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American Journal of Otolaryngology 2022Vestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor in the schwannoma cells of the 8th cranial nerve. It causes symptoms like tinnitus, vertigo and end up with loss of hearing so... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Vestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor in the schwannoma cells of the 8th cranial nerve. It causes symptoms like tinnitus, vertigo and end up with loss of hearing so the appropriate treatment is very important. There are many treatment techniques including conservative, surgery and radiosurgery. We aimed to systematically review and single arm meta-analysis the different treatment techniques of vestibular schwannoma.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search using thirteen databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed. All clinical trials about treatment vestibular schwannoma were included and single arm meta-analyzed. We assessed the risk of bias using ROBIN-I's tool and scale of Council Australia's Cancer Guidelines Wiki. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018089784) and has been updated on 17 April 2019.
RESULTS
A total of 35 clinical trials studies were included in the final analysis. The pooled proportion of stable hearing capability in patients receiving gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) was 64% (95% CI: 52%-74%). GKRS favored increased hearing capability 10% (95% CI: 7%-16%). Regarding tumor size, GKRS is the most protective method 53% (95% CI: 37%-69%). Complications occurred most commonly in single fractional linac stereotactic radiosurgery (SFSRT) 37% (95% CI: 12%-72%).
CONCLUSION
Our analysis suggested gamma knife radiosurgery could be the most ideal treatment for vestibular schwannoma based on stabilizing hearing capability, increasing hearing capability, decreasing tumor size and complications.
Topics: Hearing; Hearing Tests; Humans; Neuroma, Acoustic; Radiosurgery; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34973662
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103337 -
Neurosurgery Jun 2023Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is one of the main treatment options in the management of small to medium size vestibular schwannomas (VSs), because of high tumor... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is one of the main treatment options in the management of small to medium size vestibular schwannomas (VSs), because of high tumor control rate and low cranial nerves morbidity. Series reporting long-term hearing outcome (>3 years) are scarce.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, with the aim of focusing on long-term hearing preservation after SRS.
METHODS
Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we reviewed articles published between January 1990 and October 2020 and referenced in PubMed or Embase. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed clinical study or case series of VSs treated with SRS (single dose), reporting hearing outcome after SRS with a median or mean audiometric follow-up of at least 5 years. Hearing preservation, cranial nerves outcomes, and tumor control were evaluated.
RESULTS
Twenty-three studies were included. Hearing preservation was found in 59.4% of cases (median follow-up 6.7 years, 1409 patients). Main favorable prognostic factors were young age, good hearing status, early treatment after diagnosis, small tumor volume, low marginal irradiation dose, and maximal dose to the cochlea. Tumor control was achieved in 96.1%. Facial nerve deficit and trigeminal neuropathy were found in 1.3% and 3.2% of patients, respectively, both significantly higher in Linear Accelerator series than Gamma Knife series ( P < .05).
CONCLUSION
Long-term hearing preservation remains one of the main issues after SRS, with a major impact on health-related quality of life. Our meta-analysis suggests that hearing preservation can be achieved in almost 60% of patients after a median follow-up of 6.7 years, irrespective of the technique.
Topics: Humans; Neuroma, Acoustic; Radiosurgery; Treatment Outcome; Quality of Life; Hearing; Follow-Up Studies; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36735500
DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002354 -
GeoHealth Jun 2023Noise is a common harmful factor in our work and the environment. Most studies have investigated the auditory effects of noise exposure; however, few studies have... (Review)
Review
Noise is a common harmful factor in our work and the environment. Most studies have investigated the auditory effects of noise exposure; however, few studies have focused on the extra-auditory effects of exposure to occupational or environmental noise. This study aimed to systematically review published studies on the extra-auditory effects of noise exposure. We reviewed literature from PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to July 2022, using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify studies that reported extra-auditory effects of occupational or environmental noise exposure. Studies were evaluated utilizing validated reporting tools (CONSORT, STROBE) appropriate to study design. A total of 263 articles were identified, of which 36 were finally selected and reviewed. Upon conducting a review of the articles, exposure to noise can elicit a variety of extra-auditory effects on humans. These effects include circulatory effects linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease and decreased endothelial function, nervous system effects correlated with sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, and mental health problems, immunological and endocrinal effects connected to increased physiological stress response and metabolic disorders, oncological and respiratory effects associated with an elevated risk of acoustic neuroma and respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal effects linked to an increased risk of gastric or duodenal ulcer, and obstetric effects connected to the risk of preterm birth. Our review suggests that there are numerous extra-auditory effects of noise exposure on human, and further investigations are needed to fully understand these effects.
PubMed: 37303697
DOI: 10.1029/2023GH000805 -
The Laryngoscope Sep 2021Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal (IAC) lipomas are rare, benign tumors comprising 0.08% of all intracranial tumors and can be mistaken for other,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS
Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal (IAC) lipomas are rare, benign tumors comprising 0.08% of all intracranial tumors and can be mistaken for other, more common lesions of the CPA/IAC such as vestibular schwannoma. The purpose of this study was to review the literature and assess the evolution of CPA/IAC lipoma diagnosis and management. In addition, we present 17 new lipomas, matching the largest known case series of this rare tumor.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective case series and systematic review.
METHODS
Systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. References from identified articles were also reviewed to identify potential additional manuscripts. Manuscripts and abstracts were reviewed to identify unique cases. For the case series, the charts of all CPA/IAC lipoma patients seen at a single institution from 2006-2019 were manually reviewed. Logistic regression and chi-squared analysis were performed where appropriate.
RESULTS
A total of 219 unique lipomas have been reported in the literature, including 17 presented in this study. Surgical management has been performed in 46% of cases and has been conducted less often in recent decades, likely due to improved radiographic diagnostic capabilities and understanding of surgical outcomes. Surgical management is associated with worse neurologic outcomes (P = .002) and has become less common in recent decades. Although growth is unlikely, it has been demonstrated in patients into their 30s.
CONCLUSIONS
Accurate radiographic diagnosis is imperative for appropriate patient management, as CPA/IAC lipomas should typically be managed through observation and serial imaging whereas vestibular schwannomas and other CPA/IAC lesions may require microsurgical or radiosurgical intervention depending on growth and symptomatology. Laryngoscope, 131:2081-2087, 2021.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellopontine Angle; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Management; Ear Canal; Female; Humans; Lipoma; Logistic Models; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meniere Disease; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Neuroma, Acoustic; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Radiography; Radiosurgery; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 33567134
DOI: 10.1002/lary.29434 -
Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics May 2020Sporadic unilateral vestibular schwannomas are rare in the pediatric population. Little has been reported in the literature on the presentation, tumor size, response to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Sporadic unilateral vestibular schwannomas are rare in the pediatric population. Little has been reported in the literature on the presentation, tumor size, response to surgical treatment, and recurrence rates in these younger patients. The authors' goal was to describe their institutional experience with pediatric sporadic vestibular schwannomas and to conduct a meta-analysis of the existing literature to provide further insight into the presentation, tumor characteristics, and surgical outcomes for these rare tumors to help direct future treatment strategies.
METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective review of all patients 21 years of age or younger with unilateral vestibular schwannomas and without neurofibromatosis type 2 who underwent resection by the senior authors between 1997 and 2019. A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis was also performed by entering the search terms "pediatric" and "vestibular schwannoma" or "acoustic neuroma," as well as "sporadic" into PubMed. Presentation, treatment, clinical outcomes, and follow-up were analyzed.
RESULTS
Fifteen patients were identified at the authors' institution, ranging in age from 12 to 21 years (mean 16.5 years). Common presenting symptoms included hearing loss (87%), headache (40%), vertigo (33%), ataxia (33%), and tinnitus (33%). At the time of surgery, the mean tumor size was 3.4 cm, with four 1-cm tumors. Four patients had residual tumor following their first surgery, 3 (75%) of whom had significant radiographic regrowth that required further treatment. The literature review identified an additional 81 patients from 26 studies with patient-specific clinical data available for analysis. This resulted in a total of 96 reported patients with an overall average age at diagnosis of 12.1 years (range 6-21 years) and an average tumor size of 4.1 cm.
CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric vestibular schwannomas present similarly to those in adults, although symptoms of mass effect are more common, as these tumors tend to be larger at diagnosis. Some children are found to have small tumors and can be successfully treated surgically. Residual tumors in pediatric patients were found to have a higher rate of regrowth than those in their adult counterparts.
PubMed: 32470932
DOI: 10.3171/2020.3.PEDS19514 -
Neurosurgical Review Jul 2023Proton beam therapy is considered, by some authors, as having the advantage of delivering dose distributions more conformal to target compared with stereotactic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Proton beam therapy is considered, by some authors, as having the advantage of delivering dose distributions more conformal to target compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of proton beam for VSs, evaluating tumor control and cranial nerve preservation rates, particularly with regard to facial and hearing preservation.
METHODS
We reviewed, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) articles published between 1968 and September 30, 2022. We retained 8 studies reporting 587 patients.
RESULTS
Overall rate of tumor control (both stability and decrease in volume) was 95.4% (range 93.5-97.2%, p heterogeneity= 0.77, p<0.001). Overall rate of tumor progression was 4.6% (range 2.8-6.5%, p heterogeneity < 0.77, p<0.001). Overall rate of trigeminal nerve preservation (absence of numbness) was 95.6% (range 93.5-97.7%, I = 11.44%, p heterogeneity= 0.34, p<0.001). Overall rate of facial nerve preservation was 93.7% (range 89.6-97.7%, I = 76.27%, p heterogeneity<0.001, p<0.001). Overall rate of hearing preservation was 40.6% (range 29.4-51.8%, I = 43.36%, p heterogeneity= 0.1, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Proton beam therapy for VSs achieves high tumor control rates, as high as 95.4%. Facial rate preservation overall rates are 93%, which is lower compared to the most SRS series. Compared with most currently reported SRS techniques, proton beam radiation therapy for VSs does not offer an advantage for facial and hearing preservation compared to most of the currently reported SRS series.
Topics: Humans; Neuroma, Acoustic; Proton Therapy; Hearing; Cranial Nerves; Facial Nerve; Radiosurgery; Treatment Outcome; Follow-Up Studies; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37402894
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02060-x -
Journal of Personalized Medicine Sep 2022Management of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a complex process aimed at identifying a clinical indication for fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (sRT) or... (Review)
Review
Management of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a complex process aimed at identifying a clinical indication for fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (sRT) or microsurgical resection or wait and scan (WS). The aim of the review was to clarify which patient and tumor parameters may lead to different therapeutic choices, with a view to a personalized VS approach. A systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria was conducted between February and March 2022. The authors defined six parameters that seemed to influence decision-making in VS management: 1-incidental VS; 2-tumor size; 3-tumor regrowth after sRT; 4-subtotal resection; 5-patients' age; 6-symptoms. The initial search yielded 3532 articles, and finally, 812 articles were included. Through a qualitative synthesis of the included studies, management strategies were evaluated and discussed. An individualized proposal of procedures is preferable as compared to a single gold-standard approach in VS decision-making. The most significant factors that need to be considered when dealing with a VS diagnosis are age, tumor size and hearing preservation issues.
PubMed: 36294756
DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101616 -
Reviews on Environmental Health Dec 2023The association between noise exposure and increased risk of cancer has received little attention in the field of research. Therefore, the goal of this study was to... (Review)
Review
The association between noise exposure and increased risk of cancer has received little attention in the field of research. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the relationship between noise exposure and the incidence of cancer in humans. In this study, four electronic bibliographic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to 21 April 2022. All types of noise exposure were considered, including environmental noise, occupational noise, and leisure or recreational noise. Furthermore, all types of cancers were studied, regardless of the organs involved. In total, 1836 articles were excluded on the basis of containing exclusion criteria or lacking inclusion criteria, leaving 19 articles retained for this study. Five of nine case-control studies showed a significant relationship between occupational or leisure noise exposure and acoustic neuroma. Moreover, four of five case-control and cohort studies indicated statistically significant relationships between environmental noise exposure and breast cancer. Of other cancer types, two case-control studies highlighted the risk of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and two cohort studies identified an increased risk of colon cancer associated with environmental noise exposure. No relationship between road traffic and railway noise and the risk of prostate cancer was observed. In total, results showed that noise exposure, particularly prolonged and continuous exposure to loud noise, can lead to the incidence of some cancers. However, confirmation of this requires further epidemiological studies and exploration of the exact biological mechanism and pathway for these effects.
Topics: Male; Humans; Risk Factors; Environmental Exposure; Noise; Neuroma, Acoustic; Leisure Activities
PubMed: 36064622
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0021 -
Neurosurgical Review Aug 2021Most studies reported that cystic vestibular schwannoma (CVS) surgery has a less favourable prognosis than solid vestibular schwannoma (SVS) surgery. However, some... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Most studies reported that cystic vestibular schwannoma (CVS) surgery has a less favourable prognosis than solid vestibular schwannoma (SVS) surgery. However, some studies report that it is unclear whether surgical outcomes for these conditions exhibit significant differences. The aim of this meta-analysis was to pool the current literature and describe and analyse any differences in the clinical symptoms and surgical outcomes among CVS and SVS. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines through April 22, 2020. Outcomes were analysed using a meta-analysis of the proportions. The results of the search yielded 17 studies that met the criteria for inclusion and analysis, involving 3074 participants (including 821 patients with CVSs and 2253 patients with SVSs). No significant differences in the extent of tumour resection (gross-total resection versus non-gross-total resection; RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-1.01; p = 0.096) and most other outcomes were noted between CVS and SVS cohorts. However, facial nerve function (House-Brackmann Grade I or II versus III or more) of CVS patients was worse (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78-0.93; p < 0.001) compared with SVS patients with more than 1 year of follow-up after surgery. The criteria of cystic acoustic neuroma needs to be further unified, and prospective cohort studies with larger sample sizes should be performed for further verification of these results in the future.
Topics: Facial Nerve; Humans; Neuroma, Acoustic; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33009643
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01400-5 -
British Journal of Neurosurgery Apr 2023Vestibular schwannoma is a common pathology encountered by neurosurgeons worldwide. Often vestibular schwannoma presents with obstructive hydrocephalus. Papilledema is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Vestibular schwannoma is a common pathology encountered by neurosurgeons worldwide. Often vestibular schwannoma presents with obstructive hydrocephalus. Papilledema is present in 8% of the patients with vestibular schwannoma, primarily due to obstructive hydrocephalus. Hyperproteinorrhachia is believed to be responsible for papilledema in the absence of hydrocephalus in vestibular schwannoma. However, there is a paucity of literature on the mechanism of papilledema in vestibular schwannoma patients with hydrocephalus.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of scientific literature on papilledema in vestibular schwannoma patients without hydrocephalus.
METHODS
Design: This was a systematic scoping review and critical appraisal. Literature Search from PubMed was done following PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) and Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for conducting and reporting scoping reviews.
RESULTS
A total of seven studies, including eight patients, were identified for inclusion in the review. The studies were heterogeneous in terms of reporting for various variables. All the included studies were case reports, with the earliest publication in 1954 and the latest publication in 2020. The mean age of the patients in the included studies was 35 years, with a minimum age of 20 years and maximum age of 64 years. Approximately 62.5% were females, and 37.5% were males in the included study. Only three studies have studied cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins levels in these patients.
CONCLUSIONS
There is paucity in literature and a lack of evidence to conclusively state hyperproteinorrhachia as an antecedent to the development of papilledema in vestibular schwannoma patients without hydrocephalus. Younger age and female gender are risk factors for developing papilledema in the absence of hydrocephalus in vestibular schwannoma patients. Brainstem compression due to the large size of vestibular schwannoma can still have a patent aqueduct of Sylvius and no obstruction to CSF flow. The development of papilledema in vestibular schwannoma is a complex interplay of multiple factors that must be studied comprehensively for complete understanding.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Neuroma, Acoustic; Papilledema; Hydrocephalus; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Cerebral Ventricles
PubMed: 35174747
DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2022.2039376