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The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Mar 2021A consensus on which dental implant alloy and surface treatment provide the best cell viability is unclear. (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
A consensus on which dental implant alloy and surface treatment provide the best cell viability is unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to provide information on the influence of surface and intrinsic titanium alloy chemical components on cell viability.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PubMed, LILACS, COCHRANE library, and Science Direct databases were electronically searched for the terms dental implants AND titanium AND cytotoxicity. Inclusion criteria were research articles that studied titanium or its alloys for chemical composition and cell viability and were published in English between 1999 and 2019. Articles that did not study titanium and its alloys, articles with nondental or biomedical implants, and articles that were not found in their entirety were excluded.
RESULTS
A total of 1226 articles selected by title or abstract according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 51 articles that were reduced to 27 after reading in full. The treatments analyzed were arc fusion, electron beam physical deposition, plasma electrolytic oxidation, coating addition, micro arc oxidation, anodization, thermochemical process, BMP-2 immobilization, pressure-assisted sintering, and alkali heat treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
The evaluated literature did not allow a determination of the best surface treatment for cell viability because of the heterogeneity of the studies regarding the type of alloy, cell used in the MTT assay, study, and implant purpose (biomedical or dental). The cytotoxic effect of chemical components was dependent on dose, time, size, temperature, and cell type. The niobium, tantalum, zirconium, and molybdenum elements have been most often added in the development of less toxic Ti alloys with lower modulus of elasticity and increased strength.
Topics: Alloys; Cell Survival; Dental Implants; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Titanium; Zirconium
PubMed: 32178882
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.02.001 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Oct 2022Biofilms pose a serious public health hazard with a significant economic impact on the food industry. The present scoping review is designed to analyse the literature... (Review)
Review
Biofilms pose a serious public health hazard with a significant economic impact on the food industry. The present scoping review is designed to analyse the literature published during 2001-2020 on biofilm formation of microbes, their detection methods, and association with antimicrobial resistance (if any). The peer-reviewed articles retrieved from 04 electronic databases were assessed using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. From the 978 preliminary search results, a total of 88 publications were included in the study. On analysis, the commonly isolated pathogens were Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Vibrio spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium perfringens. The biofilm-forming ability of microbes was found to be influenced by various factors such as attachment surfaces, temperature, presence of other species, nutrient availability etc. A total of 18 studies characterized the biofilm-forming genes, particularly for S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and E. coli. In most studies, polystyrene plate and/or stainless-steel coupons were used for biofilm formation, and the detection was carried out by crystal violet assays and/or by plate counting method. The strain-specific significant differences in biofilm formation were observed in many studies, and few studies carried out analysis of multi-species biofilms. The association between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance was not clearly defined. Further, viable but non-culturable form of the foodborne pathogens is posing an unseen (by conventional cultivation techniques) but potent threat to the food safety. The present review recommends the need for carrying out systematic surveys and risk analysis of biofilms in food chain to highlight the evidence-based public health concerns, especially in regions where microbiological food hazards are quite prevalent.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Colony Count, Microbial; Escherichia coli; Food Industry; Food Microbiology; Gentian Violet; Listeria monocytogenes; Polystyrenes; Salmonella; Stainless Steel; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 35945912
DOI: 10.1111/jam.15766 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry May 2022The marginal and internal adaptation of a fixed dental prosthesis depends on a variety of factors, finish line designs being one of them. A clear consensus as to which... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effect of different finish line preparations on the marginal and internal adaptation of cobalt-chromium metal alloy copings fabricated by using CAD-CAM technology: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The marginal and internal adaptation of a fixed dental prosthesis depends on a variety of factors, finish line designs being one of them. A clear consensus as to which finish line design can provide a better marginal and internal adaptation with respect to cobalt-chromium metal alloy copings fabricated by using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology is lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of different finish line preparations on the marginal and internal adaptation of cobalt-chromium metal alloy copings fabricated by using CAD-CAM technology.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Electronic (PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar) and manual searches were conducted for articles published from January 2010 to December 2020 to identify relevant studies evaluating the effect of different finish line preparations (chamfer, deep chamfer, shoulder, rounded shoulder) on the marginal and internal adaptation of cobalt-chromium metal alloy copings fabricated by using CAD-CAM technology.
RESULTS
A total of 573 articles were obtained via electronic search, and 10 articles were obtained through manual search, of which 24 in vitro studies were selected after title, abstract, and full-text screening and were included for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The marginal adaptation was evaluated under the parameters of marginal gap, absolute marginal discrepancy, and vertical marginal discrepancy, whereas internal adaptation was evaluated under the parameters of internal gap, cervical discrepancy, axial discrepancy, and occlusal discrepancy. The methods of CAD-CAM fabrication (direct metal laser sintering, hard milling, and soft milling) were considered under the subgroup analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
An overall better marginal and internal adaptation was observed with shoulder and rounded shoulder finish line designs when CAD-CAM methods were used for coping fabrication. Marginal and internal adaptation in chamfer and deep chamfer finish line designs showed better results with soft milling and direct metal laser sintering methods, whereas shoulder finish line showed better results with hard milling.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Chromium; Chromium Alloys; Cobalt; Computer-Aided Design; Crowns; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 34716012
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.030 -
EFORT Open Reviews Apr 2023The biomechanical characteristics of different techniques to perform the modified Lapidus procedure are controversial, discussing the issue of stability, rigidity, and... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The biomechanical characteristics of different techniques to perform the modified Lapidus procedure are controversial, discussing the issue of stability, rigidity, and compression forces from a biomechanical point of view. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the available options to identify whether there is a procedure providing superior biomechanical results.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was performed by screening PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases until September 2021. There was a wide heterogeneity of the available data in the different studies. Load to failure, stiffness, and compression forces were summarized and evaluated.
RESULTS
Seventeen biomechanical studies were retrieved - ten cadaveric and seven polyurethane foam (artificial bone) studies. Fixation methods ranged from the classic crossed screw approach (n = 5) to plates (dorsomedial and plantar) with or without compression screws (n = 11). Newer implants such as intramedullary stabilization screws (n = 1) and memory alloy staples (n = 2) were investigated.
CONCLUSION
The two crossed screws construct is still a biomechanical option; however, according to this systematic review, there is strong evidence that a plate-screw construct provides superior stability especially in combination with a compression screw. There is also evidence about plate position and low evidence about compression screw position. Plantar plates seem to be advantageous from a biomechanical point of view, whereas compression screws could be better when positioned outside the plate. Overall, this review suggests the biomechanical advantages of using a combination of locking plates with a compression screw.
PubMed: 37097047
DOI: 10.1530/EOR-22-0069 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Jul 2023Evidence is limited on whether titanium-zirconium alloy, narrow-diameter implants (Ti-Zr NDIs) have promising clinical outcomes when used to support single crowns. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Evidence is limited on whether titanium-zirconium alloy, narrow-diameter implants (Ti-Zr NDIs) have promising clinical outcomes when used to support single crowns. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate clinical evidence, including survival rates, success rates, and marginal bone loss (MBL) on Ti-Zr NDIs that support single crowns. An extensive search was performed in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies published in English up to April 2022. Only peer-reviewed clinical studies with at least 10 patients and a follow-up time of at least 12 months were included. Risk of bias in each study was assessed and data extraction was carried out independently by two reviewers. The outcome variables were survival rates, success rates, and MBL. The search returned 779 results. Eight studies were identified for qualitative analysis and seven for quantitative synthesis. Overall, a total of 256 Ti-Zr NDIs were included. Cumulative implant survival rates and success rates were 97.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 94.5% to 98.9%) and 97.2% (95% CI: 94.2% to 98.7%), respectively, over a maximum follow-up period of 36 months, with no difference between Ti-Zr NDIs and commercial pure titanium (cpTi) implants. Cumulative mean (SD) MBL was 0.44 (0.04) mm (95% CI: 0.36 to 0.52) after one year. Meta-analysis of MBL indicated a mean difference of 0.02 mm (95% CI: -0.23 to 0.10), with no differences between Ti-Zr NDIs and cpTi implants. Short-term results of Ti-Zr NDIs for single-crown restorations are quite promising, although the number of published studies and follow-up periods are insufficient to determine the real benefit for single crowns. Long-term, follow-up clinical studies are needed to verify the excellent clinical performance of Ti-Zr NDIs.
Topics: Humans; Titanium; Zirconium; Dental Prosthesis Design; Alloys; Crowns; Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure
PubMed: 37331853
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.05.005 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Mar 2021Infection of a dental implant is undesirable and decreases the success rate of the dental prosthesis; however, systematic reviews on the issue are lacking. (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Infection of a dental implant is undesirable and decreases the success rate of the dental prosthesis; however, systematic reviews on the issue are lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate studies that dealt with inherent factors or those applied to the titanium surface or alloys to provide an antimicrobial action.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
SCOPUS, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Science Direct databases were searched and manual searches made between June and July 2019 using the keywords "titanium," "surface," "implants," "photoelectron spectroscopy," and "fourier transform infrared spectroscopy." The criteria included in vitro studies evaluating the titanium surface and describing hydrophobicity, surface crystalline phase, nanotopography, surface charges, and their relationship with bacteria and/or osseointegration.
RESULTS
A comprehensive search identified 767 articles that were selected by the title and/or abstract as per the inclusion criteria. Of the 58 studies selected for full reading, 7 were used for this systematic review. Another 6 studies were added by further research, resulting in 13 articles, all in vitro studies. As the selected studies had a high heterogeneity that precluded any statistical analysis of the data, a descriptive analysis of these topics was performed: hydrophilicity, surface crystalline phase, nanotopography, and surface charges.
CONCLUSIONS
The articles analyzed in this systematic review suggest that hydrophilicity, crystalline phase, surface topography, and surface titanium charge, when altered, may provide an antimicrobial surface. However, the strategy used resulted in heterogeneous articles, making it impossible to demonstrate the unique effect of the electrostatic surface of titanium or titanium alloy used for implants and its effect on bacterial control.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Dental Implants; Osseointegration; Static Electricity; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 32247513
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.02.003 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2021The actual efficacy of magnesium and its alloy in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) was systematically evaluated to reduce the risk of translation from... (Review)
Review
The actual efficacy of magnesium and its alloy in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) was systematically evaluated to reduce the risk of translation from animal experiments to the clinic. Databases of PubMed, Ovid-Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM were searched for literature in July 2021. Screening of search results, data extraction, and literature quality evaluation were undertaken independently by two reviewers. Seven articles were selected for the meta-analysis. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the femoral-tendon graft-tibia complex fixed with magnesium and its alloys were comparable to those fixed with titanium and its alloys, and magnesium and its alloys were superior to titanium and its alloys in promoting new bone formation. In addition, the unique biodegradability made magnesium and its alloys an orthopedic implant with significant therapeutic potential. However, whether the degradation rate of magnesium and its alloy can match the rate of bone-tendon integration, and whether the bioconjugation of bone-tendon after degradation can meet the exercise load still needs to be explored in further detail. Simultaneously, it is necessary for future research to improve and standardize experimental design, result measurement, etc., so as to minimize the risk of transforming animal experimental results into clinical practice.
PubMed: 34869297
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.789498 -
Australian Endodontic Journal : the... Aug 2021This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017075917) and aimed to investigate whether the available clinical evidence supports the hypothesis that... (Review)
Review
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017075917) and aimed to investigate whether the available clinical evidence supports the hypothesis that reciprocating motion results in a lower incidence of nickel-titanium files fracture compared to continuous rotation. Clinical studies that reported the incidence of fracture of engine-driven nickel-titanium files were included. The main exposure was the kinematics, and the primary outcome was the incidence of files fracture. The overall incidence of files fracture was 2.27%, with a trend for higher incidence with rotary motion (2.43%) than with reciprocating (1.0%), though without significant differences. Multiple meta-regression models revealed that the use of nickel-titanium files in more than four teeth and less proficient operators were associated with a higher incidence of file fracture. There was no difference in the clinical incidence of fracture of nickel-titanium instruments between reciprocating and rotary motions; however, other factors were identified.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Equipment Design; Incidence; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Titanium
PubMed: 33410578
DOI: 10.1111/aej.12484 -
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2022High-entropy/multicomponent alloy (HEA/MCA) has received significant research attention in the last decade. There is a dearth of data-driven works dedicated to assessing... (Review)
Review
High-entropy/multicomponent alloy (HEA/MCA) has received significant research attention in the last decade. There is a dearth of data-driven works dedicated to assessing and visualizing the HEA/MCA literature from a global perspective. To this end, we present the first bibliometric literature analysis of more than 3500 HEA/MCA articles, published between 2004 and 2021, in the Scopus database. We identify the most prolific authors, their collaborators, institutions, and most prominent research outlet. Co-occurrence networks of keywords are mapped and analyzed. A steep rise in research outputs is observed from 2013, when the number of annual publications doubled the previous years. The top five preferred research outlets include , , , and . Most of these publications emanate from researchers and institutions within China, USA, and Germany, although international scientific collaboration among them is lacking. Research gaps and future research directions are proposed, based on co-occurrence frequencies of author keywords. Finally, a brief systematic review of emerging applications, covering hydrogen storage, additive manufacturing, catalysis, and superconductivity, is undertaken. This work provides an important comprehensive reference guide for researchers to deepen their knowledge of the field and pursue new research directions.
PubMed: 35327840
DOI: 10.3390/e24030329 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Oct 2022Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) technologies provide an alternative to conventional casting and milling procedures in fabricating metal-ceramic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Adhesion of veneering porcelain to cobalt-chromium dental alloys processed with casting, milling, and additive manufacturing methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) technologies provide an alternative to conventional casting and milling procedures in fabricating metal-ceramic dental prostheses. However, the quality of porcelain bond strength to the SLM AM cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) metal framework of a dental restoration is unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify in vitro studies that reported the porcelain bond strength to SLM AM Co-Cr dental metal alloys and compare the porcelain bond strength values to cast, milled, and additively manufactured Co-Cr dental alloys.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An electronic systematic review was performed in different databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, World of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus. A manual search was also conducted. Studies that reported the porcelain bond strength to SLM Co-Cr metal alloys and in the English language were included. Two investigators evaluated the quality assessment of the studies by applying the JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies (nonrandomized experimental studies). A third investigator was consulted to resolve lack of consensus. Two subgroups were created based on the test used, 3-point bend and shear bond strength tests. The porcelain bond strength of cast, milled, and AM Co-Cr dental alloys were compared. The I2 statistic and its associated P value were used to assess the heterogeneity between studies. The Eger test was used for determining significance of the funnel pots.
RESULTS
A total of 216 studies were collected from the electronic and manual searches. After independently evaluating the titles and abstracts by the reviewers, 26 articles were identified. Three of these were excluded after full-text revision. The porcelain bond strength comparison between the cast and AM alloys for the 3-point bend subgroup revealed a significant result for overall effect (P<.001) favoring the SLM method with considerable heterogeneity (I2=83%, P<.001). Furthermore, the porcelain bond strength comparison between cast and milled alloys for the shear bond strength subgroup revealed a significant test for overall effect (P=.04) favoring milled procedures with a nonsignificant unimportant heterogeneity (I2= 0%, P<.47) and for the 3-point bend subgroup (P<.001) favoring milled specimens with a significant considerable heterogeneity (I2=79%, P<.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The metal manufacturing method had no effect on the porcelain bond strength to Co-Cr dental metal alloys.
Topics: Dental Porcelain; Chromium Alloys; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Dental Bonding; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Cobalt; Chromium; Dental Alloys
PubMed: 34294418
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.01.001