONS
Risk of SSI after hand trauma is high. A definitive RCT of antimicrobial sutures in hand trauma surgery is feasible, if retention is improved.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN10771059.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Wrist; Quality of Life; Hawaii; Anti-Infective Agents; Surgical Wound Infection; Hand Injuries
PubMed: 37758504
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad298 -
ACS Omega Sep 2023Laccases have been predominantly reported in fungi, and primarily, fungal laccases are currently exploited in industrial applications. However, extremophilic bacterial...
Laccases have been predominantly reported in fungi, and primarily, fungal laccases are currently exploited in industrial applications. However, extremophilic bacterial laccases possess immense potential, as they can withstand extreme temperatures, pH, and salt concentrations. In addition, unlike fungal laccases, the production of bacterial laccases is cost-effective. Therefore, bacterial laccases are gaining significant attention for their large-scale applications. Previously, we reported a novel thermostable laccase (LacT) from . Herein, we have confirmed that LacT shares a high sequence similarity with CotA laccase from . Peptide mass fingerprinting of LacT was conducted via matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS-MS). Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopic (ICP-OES) analysis revealed the presence of ∼3.95 copper ions per protein molecule. Moreover, the secondary and tertiary structure of LacT was studied using circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The absence of notable shifts in CD and fluorescence spectra with an increase in temperature established that LacT remains intact even at elevated temperatures. Analysis of the thermal denaturation profile of LacT by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also confirmed its temperature stability. Thereafter, we exploited LacT in its application for the bioremediation of phenolic endocrine disruptors, namely, triclosan, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, and dienestrol. LacT oxidizes 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and triclosan but no LacT activity was detected with dienestrol. The rate of biotransformation of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and triclosan increased in the presence of CuSO and a redox mediator, ABTS. Transformation of dienestrol was observed only with LacT in the presence of ABTS. This study establishes the application of LacT for the bioremediation of phenolic compounds.
PubMed: 37779991
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03627 -
Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Sep 2024Chlorinated organic pollutants constitute a significant category of persistent organic pollutants due to their widespread presence in the environment, which is primarily... (Review)
Review
Chlorinated organic pollutants constitute a significant category of persistent organic pollutants due to their widespread presence in the environment, which is primarily attributed to the expansion of agricultural and industrial activities. These pollutants are characterized by their persistence, potent toxicity, and capability for long-range dispersion, emphasizing the importance of their eradication to mitigate environmental pollution. While conventional methods for removing chlorinated organic pollutants encompass advanced oxidation, catalytic oxidation, and bioremediation, the utilization of biochar has emerged as a prominent green and efficacious method in recent years. Here we review biochar's role in remediating typical chlorinated organics, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), triclosan (TCS), trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and chlorobenzenes (CBs). We focus on the impact of biochar material properties on the adsorption mechanisms of chlorinated organics. This review highlights the use of biochar as a sustainable and eco-friendly method for removing chlorinated organic pollutants, especially when combined with biological or chemical strategies. Biochar facilitates electron transfer efficiency between microorganisms, promoting the growth of dechlorinating bacteria and mitigating the toxicity of chlorinated organics through adsorption. Furthermore, biochar can activate processes such as advanced oxidation or nano zero-valent iron, generating free radicals to decompose chlorinated organic compounds. We observe a broader application of biochar and bioprocesses for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in soil, reducing environmental impacts. Conversely, for water-based pollutants, integrating biochar with chemical methods proved more effective, leading to superior purification results. This review contributes to the theoretical and practical application of biochar for removing environmental chlorinated organic pollutants.
PubMed: 38765891
DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100420 -
BMC Surgery Oct 2023Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent ~ 20% of all hospital-acquired infections in surgical patients and are associated with prolonged hospital stay, admission... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent ~ 20% of all hospital-acquired infections in surgical patients and are associated with prolonged hospital stay, admission to intensive care, and mortality. We conducted a systematic review with economic and environmental models to assess whether triclosan-coated sutures (Plus Sutures) provide benefits over non-coated sutures in the reduction of SSI risk.
METHODS
Searches were conducted in fifteen databases. A total of 1,991 records were retrieved. Following deduplication and screening by two independent reviewers, 31 randomized controlled trials in adults and children were included in the review. Similarity of the studies was assessed by narrative review and confirmed by quantitative assessment. A fixed effects meta-analysis of SSI incidence model including all groups of patients estimated a risk ratio of 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.64 to 0.79) indicating those in the Plus Sutures group had a 29% reduction in the risk of developing an SSI compared with those in the control group (p < 0.001). Safety outcomes were analysed qualitatively.
RESULTS
The economic model estimated the use of Plus Sutures to result in average cost savings of £13.63 per patient. Plus Sutures remained cost-saving in all subgroup analyses with cost-savings ranging between £11 (clean wounds) and £140 (non-clean wounds). The environmental impact of SSI is substantial, and the model suggests that the introduction of Plus Sutures could result in potential environmental benefits.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence suggests that Plus Sutures are associated with a reduced incidence of SSI across all surgery types alongside cost savings when compared with standard sutures.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Surgical Wound Infection; Triclosan; Sutures; Length of Stay; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37789307
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02187-0 -
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental... 2024Recently, there has been a noticeable increase in disorders of the female reproductive system, accompanied by a rise in adverse pregnancy outcomes. This trend is... (Review)
Review
Recently, there has been a noticeable increase in disorders of the female reproductive system, accompanied by a rise in adverse pregnancy outcomes. This trend is increasingly being linked to environmental pollution, particularly through the lens of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). These external agents disrupt natural processes of hormones, including synthesis, metabolism, secretion, transport, binding, as well as elimination. These disruptions can significantly impair human reproductive functions. A wealth of animal studies and epidemiological research indicates that exposure to toxic environmental factors can interfere with the endocrine system's normal functioning, resulting in negative reproductive outcomes. However, the mechanisms of these adverse effects are largely unknown. This work reviews the reproductive toxicity of five major environmental EDCs-Bisphenol A (BPA), Phthalates (PAEs), Triclocarban Triclosan and Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs)-to lay a foundational theoretical basis for further toxicological study of EDCs. Additionally, it aims to spark advancements in the prevention and treatment of female reproductive toxicity caused by these chemicals.
PubMed: 38606320
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1390247 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Sep 2023Triclosan-coated sutures (antibacterial sutures) can reduce the risk of postoperative surgical site infection. This study aimed to investigate the effect of...
Triclosan-coated sutures (antibacterial sutures) can reduce the risk of postoperative surgical site infection. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intraoperative factors, including antibacterial sutures, on the risk of postpartum septic complications. The prospective study included patients who underwent caesarean section. The exclusion criterion was chorioamnionitis. The investigation group patient's ( = 67) uterus and fascial sheath of the abdominal wall were sutured with triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 sutures during surgery. The control group consisted of 98 patients using uncoated polyglactin 910 sutures only. The patients were contacted by phone after the 30th postoperative day. No significant difference was found between the investigation group and the control group in the development of postpartum endometritis (11.7% in the investigation group vs. 8.4% in the control group, = 0.401), wound infection (6.3% vs. 3.6%, = 0.444) or patients experienced any septic complication (15.9% vs. 12%, = 0.506). Postpartum endometritis was more common in patients who underwent instrumental uterine examination during the surgery (23.8% vs. 18%, = 0.043). A moderately strong correlation was found for haemoglobin level on the third-fourth postoperative day with the development of postpartum septic complications, < 0.001, Pearson coefficient -0.319. Post-caesarean delivery septic complications were not statistically more common in patients with blood loss greater than 1 L. The incidence of post-caesarean endometritis was 13.4%, and wound infection was 4.8% in this study's hospital, having five to six thousand deliveries per year. Using antibacterial sutures during caesarean section does not affect the incidence of postpartum septic complications. Instrumental uterine examination during caesarean section increases the risk of post-caesarean endometritis and is, therefore, not recommended. Haemoglobin level on the 3rd-4th postoperative day, rather than the estimated blood loss during surgery, affects the development of postpartum septic complications.
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Triclosan; Cesarean Section; Endometritis; Polyglactin 910; Prospective Studies; Surgical Wound Infection; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Postpartum Period; Hemoglobins
PubMed: 37763756
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091637 -
Dentistry Journal Mar 2024Modern toothpastes are complex formulations with various ingredients. The aim of this study was to analyze the improvement of toothpaste formulations from 1900 to 2023... (Review)
Review
Modern toothpastes are complex formulations with various ingredients. The aim of this study was to analyze the improvement of toothpaste formulations from 1900 to 2023 focusing on active ingredients with remineralizing, antibacterial, or plaque-removing effects, and to discuss their influence on caries prevention. For this, worldwide patent applications were searched using the international database Espacenet from the European Patent Office. Additionally, toothpaste products were searched using the Mintel product database from 1996 to 2023. The searched ingredients were (in alphabetical order): calcium carbonate, calcium phosphates, hydrated silica, sodium fluoride, sodium lauryl sulfate, triclosan, xylitol, and zinc salts as they are known from the scientific literature to be remineralizing or antibacterial/antiplaque agents. It was shown that the number of patent applications containing these ingredients significantly increased since the 1970s. As these ingredients have remineralizing, antibacterial, or plaque-removing effects, they all can contribute to caries prevention. In conclusion, and within the limitations of this approach, this study shows that toothpaste formulations have greatly improved over the past decades by using various active anticaries ingredients.
PubMed: 38534288
DOI: 10.3390/dj12030064