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General Hospital Psychiatry 2023This systematic review aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression in cardiac arrest (CA) survivors. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression in cardiac arrest (CA) survivors.
METHODS
A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed on observational studies in adult cardiac arrest survivors with psychiatric disorders from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. In the meta-analysis, we combined the prevalence quantitatively and analyzed the subgroup based on the classification indexes.
RESULTS
We identified 32 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Regarding anxiety,the pooled prevalence was 24% (95% CI, 17-31%) and 22% (95% CI, 13-26%) in short-term and long-term respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that the pooled incidence in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) survivors was 14.0% (95%CI, 9.0-20.0%) and 28.0% (95%CI, 20.0-36.0%) for short-term anxiety.The incidence of anxiety measured by, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAM-A) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) was higher than other tools(P < 0.01). Regarding depression,the data analysis showed that the pooled incidence of short-term and long-term depression was 19% (95% CI, 13-26%) and 19% (95% CI, 16-25%), respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of short-term and long-term depression was 8% (95% CI, 1-19%) and 30% (95% CI, 5-64%) for IHCA survivors, and was 18% (95% CI, 11-26%) and 17% (95% CI, 11-25%) for OHCA survivors. The incidence of depression measured by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS) and Symptom check list-90(SCL-90) was higher than other assessment tools(P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The meta-analysis indicated a high prevalence of anxiety and depression in CA survivors, and those symptoms persisted 1 year or more after CA. Evaluation tool is an important factor affecting the measurement results.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Depression; Prevalence; Anxiety; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest; Survivors
PubMed: 37028095
DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.03.013 -
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2023People living with chronic diseases are at an increased risk of anxiety and depression, which are associated with poorer medical and psychosocial outcomes. Many studies... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
People living with chronic diseases are at an increased risk of anxiety and depression, which are associated with poorer medical and psychosocial outcomes. Many studies have examined the trajectories of depression and anxiety in people with specific diseases, including the predictors of these trajectories. This is valuable for understanding the process of adjustment to diseases and informing treatment planning. However, no review has yet synthesised this information across chronic diseases.
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched for studies reporting trajectories of depression or anxiety in chronic disease samples. Data extracted included sample characteristics, results from trajectory analyses, and predictors of trajectories. Meta-analysis of the overall pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety trajectories was conducted, and qualitative synthesis of disease severity predictors was undertaken.
RESULTS
Following search and screening, 67 studies were included (N = 61,201 participants). Most participants followed a stable nonclinical trajectory for depression (69.0% [95% CI: 65.6, 72.2]) and anxiety (73.4% [95% CI: 66.3, 79.5]). Smaller but meaningful subsamples followed a trajectory of depression and anxiety symptoms consistently in the clinical range (11.8% [95% CI: 9.2, 14.8] and 13.7% [95% CI: 9.3, 19.7], respectively). Several clinical and methodological moderators emerged, and qualitative synthesis suggested that few aspects of disease severity were associated with participants' trajectories.
CONCLUSION
Most people with chronic disease follow a trajectory of distress that is low and stable, suggesting that most people psychologically adjust to living with chronic disease. Evidence also suggests that the nature and severity of the disease are not meaningful predictors of psychological distress.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Chronic Disease; Psychological Distress
PubMed: 37607505
DOI: 10.1159/000533263 -
Journal of the American Academy of... May 2020Youth with chronic medical conditions (CMCs) have been reported to be at increased risk for developing anxiety disorders. Importantly, suffering from anxiety may also... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Youth with chronic medical conditions (CMCs) have been reported to be at increased risk for developing anxiety disorders. Importantly, suffering from anxiety may also have an impact on their disease-related outcomes. This study set out to systematically review the literature on anxiety and seven CMCs (asthma, congenital heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and sickle cell disease) among youth.
METHOD
A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA statement. Searches were conducted across PubMed, PsycNET, Embase, and reference lists of the included studies (1990-2018). Three independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and conducted full-text assessment. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence of anxiety or the association of anxiety on disease-related outcomes in children and/or adolescents with the focal CMCs.
RESULTS
A total of 53 studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria. Across the CMCs, the prevalence of anxiety disorder was increased in youths with CMCs compared to the general population. Evidence for a relationship between anxiety and adverse disease-related outcomes was limited. For asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and sickle cell disease, there was some evidence indicating that anxiety was associated with adverse outcomes; supported by two longitudinal studies, one in asthma and one in inflammatory bowel disease. For diabetes, results were inconsistent; with some studies indicating that anxiety was associated with worse and others with better treatment adherence.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of anxiety disorders in youth with CMCs is higher than that in the general population. Anxiety may also be associated with adverse disease-related outcomes for youths, but it is not possible to draw definitive conclusions. Longitudinal studies making use of parent/youth composite anxiety measures and a combination of parent/youth reported and objective measures of disease-related outcomes are needed. Given the burden of disease of anxiety disorders, regardless of the impact on the disease outcomes, screening for and treatment of anxiety is recommended in youths with CMCs.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Chronic Disease; Humans; Prevalence
PubMed: 31676391
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.10.010 -
Arthritis Care & Research Feb 2024Many studies have reported high rates of anxiety in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this systematic review was to examine those findings and determine... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Many studies have reported high rates of anxiety in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this systematic review was to examine those findings and determine the overall prevalence, severity, and commonly used measures of anxiety in individuals with RA.
METHODS
Six databases were searched from January 2000 without restrictions on language/location, study design, or gray literature. All identified studies that examined anxiety prevalence and severity in adults with RA, as assessed with clinical diagnostic interview and/or standardized self-report measures, were considered for inclusion. Quality assessment of included studies was conducted using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Evaluation Scale, and the findings were synthesized via a narrative approach.
RESULTS
Across the 47 studies (n = 11,085 participants), the sample size ranged from 60 to 1,321 participants with seven studies including healthy controls or groups with other health conditions. The studies were conducted across 23 countries, and anxiety prevalence ranged from 2.4% to 77%, predominantly determined with standardized self-report measures, of which Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used most frequently; only eight studies used a clinical diagnostic interview to confirm a specific anxiety diagnosis. Notable associations with anxiety in RA were physical disability, pain, disease activity, depression, and quality of life.
CONCLUSION
The reported prevalence of anxiety in RA varied widely potentially because of use of different self-report measures and cutoff points. Such cutoff points will need to be standardized to clinical thresholds to inform appropriate interventions for anxiety comorbidity in RA.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Quality of Life; Prevalence; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Anxiety; Comorbidity; Depression
PubMed: 37779491
DOI: 10.1002/acr.25245 -
Psychology & Health Jan 2022Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is associated with higher rates of clinically significant anxiety and depression than in healthy populations. Psychosocial interventions...
OBJECTIVE
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is associated with higher rates of clinically significant anxiety and depression than in healthy populations. Psychosocial interventions targeting anxiety and depression in IBD have variable efficacy and disparate treatment approaches, making treatment recommendations difficult. The current study aimed to identify effective treatment components across psychosocial treatment approaches for anxiety and depression in IBD.
DESIGN
A systematic review of psychosocial treatments for anxiety and depression in IBD was conducted. Based on the Distillation and Matching Model, treatments were coded and data aggregated by intervention components, or practice elements (PE), to elucidate replicable clinical techniques.
MAIN OUTCOME
The percentage of studies utilizing a given PE was the primary outcome.
MEASURES
Among all included studies, as well as among those finding favorable, significant effects on anxiety or depression, the percentage utilizing each PE and number of PEs utilized was determined.
RESULTS
The most utilized PEs among included interventions were relaxation, IBD psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, distraction, and social skills. Examining only interventions with favorable differences on specified outcomes (HRQoL, Anxiety, Depression, and/or Coping) indicated that relaxation, education, cognitive restructuring, and mindfulness were most utilized.
CONCLUSION
Implications for clinical practice are discussed, including the development and dissemination of treatment recommendations.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Depression; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33499672
DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1867135 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023The aim of this review was to assess the possible risk factors arising from working conditions, that could have an impact on the stress, fear, and anxiety of...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this review was to assess the possible risk factors arising from working conditions, that could have an impact on the stress, fear, and anxiety of construction workers.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA format in the Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycInfo electronic databases on February 3, 2023, using the following key words: anxiety, stress, fear, and construction workers. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute.
RESULTS
A total of 35 studies were included. The results showed a number of conditioning factors for stress, anxiety, and fear among construction workers such as age, inappropriate safety equipment, safety culture, high workload and long working hours, physical pain, low social support from direct supervisor or co-workers, lack of organizational justice and lack of reward, financial situation, maladaptive coping strategies, and characteristics of the pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS
There are a number of risk factors related to working conditions, organizations, and individuals that can affect the levels of stress, anxiety, and fear among construction workers, such as age, work hardship, safety culture and, especially, the long hours that construction professionals work. This may lead to an increase in the number of occupational accidents and higher associated fatality rates.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022367724, identifier: CRD42022367724.
Topics: Humans; Construction Industry; Organizational Culture; Social Justice; Anxiety; Fear
PubMed: 37521990
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1226914 -
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning Dec 2020Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in pharmacy education increases, a closer examination of non-cognitive factors such as test anxiety is warranted. The purpose of this review was to determine the association between OSCE-associated test anxiety with OSCE performance in health professional students.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted to identify peer-reviewed literature concerning test anxiety in health professional students associated with OSCE. Investigators searched for a combination of OSCE-related terms with anxiety-related terms using PubMed. Articles were included if they assessed OSCE-related anxiety by quantitative or qualitative methods. Data extracted from eligible articles included demographic data, type of the anxiety survey, associations between OSCE-related anxiety and performance, and other student-factors associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 339 articles. Nine articles met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Results included students from medical, pharmacy, dental, and nursing professional programs. Anxiety was assessed via multiple scales. Six out of the eight studies assessing the relationship OSCE-related anxiety and OSCE performance found no association between the two measures. Contrary to literature concerning test anxiety in higher education, female gender was not associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
CONCLUSION
OSCE-related anxiety appears to have minimal to no influence on student performance. Future studies should utilize standardized anxiety assessments and should seek to understand anxiety's effects on student wellbeing and burnout.
Topics: Anxiety; Clinical Competence; Educational Measurement; Female; Humans; Physical Examination; Students
PubMed: 33092780
DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2020.07.007 -
International Journal of Adolescent... Jun 2023To evaluate the depression and anxiety symptoms, or both in adolescents and young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to those without PCOS. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the depression and anxiety symptoms, or both in adolescents and young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to those without PCOS.
CONTENTS
A comprehensive electronic search was conducted to identify observational studies on PCOS patients (January 1991-December 2020). The population study included adolescents and young women (14-29 years of age) in two groups of cases (with PCOS) and controls (without PCOS) who were diagnosed with PCOS using the Rotterdam or National Institutes of Health criteria (NIH). Symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both, reported separately, were of interest. Mean (SD) of depression or anxiety symptoms, or both, as measured by a quantitatively validated scale for both the case and control groups. All eligible studies were quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool. The initial database search resulted in the discovery of 1,582 papers, of which 806 were selected after screening the titles and abstracts and removing duplicates. A total of 49 papers were found to be suitable for full-text reading. This meta-analysis included ten studies comprising 941 adolescent/young women (391 with PCOS and 550 without PCOS). The standard mean difference (SMD) and its corresponding confidence interval (CI) at 95 % were used to compare depression or anxiety symptoms, or both, between two groups.
SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK
The results, which included 192 cases, demonstrated that adolescents/young women with PCOS had significantly more depressive symptoms than those without PCOS (n=360) (SMD 0.72; 95 % CI, 0.09-1.34; Z=2.25, p=0.025; Heterogeneity: I=89.7 %; p=0.000). Also, the results which included 299 cases demonstrated that adolescents/young women with PCOS had significantly more anxiety symptoms than those without PCOS (n=421) (SMD 0.59; 95 % CI, 0.13-1.05; Z=2.51, p=0.012; Heterogeneity: I=86.1 %; p=0.000). This meta-analysis demonstrates that adolescent/young women with PCOS have significantly more depression or anxiety symptoms than those without PCOS.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Depression; Anxiety
PubMed: 37158791
DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2022-0065 -
World Neurosurgery Apr 2024Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a debilitating neurological condition with significant long-term consequences on the mental health and well-being of affected... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a debilitating neurological condition with significant long-term consequences on the mental health and well-being of affected individuals. We aimed to investigate anxiety and depression in individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to December 20th, 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, and studies were included according to the eligibility criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 1013 articles were screened, and 18 studies with 4234 individuals were included in the final review. Of these, 1613 individuals (38.1%) had paraplegia, whereas 1658 (39.2%) had tetraplegia. A total of 1831 participants (43.2%) had complete TSCI, whereas 1024 (24.2%) had incomplete TSCI. The most common etiology of TSCI with 1545 people (36.5%) was motor vehicle accidents. The youngest mean age at the time of injury was 5.92 ± 4.92 years, whereas the oldest was 14.6 ± 2.8 years. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was the most common psychological assessment used in 9 studies (50.0%). Various risk factors, including pain in 4 studies (22.2%), reduced sleep quality, reduced functional independence, illicit drug use, incomplete injury, hospitalization, reduced quality of life, and duration of injury in 2 (11.1%) studies, each, were associated with elevated anxiety and depression.
CONCLUSIONS
Different biopsychosocial risk factors contribute to elevated rates of anxiety and depression among individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI. Individuals at risk of developing anxiety and depression should be identified, and targeted support should be provided. Future large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate and extend these findings.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Child, Preschool; Depression; Quality of Life; Spinal Cord Injuries; Paraplegia; Anxiety
PubMed: 38143027
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.092 -
A systematic review with meta-analysis of Yoga's contributions to neuropsychiatric aspects of aging.Behavioural Brain Research Oct 2023Yoga is one of the most common Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) for mind-body approaches to psychological and stress-related conditions in aging. Such wide... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
UNLABELLED
Yoga is one of the most common Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) for mind-body approaches to psychological and stress-related conditions in aging. Such wide usage demands the review and systematization of the scientific literature, searching for accumulated evidence of its effectiveness. We reviewed the literature to assess whether Yoga would offer significant improvements to neuropsychiatric aspects of the elderly: anxiety, depression, stress, memory and executive functions.
METHODS
This systematic review with meta-analyses organized the results from all analyzed articles, comparing them between the experimental and either the control or waiting groups, calculating the effect size (Cohen-d) and the p-value of a two-tailed T-test. We presented the transformed metadata in forest graphs.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Given the heterogeneity of methods, results, and effect sizes of each study and due to the number of articles found, this meta-analysis indicates that it is not possible to state that Yoga reduces anxiety and stress in the elderly or improves cognition. However, this meta-analysis found significant results of Yoga in reducing depression with small to medium effect sizes.
CONCLUSION
According to the currently available literature on Yoga and aspects of aging, we concluded that yoga was effective in most studies on reducing depression.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Yoga; Aging; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Cognition
PubMed: 37598905
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114636