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Cells Apr 2021Skin, as the outermost organ of the body, is constantly exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic causative factors of aging. Intrinsic aging is related to compromised...
Skin, as the outermost organ of the body, is constantly exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic causative factors of aging. Intrinsic aging is related to compromised cellular proliferative capacity, and may be accelerated by harmful environmental influences with the greatest significance of ultraviolet radiation exposure, contributing not only to premature aging, but also to skin carcinogenesis. The overall skin cancer burden and steadily increasing global antiaging market provide an incentive for searching novel targets to improve skin resistance against external injury. Sirtuin 1, initially linked to extension of yeast and rodent lifespan, plays a key role in epigenetic modification of proteins, histones, and chromatin by which regulates the expression of genes implicated in the oxidative stress response and apoptosis. The spectrum of cellular pathways regulated by sirtuin 1 suggests its beneficial impact on skin aging. However, the data on its role in carcinogenesis remains controversial. The aim of this review was to discuss the relevance of sirtuin 1 in skin aging, in the context of intrinsic factors, related to genetic premature aging syndromes, as well as extrinsic modifiable ones, with the assessment of its future application. PubMed were searched from inception to 4 January 2021 for relevant papers with further search carried out on ClinicalTrials.gov. The systematic review included 46 eligible original articles. The evidence from numerous studies proves sirtuin 1 significance in both chronological and premature aging as well as its dual role in cancer development. Several botanical compounds hold the potential to improve skin aging symptoms.
Topics: Aging; Humans; Sirtuin 1; Skin; Skin Aging
PubMed: 33917352
DOI: 10.3390/cells10040813 -
The Ocular Surface Jul 2022Dry eye disease (DED) is a common age-related ocular surface disease. However, it is unknown how aging influences the ocular surface microenvironment. This systematic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common age-related ocular surface disease. However, it is unknown how aging influences the ocular surface microenvironment. This systematic review aims to investigate how the aging process changes the ocular surface microenvironment and impacts the development of DED.
METHODS
An article search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. 44 studies reporting on age-related ocular changes and 14 large epidemiological studies involving the prevalence of DED were identified. 8 out of 14 epidemiological studies were further analyzed with meta-analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were followed. Study-specific estimates (impact of aging on the prevalence of DED) were combined using one-group meta-analysis in a random-effects model.
RESULTS
Meta-analysis revealed the prevalence of DED in the elderly aged 60 years old or older was 5519 of 60107 (9.2%) and the odds ratio of aging compared to younger age was 1.313 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.107, 1.557). With increasing age, the integrity of the ocular surface and tear film stability decreased. Various inflammatory cells, including senescent-associated T-cells, infiltrated the ocular surface epithelium, lacrimal gland, and meibomian gland, accompanied by senescence-related changes, including accumulation of 8-OHdG and lipofuscin-like inclusions, increased expression of p53 and apoptosis-related genes, and decreased Ki67 positive cells.
CONCLUSIONS
The aging process greatly impacts the ocular surface microenvironment, consequently leading to DED.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Dry Eye Syndromes; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Meibomian Glands; Middle Aged; Tears
PubMed: 35753664
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.06.004 -
Current Aging Science 2021Since age is the major risk factor for chronic diseases and mortality, it seems mistaken that older adults have lower basal temperature than young individuals. Many... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Since age is the major risk factor for chronic diseases and mortality, it seems mistaken that older adults have lower basal temperature than young individuals. Many confounding factors could hinder the achievement of a consensus, such as the different sites of measurement, control of basal conditions, health conditions, age difference compared, sex, and others.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to meta-analyze previous studies in order to find a consensus regarding the effects of aging on body temperature in humans, considering different types of temperature assessments, age difference and sex.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed in PubMed and 16 studies comparing basal temperature between older and young adults were meta-analyzed.
RESULTS
Older adults have significantly lower body temperature than young adults (-0.17 °C (-0.30; -0.03), p=0.04). Considering the different sites of measure, while core temperature tended to be lower in older adults (-0.13 °C (-0.27; 0.01), p=0.07), and skin temperature was not different (-0.21 °C (-0.5; 0.08), p=0.15). The aging effects were more prominent in men when assessed by oral temperature and when compared between higher age difference.
CONCLUSION
Indeed, there is a small reduction in overall temperature with aging, drove by the reduction in core temperature rather than skin temperature. The confirmation of these findings by this meta-analysis, now provide the base for the development of strategies to face the impairment in thermoregulation and metabolic efficiency with aging.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Body Temperature; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male
PubMed: 34886774
DOI: 10.2174/1874609814666210624121603 -
The Journal of Evidence-based Dental... Sep 2022This review aimed to determine how successful aging is operationalized in the oral heath context, and to determine the use of Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) and Dental... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This review aimed to determine how successful aging is operationalized in the oral heath context, and to determine the use of Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) and Dental Patient Reported Outcomes (dPROs).
METHODS
A scoping review was conducted and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021232668). The reporting of the review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework.
RESULTS
Five databases were searched and 1288 potentially relevant publications were identified. A total of 263 'effective' studies informed this review. Most studies were observational in nature (94.3%, 250) and the majority were cross-sectional (52.5%, 139). Most studies (89.4%, 235) were unidimensional in their operationalization of successful aging. Successful aging was mainly operationalized in terms of the 'biomedical model' (81.4%, 214) with limited consideration of psychological and social dimensions/models. Regarding biological health, commonly considered components were 'nutrition' (33.6%, 72/214) and 'longevity' (28.9%, 62/214). PROs were most frequently employed in the assessment of nutrition (88.8%, 64/72), albeit in response to standardized assessments. Regarding the psychological dimension (28.9%, 76), 'cognition' was most frequently assessed (69.7%, 53/76) - typically by the use of PROs (83.0%, 44/53). Social dimensions were only rarely considered (1.5%, 4). In terms of oral health - a range of aspects were considered including: 'number of teeth' (58.2%, 153 - dPROs (31.6%, 49/155)); and prosthesis use (30.4%, 80 - dPROS (31.3%, 25/80)).
CONCLUSION
The operationalization of successful aging in oral health is typically unidimensional and focuses primarily on the 'biomedical model'. PROs and dPROS are both widely used in the assessment of successful aging in the oral health context.
Topics: Aging; Cognition; Humans; Oral Health; Patient Reported Outcome Measures
PubMed: 36162882
DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101714 -
American Journal of Physical Medicine &... Apr 2022Despite rotator cuff disease being one of the most common causes of shoulder pain, its pathogenesis and biology are poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Despite rotator cuff disease being one of the most common causes of shoulder pain, its pathogenesis and biology are poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized evidence from studies reporting associations for aging and smoking status in relation to rotator cuff disease.
DESIGN
A systematic review was performed using multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Science Direct). Articles that met our eligibility criteria and presented data on the association between aging and/or smoking status and rotator cuff disease were included. We performed meta-analyses and reported cumulative effects using odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Of the 212 articles eligible for full-text review, seven studies reported on the relationship between aging and rotator cuff disease, and 10 studies reported on the relationship between smoking and rotator cuff disease. Aging was consistently associated with increased odds of having rotator cuff disease when assessed continuously (per 10-yr increase: odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.18-1.21) or categorically (ages <40 yrs vs: [a] 40-44 yrs [odds ratio = 2.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.78-4.13], [b] 45-49 yrs [odds ratio = 4.33, 95% confidence interval = 2.88-6.55], and [c] ≥50 yrs [odds ratio = 6.97, 95% confidence interval = 4.85-10.01]). Assessing studies that reported smoking status as current smokers versus nonsmokers, current smokers were more likely to have rotator cuff disease (odds ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval = 1.52-2.48). However, a statistically significant association was not found when never smokers were compared with former smokers (odds ratio = 1.08, 95% confidence interval = 0.97-1.20) and to current smokers (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.87-1.07).
CONCLUSIONS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, increasing age was a strong risk factor for rotator cuff disease. The finding that current smokers are more likely to have rotator cuff disease as compared with nonsmokers implies that cessation of smoking can potentially lead to mitigation of this risk factor.
Topics: Adult; Aging; Humans; Rotator Cuff; Rotator Cuff Injuries; Shoulder Pain; Smoking
PubMed: 34121068
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001820 -
Schizophrenia Research Aug 2022Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with accelerated biological aging. DNA methylation can be used as an indicator of biological aging by means of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with accelerated biological aging. DNA methylation can be used as an indicator of biological aging by means of epigenetic clock estimates.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the association between SZ and different epigenetic clocks.
METHODS
Search terms were applied in different databases: Embase, MEDLINE (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science. To assess for risk of bias we utilized an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted using the random effects model and meta-regressions were used to assess factors associated with heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Eight studies were included (Controls, n = 3394; SZ subjects, n = 3096), which analyzed five different epigenetic clocks. Overall meta-analysis revealed no significant differences between SZ and controls on epigenetic aging (Standardized Mean Difference - SMD = -0.21; p = 0.13). However, epigenetic clock method was a significant moderator of heterogeneity (p = 0.004). Using Horvath's clock as reference, higher SMD's were found for PhenoAge and Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) clocks. In a stratified meta-analysis restricted to the two clocks mentioned above, a significant accelerating effect was found in patients with SZ when compared to controls (SMD = 0.29; p = 0.003).
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that the method of epigenetic clocks is a critical factor associated with estimates of aging acceleration in SZ. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings and in order to evaluate a possible minor effect in overall analysis.
Topics: Aging; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Epigenomics; Humans; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 35780750
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.029 -
Research in Gerontological Nursing 2023Loneliness is prevalent in adults aged ≥65 years in the United States and is associated with functional decline. The purpose of the current review was to synthesize...
Loneliness is prevalent in adults aged ≥65 years in the United States and is associated with functional decline. The purpose of the current review was to synthesize evidence on the relationship between loneliness and functional decline using Roy's Adaptation Model as a theoretical framework. A comprehensive review of PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases was performed. Inclusion criteria were samples including adults primarily aged >60 years, peer-reviewed, published in the English language, and included a measure for loneliness and function. A total of 47 studies were analyzed. Most studies examined correlates, risk factors, and predictors of loneliness, rather than the relationship between loneliness and function. Evidence suggests there is bidirectionality in the relationship between loneliness and functional decline. Loneliness is associated with functional decline in aging via multiple possible pathways. Further studies are needed to determine causality and biological mechanisms underlying the relationship. [(4), 202-212.].
Topics: Humans; Loneliness; Aging; Risk Factors; Language
PubMed: 37159388
DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20230503-02 -
Sleep Medicine Sep 2021Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) is the electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern described as a marker of sleep instability and assessed by NREM transient episodes in sleep... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) is the electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern described as a marker of sleep instability and assessed by NREM transient episodes in sleep EEG. It has been associated with brain maturation. The aim of this review was to evaluate the normative data of CAP parameters according to the aging process in healthy subjects through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Two authors independently searched databases using PRISMA guidelines. Discrepancies were reconciled by a third reviewer. Subgroup analysis and tests for heterogeneity were conducted.
RESULTS
Of 286 studies, 10 submitted a total of 168 healthy individuals to CAP analysis. Scoring of CAP can begin at 3 months of life, when K-complexes, delta bursts, or spindles can be recognized. Rate of CAP increased with age, mainly during the first 2 years of life, then decreased in adolescence, and increased in the elderly. The A1 CAP subtype and CAP rate were high in school-aged children during slow-wave sleep (SWS). A1 CAP subtypes were significantly more numerous in adolescents compared with other groups, while the elderly showed the highest amounts of A2 and A3 CAP subtypes. Our meta-analysis registered the lowest CAP rate in infants younger than 2 years old and the highest in the elderly.
CONCLUSIONS
This review summarized the normative data of CAP in NREM sleep during the aging process. The CAP rate increased with age and sleep depth, especially during SWS. Parameters of CAP may reflect gender hormonal effects and neuroplasticity. More reports on CAP subtypes are needed for their reference values establishment.
Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Humans; Infant; Longevity; Polysomnography; Sleep; Sleep Stages
PubMed: 34271180
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.026 -
Free Radical Biology & Medicine Mar 2020Oxidative stress (OS) has been previously linked to the aging process, as have some diseases and geriatric syndromes as frailty and sarcopenia. The aim of the present... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Oxidative stress (OS) has been previously linked to the aging process, as have some diseases and geriatric syndromes as frailty and sarcopenia. The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review on oxidative stress activity and extreme longevity in humans.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies assessing OS-biomarkers and/or antioxidants in long-lived individuals (97 years old or over) comparing them to those of one or more age groups, (at least one of which from comprising elderly subjects) were considered for inclusion. A narrative synthesis was planned. Quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS).
RESULTS
After screening and eligibility phases, 12 articles were finally selected, with 646 long-lived participants and 1052 controls, 447 adults (20-60 years old) and 605 elderly individuals (over 60 years old). The average score on NOS scale of studies was 4,8 out of 9. Centenarians showed significantly less (p<0,05) oxidative damage to lipids in different samples, lower levels of oxidized proteins in plasma and lower superoxide anion levels in neutrophils than elderly groups. Centenarian presented significantly lower superoxide dismutase and higher glutathione reductase activities, higher levels of vitamins A and E, lower of coenzyme Q10, and lower susceptibility to lipid peroxidation than elderly controls.
CONCLUSION
Based on studies of medium-low quality, available evidence suggests that long-lived individuals display less oxidative damage, particularly lower plasma lipid peroxidation biomarkers, than controls. More studies with better experimental designs are needed.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Antioxidants; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Longevity; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase; Young Adult
PubMed: 31550529
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.019 -
Journal of Applied Gerontology : the... Oct 2021With growing numbers of aging Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPIs), the availability of culturally and linguistically appropriate screening... (Review)
Review
With growing numbers of aging Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPIs), the availability of culturally and linguistically appropriate screening tools for Alzheimer's disease and its related dementias (ADRD) is needed. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize the tools that have been adapted for and validated among the AANHPI population. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for systematic reviews, six databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles describing ADRD among AANHPIs. Among 1,477 articles screened for inclusion, 15 articles were included in the final analysis. Results showed a paucity of studies that psychometrically validate tools among this population. Furthermore, studies that culturally adapted and/or translated existing tools mostly targeted East Asian American populations. Our review provides a first step in mapping the extant literature on ADRD screening tools for this underresearched population and will serve as a guide for future research, policy, and intervention.
Topics: Humans; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander
PubMed: 33100109
DOI: 10.1177/0733464820967594