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BMJ Open Feb 2024To review patient-report/caregiver-report measures of rehabilitation service use following acquired brain injury (ABI).
OBJECTIVE
To review patient-report/caregiver-report measures of rehabilitation service use following acquired brain injury (ABI).
DATA SOURCES
Medline, APA PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL were searched on November 2021 and November 2022. Authors were contacted if measures were not included in manuscripts/appendices.
STUDY SELECTION
Included articles were empirical research or a research protocol, available in English and described measures of patient report/caregiver report of rehabilitation service use post-ABI via quantitative or qualitative methods. Two reviewers independently screened 5290 records using DistillerSR. Discrepancies were resolved by team adjudication.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data extraction was piloted with high levels of agreement (k=.94). Data were extracted by a single member with team meetings to seek guidance as needed. Data included administration characteristics (reporter, mode of administration, recall period), psychometric evidence and dimensions assessed (types of services, setting, frequency, duration, intensity, qualitative aspects).
DATA SYNTHESIS
One hundred and fifty-two measures were identified from 85 quantitative, 56 qualitative and 3 psychometric studies. Psychometric properties were reported for four measures, all of which focused on satisfaction. Most measures inquired about the type of rehabilitation services used, with more than half assessing functional (eg, physical therapy) and behavioural health rehabilitation services, but fewer than half assessing community and academic reintegration (eg, special education, vocational rehabilitation) or cognitive (eg, neuropsychology) services. Fewer than half assessed qualitative aspects (eg, satisfaction). Recall periods ranged from 1 month to 'since the ABI event' or focused on current use. Of measures that could be accessed (n=71), many included a limited checklist of types of services used. Very few measures assessed setting, frequency, intensity or duration.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite widespread interest, the vast majority of measures have not been validated and are limited in scope. Use of gold-standard psychometric methods to develop and validate a comprehensive patient-report/caregiver-report measure of rehabilitation service use would have wide-ranging implications for improving rehabilitation research in ABI.
Topics: Humans; Caregivers; Brain Injuries; Rehabilitation, Vocational; Psychiatry; Checklist
PubMed: 38382949
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076537 -
Heliyon May 2024Studies that were carried out previously on learning outcomes focused mainly on the student's cognitive domain while identifying factors that predicted it. More so, most...
Academic optimism, capital indicators as predictors of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcome among students in secondary school. Hierarchical regression approach (HRA).
BACKGROUND
Studies that were carried out previously on learning outcomes focused mainly on the student's cognitive domain while identifying factors that predicted it. More so, most of the learner's assessments in school are largely dependent on the score obtained from specific subjects by the learner, and efforts to address other domains of instruction such as affective and psychomotor domains have been minimal or absent in regard to the variables selected for the study. This study therefore sought to address that gap by finding out the relative and composite contribution of academic optimism and capital indicators to the learning outcomes (of students.
METHODS
The study adopted a correlational design with a multistage sampling technique to select a total of 534 senior secondary class II students. Two research instruments, the Academic Optimism and Capital Indicators Scale (AOCIS) and the Learning Outcomes Scale (LOS), were used for data collection. Exploratory and confirmatory factors analysis were used to assess the dimensionality of the items and factor structure of the scales. The psychometric properties obtained for scale were adequate for the instrument to be adjudged valid and reliable.The collected data were analysed using the hierarchical regression approach (HRA).
RESULTS
The findings of the study revealed that academic emphasis, collective efficacy, faculty trust, social capital, economic capital, and cultural capital, relatively and jointly, predict overall learning outcomes (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor construct). The result showed that there was an increased proportion of variance with each addition of a predictor to the model. Social capital reduced the percentage change at the initial time, but with the addition of economic capital, the proportion of change increased among others in the subsequent model examination.
CONCLUSION
/implication: The study provides knowledge and empirical evidence that academic optimism and capital indicators, with their dimensions, affect composite learning outcomes among students. This study will help school ministries, policymakers, and curriculum planners make sure that the educational objectives, philosophies, and programmes are planned to reflect the total learner in order to produce the total learner that will effect changes in the society. This study has provided evidence that academic inputs and capital indicators are crucial indices of their learning outcomes in the three area of learning. The ability of the school to emphasise academics, ensure that all school agents are committed to instructional delivery, and gain the trust of parents is crucial for adequate support to enhance students learning outcomes. The outcome has implication for policy development and providing a climate that can stimulate equity, trust and motivation.
PubMed: 38765071
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30773 -
Food Chemistry: X Mar 2024Tea varieties play a crucial role on the quality formation of matcha. This research aimed to examine the impact of four specific tea plant varieties (Okumidori, Longjing...
Tea varieties play a crucial role on the quality formation of matcha. This research aimed to examine the impact of four specific tea plant varieties (Okumidori, Longjing 43, Zhongcha108, and E'Cha 1) on various aspects of matcha, including sensory evaluation, major components, color quality, volatile and non-volatile metabolomic profiles. The findings revealed that the levels of tea polyphenols, ester catechins, nonester catechins, and amino acids varied among these four varieties. Notably, 177 significant different metabolites, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids were identified among 1383 non-volatile compounds. In addition, 97 key aroma-active compounds were identified based on their odor activity value exceeding 1. Aldehydes, heterocyclic compounds, and ketones were closely associated with the formation of volatile metabolites. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of how different tea plant varieties impact the quality of matcha, and can provide valuable guidance for improving matcha varieties in a favorable direction.
PubMed: 38420509
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101234 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024In order to cope with the volatile social environment and organisational change, more and more scholars call on leaders to stimulate subordinate effectiveness to a...
In order to cope with the volatile social environment and organisational change, more and more scholars call on leaders to stimulate subordinate effectiveness to a greater extent with inclusive behaviour. Existing studies focus on the positive impact of inclusive leadership, but ignore its potential negative impact. This study integrates Cognition-affection Personality System Theory to explore the double-edged sword mechanism of inclusive leadership on subordinates' work behaviour. Through the data analysis of 518 paired questionnaires collected in three stages, the results are as follows: Inclusive leadership has a positive impact on subordinates' psychological entitlement and state gratitude; Psychological entitlement and state gratitude play mediation roles not only between inclusive leadership and work withdrawal behaviour, but also between inclusive leadership and active behaviour; Subordinate narcissistic personality moderates the positive effect of inclusive leadership on psychological entitlement and state gratitude, and then moderates the indirect effect of inclusive leadership on subordinate work withdrawal behaviour and proactive behaviour through psychological entitlement and state gratitude. The above results expand the research on the action mechanism and boundary conditions of inclusive leadership in Chinese organisational context, and provide practical guidance for organisational managers to effectively conduct inclusive leadership.
PubMed: 38774720
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1310204 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... May 2024This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of life and sex roles of women diagnosed with cancer and undergoing brachytherapy.
PURPOSE
This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of life and sex roles of women diagnosed with cancer and undergoing brachytherapy.
METHODS
The research is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample of the study included 116 women over 35 years old who were diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer and underwent intracavitary brachytherapy at the Radiation Oncology Department of a university hospital. Personal information form, SF-36 the Quality of Life Scale, and BEM Sex Role Inventory were used in the study. The researcher collected the data through face-to-face interview. The data were collected in the nurses' room after 3 different brachytherapy treatments that patients received weekly.
RESULTS
It was found that the average score of the physical functioning subscale was 32.80 ± 24.33, the average score of role physical was 15.43 ± 28.78, the average score of role emotional was 17.81 ± 28.96, the average score of vitality was 39.13 ± 16.12, the average score of social functioning was 43.53 ± 20.55, the score average of pain was 50.0 ± 20.09, the average score of general health was 42.67 ± 14.61, and the general health of mental health was 55.86 ± 16.12. In the BEM sex roles scale, the average score of BEM femininity was 105.56 ± 13.95, and the average score of BEM masculinity was 80.61 ± 12.77. In our study, a very low, negative, and significant relationship was determined between the role of femininity and emotional role limitation, physical functionality, social functionality, and general health perception in the women undergoing brachytherapy (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings of the present study, we can state that an increase in the "role of femininity" in women undergoing brachytherapy was effective in the decrease in the quality of lives of women. It can be claimed that the results will be a guidance for the nurses who will play an important role in increasing the quality of lives of the women undergoing brachytherapy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Brachytherapy; Quality of Life; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Middle Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Aged
PubMed: 38763929
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08559-3 -
BMC Plant Biology Apr 2024Stephania kwangsiensis Lo (Menispermaceae) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and its bulbous stems are used medicinally. The storage stem of S. kwangsiensis...
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into regulation mechanisms during bulbous stem development in the Chinese medicinal herb plant, Stephania kwangsiensis.
BACKGROUND
Stephania kwangsiensis Lo (Menispermaceae) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and its bulbous stems are used medicinally. The storage stem of S. kwangsiensis originated from the hypocotyls. To date, there are no reports on the growth and development of S. kwangsiensis storage stems.
RESULTS
The bulbous stem of S. kwangsiensis, the starch diameter was larger at the stable expanding stage (S3T) than at the unexpanded stage (S1T) or the rapidly expanding stage (S2T) at the three different time points. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and Illumina sequencing to identify key genes involved in bulbous stem development. A large number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Based on the differential expression profiles of the metabolites, alkaloids, lipids, and phenolic acids were the top three differentially expressed classes. Compared with S2T, significant changes in plant signal transduction and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis pathways occurred at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels in S1T. In S2T compared with S3T, several metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism were decreased. Temporal analysis of S1T to S3T indicated the downregulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, including lignin biosynthesis. The annotation of key pathways showed an up-down trend for genes and metabolites involved in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, whereas phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was not completely consistent.
CONCLUSIONS
Downregulation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may be the result of carbon flow into alkaloid synthesis and storage of lipids and starch during the development of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. A decrease in the number of metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism may also lead to a decrease in the upstream substrates of phenylpropane biosynthesis. Downregulation of lignin synthesis during phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may loosen restrictions on bulbous stem expansion. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome profiles of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. These data provide guidance for the cultivation, breeding, and harvesting of S. kwangsiensis.
Topics: Stephania; Plants, Medicinal; Chromatography, Liquid; Lignin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Plant Breeding; Gene Expression Profiling; Transcriptome; Alkaloids; Starch; Isoquinolines; Tyrosine; Lipids; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
PubMed: 38605285
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04956-2 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024TetR-family transcriptional regulators are widely distributed among bacteria and involved in various cellular processes such as multidrug and inhibitor resistance. is a...
TetR-family transcriptional regulators are widely distributed among bacteria and involved in various cellular processes such as multidrug and inhibitor resistance. is a industrial bacterium for lignocellulosic ethanol production. Although TetR-family regulators and their associated RND-family efflux pumps in have been identified to be differentially expressed under various inhibitors and stressful conditions, there are no systematic investigation yet. In this study, bioinformatic analyses indicated that there are three TetR-family transcriptional regulators (, , ) and two RND-family efflux pumps (, ) adjacent to corresponding TetR-family regulators of ZMO0281 and ZMO0963 in . Genetics studies were then carried out with various mutants of TetR-family regulators constructed, and was characterized to be related to acetate tolerance. Combining transcriptomics and dual-reporter gene system, this study demonstrated that three TetR-family regulators repressed their adjacent genes specifically. Moreover, TetR-family regulator ZMO0281 might also be involved in other cellular processes in the presence of acetate. In addition, the upregulation of RND-family efflux pumps due to deletion might lead to an energy imbalance and decreased cell growth in under acetate stress. The systematic investigation of all three TetR-family regulators and their roles on a major lignocellulosic inhibitor acetate tolerance in thus not only unravels the molecular mechanisms of TetR-family regulators and their potential cross-talks on regulating RND-family efflux pumps and other genes in , but also provides guidance on understanding the roles of multiple regulators of same family in and other microorganisms for efficient lignocellulosic biochemical production.
PubMed: 38585710
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1385519 -
Heliyon Apr 2024Major groups matching industrial groups in higher vocational colleges is the requirement of integration of industry and education. It is a talent cultivation mode based...
Major groups matching industrial groups in higher vocational colleges is the requirement of integration of industry and education. It is a talent cultivation mode based on the demand of regional advantageous industrial groups for talent quality. It is significant to improve the rationality of professional settings in colleges and promote the development of the economy. This study takes the Yi-Jing-Jing Metropolitan area as a case and uses the coupling coordination model to measure the matching degree of the industrial groups and the major groups. The conclusion is as follows: major groups and industrial groups in this region do not match well, and pay insufficient attention to the development of emerging advantageous industries. Some majors have not adapted to the characteristics of the current era and cannot meet the future development of the industry. According to the research results, it is proposed to strengthen policy guidance, based on changes in demand, and adjust the course content and other aspects to promote the matching of major groups and regional advantageous industrial groups.
PubMed: 38699745
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29945 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024To address the measurement accuracy challenges posed by the internal flow complexity in atypical circular bend pipes with short turning sections and without extended...
To address the measurement accuracy challenges posed by the internal flow complexity in atypical circular bend pipes with short turning sections and without extended straight pipe segments, this study designed an experimental circular "S"-shaped bent pipe with a diameter of 0.4 m and a bending angle of 135°. Numerical analysis was used to determine the stable region for velocity distribution within the experimental segment. Furthermore, a novel evaluation method based on the coefficient of variation was proposed to accurately locate the optimal position for installing thermal mass flow meters on the test cross section. Additionally, a formula for calculating the pipeline flow rate based on velocity differences was derived. This formula considers pipeline flow as the dependent variable and uses the velocity at two points in the test cross section as the independent variable. Experimental validation on a primary standard test bench demonstrated that the flow rate calculated by this method had an error controlled within 0.625% compared to the standard flow rate, thus effectively verifying the method's high accuracy and engineering applicability. This research provides a new testing methodology and practical basis for flow measurement in complex pipeline systems, offering significant guidance for research and applications in related fields.
PubMed: 38886517
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64978-6 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024This study analyzes panel data of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2018 as a sample in the context of the dual circulation strategy in China to ascertain the impact of urban...
This study analyzes panel data of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2018 as a sample in the context of the dual circulation strategy in China to ascertain the impact of urban healthcare development on medical collaborative innovation efficiency by using the GS2SLS method. Furthermore, it empirically examines the influence mechanism of regional healthcare development on medical collaborative innovation efficiency by using a threshold regression model. Additionally, we identified the heterogeneity of this impact in different cities. The results show the following: (1) There is a significant positive spatial correlation between regional healthcare development and medical collaborative innovation efficiency; (2) Under the dual circulation strategy, the regional investment level in international circulation has the most significant role in the overall strategy, and domestic circulation has been significantly improved after the launch of the innovation-driven strategy; (3) The results of the threshold test show that while domestic and international circulation promote the efficiency of collaborative innovation by 0.83, the promotion effect is more obvious under a higher regional healthcare development level. The research in this paper can provide specific guidance for the development of China's healthcare industry under the background of dual-cycle strategy, and can also provide valuable reference for developing countries in the world.
Topics: China; Humans; Cities; Cooperative Behavior; Delivery of Health Care; Efficiency, Organizational
PubMed: 38737859
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371867