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BMC Infectious Diseases Feb 2024Vagococcus fluvialis infection is rare in humans, and there is limited research on the clinical manifestations and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Vagococcus...
Vagococcus fluvialis infection is rare in humans, and there is limited research on the clinical manifestations and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Vagococcus fluvialis infection. Here, We isolated Vagococcus fluvialis from the urine samples of bladder cancer patients at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, and it is the first reported case of Vagococcus fluvialis isolated from the urine. The fully automated microbial identification system and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identified the bacterium as Vagococcus fluvialis with a confidence level of 99.9%. The VITEK-2Compact fully automated microbial susceptibility analysis system indicated that it was most sensitive to tigecycline, vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, and showed moderate sensitivity to erythromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and tetracycline. Additionally, it exhibited synergy when combined with high-level gentamicin and vancomycin, showing sensitivity. However, it displayed poor activity against penicillin and furanth. According to our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate and identify Vagococcus fluvialis from the urine of bladder cancer patients and the systematically reviewed other reported Vagococcus infections on human, which provide an experimental basis for guiding the rational use of drugs in the clinical treatment and diagnose of Vagococcus fluvialis infection and related pathogenic mechanism research. Meanwhile, we have systematically reviewed other reported.
Topics: Humans; Vancomycin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Enterococcaceae; Gram-Positive Cocci; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 38409020
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09082-w -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Oct 2023Fermented fish and fermented fish-based products are part of the diet of many countries all over the world. Their popularity is not only due to the unique flavor, the... (Review)
Review
Fermented fish and fermented fish-based products are part of the diet of many countries all over the world. Their popularity is not only due to the unique flavor, the distinct texture, and the good nutritional quality, but also to the easiness of the production process, that is commonly based on empirical traditional methods. Fish fermentation techniques ususally rely on the combination of some key steps, including salting, addition of spices or additives, and maintenance of anaerobic conditions, thus selecting for the multiplication of some pro-technological microorganisms. The objective of the present review was to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the microbial communities occurring in fermented fish and fish-based products. Specific information was collected from scientific publications published from 2000 to 2022 with the aim of generating a comprehensive database. The production of fermented fish and fish-based foods was mostly localized in West African countries, Northern European countries, and Southeast Asian countries. Based on the available literature, the microbial composition of fermented fish and fish-based products was delineated by using viable counting combined with identification of isolates, and culture-independent techniques. The data obtained from viable counting highlighted the occurrence of microbial groups usually associated with food fermentation, namely lactic acid bacteria, staphylococci, Bacillus spp., and yeasts. The identification of isolates combined with culture-independent methods showed that the fermentative process of fish-based products was generally guided by lactobacilli (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Latilactobacillus sakei, and Latilactobacillus curvatus) or Tetragenococcus spp. depending on the salt concentration. Among lactic acid bacteria populations, Lactococcus spp., Pediococcus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Weissella spp., Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Vagococcus spp. were frequently identified. Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. confirmed a great adaptation to fermented fish-based products. Other noteworthy bacterial taxa included Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Psychrobacter spp., Halanaerobium spp., and Halomonas spp. Among human pathogenic bacteria, the occurrence of Clostridium spp. and Vibrio spp. was documented. As for yeast populations, the predominance of Candida spp., Debaryomyces spp., and Saccharomyces spp. was evidenced. The present literature review could serve as comprehensive database for the scientific community, and as a reference for the food industry in order to formulate tailored starter or adjunctive cultures for product improvement.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Acclimatization; Africa, Western; Bacillus; Candida; Databases, Factual; Enterococcaceae; Fishes
PubMed: 37689879
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113112 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Oct 2023Chronic cholecystitis, characterized by persistent inflammation of the gallbladder, predominantly stems from the prolonged presence of gallstones. Calculous...
BACKGROUND
Chronic cholecystitis, characterized by persistent inflammation of the gallbladder, predominantly stems from the prolonged presence of gallstones. Calculous cholecystitis has demonstrated a consistent escalation in its incidence over time.Gallbladder stones have been recognized as a predisposing factor for the development of biliary tract infections.Concomitantly, there have been substantial shifts in the distribution and resistance profiles of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for biliary tract infections. The timely acquisition of bile samples for pathogen analysis is of paramount importance, given its critical role in guiding judicious clinical pharmacotherapy and enhancing patient prognosis.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case involving a 66-year-old female patient who had previously undergone subtotal gastrectomy due to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was admitted to our institution with complaints of abdominal pain. Subsequent diagnostic evaluation revealed concurrent choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis. The patient underwent surgical cholecystectomy as the therapeutic approach. Histopathological examination of the excised gallbladder disclosed characteristic features indicative of chronic cholecystitis. Subsequent laboratory analysis of the patient's bile specimen yielded Gram-positive cocci, subsequently identified through biochemical assays, mass spectrometry, and 16 S rRNA analysis as Vagococcus fluvialis. Further in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing using disk diffusion and microfluidic dilution showed that this strain exhibited inhibition zone diameters ranging from 12.0 to 32.0 mm in response to 26 antibiotics, including ampicillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobarb, penicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, methotrexate/sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, minocycline and tobramycin. However, the inhibition zone diameters were 6.0 mm for amikacin, oxacillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. The patient received ceftazidime anti-infective therapy both preoperatively and within 24 h postoperatively and was discharged successfully one week after surgery.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we present the inaugural isolation and identification of Vagococcus fluvialis from bile specimens of patients afflicted with calculous cholecystitis. This novel finding lays a substantial experimental groundwork for guiding clinically rational antimicrobial therapy and advancing the exploration of relevant pathogenic mechanisms pertaining to Vagococcus fluvialis infections.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Ceftazidime; Sulbactam; Bile; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Gram-Positive Cocci; Ampicillin; Piperacillin; Cholecystitis
PubMed: 37845605
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08696-w -
Environmental Microbiome Nov 2023Beetles are ubiquitous cave invertebrates worldwide that adapted to scarce subterranean resources when they colonized caves. Here, we investigated the potential role of...
Beetles are ubiquitous cave invertebrates worldwide that adapted to scarce subterranean resources when they colonized caves. Here, we investigated the potential role of gut microbiota in the adaptation of beetles to caves from different climatic regions of the Carpathians. The beetles' microbiota was host-specific, reflecting phylogenetic and nutritional adaptation. The microbial community structure further resolved conspecific beetles by caves suggesting microbiota-host coevolution and influences by local environmental factors. The detritivore species hosted a variety of bacteria known to decompose and ferment organic matter, suggesting turnover and host cooperative digestion of the sedimentary microbiota and allochthonous-derived nutrients. The cave Carabidae, with strong mandibula, adapted to predation and scavenging of animal and plant remains, had distinct microbiota dominated by symbiotic lineages Spiroplasma or Wolbachia. All beetles had relatively high levels of fermentative Carnobacterium and Vagococcus involved in lipid accumulation and a reduction of metabolic activity, and both features characterize adaptation to caves.
PubMed: 37957741
DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00537-2 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Cold-smoked salmon are ready-to-eat products that may support the growth of pathogenic during their long shelf-life. Consumption of such contaminated products can cause...
Cold-smoked salmon are ready-to-eat products that may support the growth of pathogenic during their long shelf-life. Consumption of such contaminated products can cause fatal listeriosis infections. Another challenge and potential risk associated with CS salmon is their high levels of sodium salt. Excess dietary intake is associated with serious health complications. In the present study, anti-listerial bacteriocin (nisin), P100 bacteriophages (Phageguard L, PGL) and fermentates (Verdad N6, P-NDV) were evaluated as commercial bio-preservation strategies for increased control of in standard (with NaCl) and sodium-reduced (NaCl partially replaced with KCl) CS salmon. Treatments of CS salmon with nisin (1 ppm) and PGL (5 × 10 pfu/cm) separately yielded significant initial reductions in (up to 0.7 log) compared to untreated samples. Enhanced additive reductions were achieved through the combined treatments of nisin and PGL. Fermentates in the CS salmon inhibited the growth of Listeria but did not lead to its eradication. The lowest levels of during storage were observed in nisin- and PGL-treated CS salmon containing preservative fermentates and stored at 4 °C, while enhanced growth was observed during storage at an abusive temperature of 8 °C. Evaluation of industry-processed standard and sodium-replaced CS salmon confirmed significant effects with up to 1.7 log reductions in levels after 34 days of storage of PGL- and nisin-treated CS salmon-containing fermentates. No differences in total aerobic plate counts were observed between treated (PGL and nisin) or non-treated standard and sodium-reduced CS salmon at the end of storage. The microbiota was dominated by but with a shift showing dominance of spp. and spp. in fermentate-containing samples. Similar and robust reductions in can be achieved in both standard and sodium-replaced CS salmon using the bio-preservation strategies of nisin, PGL and fermentates under various and relevant processing and storage conditions.
PubMed: 38137194
DOI: 10.3390/foods12244391 -
PeerJ 2024Disease outbreaks negatively affect fish production. Antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of diseases become ineffective over time because of antibiotic resistance...
Disease outbreaks negatively affect fish production. Antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of diseases become ineffective over time because of antibiotic resistance developed by bacteria distributed in the aquaculture environment. This study was conducted for 4 months (cold period) in a fish farm to detect the fish disease, cold water streptococcosis. In the study, four brood stock showing disease signs were detected. Bacteria isolates were obtained and identified as . Antimicrobial susceptibility of was tested and antibiotic resistance gene profiles of isolates were screened. The phylogenetic relation of the isolates with the previously reported strains was evaluated. Antibiotic resistance developed by pathogenic bacteria is distributed in the aquaculture environment. The transfer of resistance genes from one bacterium to another is very common. This situation causes the antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of diseases to become ineffective over time. The disc diffusion test showed that all four isolates developed resistance to 13 (FFC30, AX25, C30, E15, CF30, L2, OX1, S10, T30, CRO30, CC2, PT15 and TY15) of the evaluated antibiotics and were about to develop resistance to six others (AM 10, FM 300, CFP75, SXT25, APR15 and TE30). Furthermore, antibiotic resistance genes , , , , , and were detected in the isolated strain. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis showed that isolated strain (ESN1) was closely related to the bacterial strains isolated from USA and Jura.
Topics: Animals; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Phylogeny; Enterococcaceae; Gram-Positive Cocci; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 38560471
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17194 -
Journal of Advanced Veterinary and... Dec 2023This research aims to investigate the microbial diversity of Budu prepared from fresh and frozen fish from the Pariaman and Pasaman districts in West Sumatra Province,...
OBJECTIVE
This research aims to investigate the microbial diversity of Budu prepared from fresh and frozen fish from the Pariaman and Pasaman districts in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, as well as provide basic information about Budu quality.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To obtain the bacterial microbial composition, deoxyribonucleic acid extraction was carried out using amplicon-sequencing of the gene in the V3-V4 region from two types of Budu and carried out in duplicate.
RESULTS
Budu prepared with fresh (Pariaman) or frozen (Pasaman) fish was dominated by Firmicutes (78.455%-92.37%) and Proteobacteria (6.477%-7.23%) phyla. The total microbial species in Budu from Pariaman were higher (227 species) than in Pasaman (153 species). The bacterial species found are (1.878%-2.21%), (0.597%-0.70%), (0.00%-0.002%), (0.073%-0.09%), (0.00%-0.01%), (0.00%-0.001%), and (0.00%-0.003%). and are found in both Budu. and are found in Budu Pariaman. and were found in Budu Pasaman.
CONCLUSION
Metagenomic analysis of Budu from different fish, Pariaman (fresh fish) and Pasaman (frozen fish) showed that the biodiversity of bacteria was barely different. Both Budu found lactic acid bacteria from the family, genus and pathogenic bacteria, such as and . The discovery of various species of pathogenic bacteria indicates that development is still needed in the Budu production process to improve Budu quality.
PubMed: 38370893
DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j736 -
International Journal of Food Science 2024Indonesia has abundant traditional fermented food with various lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which can be developed into probiotics for pharmaceutical and functional food...
Indonesia has abundant traditional fermented food with various lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which can be developed into probiotics for pharmaceutical and functional food and feed products. This research is aimed at (1) obtaining and identifying LAB isolates and (2) studying the microbiome (bacterial diversity and abundance) of spontaneously-fermented traditional foods of Kalimantan Island, Cincalok, Tempoyak, and Mandai. To obtain LAB isolates, food samples were serially diluted and inoculated on MRS agar that contained 1% CaCO (MRSA). Isolates forming clear zones were purified and identified by DNA barcoding. The microbiome was studied using genomic-sequencing techniques and analysed for taxonomic composition. Seven pure isolates were obtained from Cincalok, two Tempoyak, and one Mandai. DNA barcoding revealed that the Cincalok seven isolates were (strain HSP-S16), (FSB201), , (SS1995), (S11-6), (C01), and (P3.1); two from Tempoyak, (E1D3BL1) and (UMCC-2996); and one from Mandai, (XAAS.x13; non-LAB). The , , , , and belong to LAB. The from Cincalok and non-LAB in these three fermented foods were the first documented report. The microbiome revealed the dominance of phyla in the fermented foods, with 93% in Cincalok, 89.94% in Tempoyak, and 60.32% in Mandai. On the genus level, Cincalok was dominated by 40.33%, 23.29%, 9.27%, and 6.84%. Meanwhile, Tempoyak was dominated only by 89.94%. Mandai were dominated by 31.97%, 17.14%, 16.85%, 15.15%, and 6.2%. However, Mandai's microbiome LAB was not culturable/isolated on MRSA. The plausibility is that those unculturable LAB require coculturing with other bacteria and additional media components to grow on MRSA. This study is the first report regarding the microbiome of Cincalok, Tempoyak, and Mandai, along with their culturable LAB isolates.
PubMed: 38715571
DOI: 10.1155/2024/6589766 -
IDCases 2024, a bacterium generally isolated from fish and domestic animals, is a rarely reported human pathogen whose clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility...
, a bacterium generally isolated from fish and domestic animals, is a rarely reported human pathogen whose clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility remain uncertain. In this case report we describe a 19-year-old active-duty military sailor who suffered a blast injury to the left foot from a firework explosion. The injury was complicated by a polymicrobial wound infection that included . infections in humans are often associated with skin and soft tissue infection, including those resulting from trauma or blast injuries. This case serves to highlight this pathogen's role in causing invasive infections and as well as the importance of recognizing its clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles.
PubMed: 38883211
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01995 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024The study addressed a significant gap in the profiling and understanding of the gut microbiota's influence on Malaysian Malay women with gestational diabetes mellitus...
The study addressed a significant gap in the profiling and understanding of the gut microbiota's influence on Malaysian Malay women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This prospective cohort study aimed to explore the intricate relationship between gut microbiota, dietary choices, and lifestyle factors among Malay women, both with and without GDM. The research specifically focused on participants during the second (T0) and third (T1) trimesters of pregnancy in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. In Part 1 of the study, a diverse pool of pregnant women at T0 was categorized into two groups: those diagnosed with GDM and those without GDM, with a total sample size of 105 individuals. The assessments encompassed demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and dietary factors at the T0 and T1 trimesters. Part 2 of the study delved into microbiome analysis, targeting a better understanding of the gut microbiota among the participants. Stool samples were randomly collected from 50% of the individuals in each group (GDM and non-GDM) at T0 and T1. The collected samples underwent processing, and 16s rRNA metagenomic analysis was employed to study the microbial composition. The results suggested an association between elevated body weight and glucose levels, poor sleep quality, lack of physical activity, greater intake of iron and meat, and reduced fruit consumption among women with GDM compared to non-GDM groups. The microbiome analysis revealed changes in microbial composition over time, with reduced diversity observed in the GDM group during the third trimester. The genera Lactiplantibacillus, Parvibacter, Prevotellaceae UCG001, and Vagococcus positively correlated with physical activity levels in GDM women in the second trimester. Similarly, the genus Victivallis exhibited a strong positive correlation with gravida and parity. On the contrary, the genus Bacteroides and Roseburia showed a negative correlation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in women without GDM in the third trimester. The study highlighted the multifaceted nature of GDM, involving a combination of lifestyle factors, dietary choices, and changes in gut microbiota composition. The findings emphasized the importance of considering these interconnected elements in understanding and managing gestational diabetes among Malaysian Malay women. Further exploration is essential to comprehend the mechanisms underlying this relationship and develop targeted interventions for effective GDM management.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Diabetes, Gestational; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Prospective Studies; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Diet; Life Style
PubMed: 38519592
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57627-5