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Endocrine Jun 2024Plenty of evidence suggests that dysregulated microRNAs are linked to developing autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify commonly linked... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Plenty of evidence suggests that dysregulated microRNAs are linked to developing autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify commonly linked dysregulated microRNAs in Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) and explore microRNA-targeted genes and the involved pathways.
METHODS
Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched using the MeSH terms and free text terms, which yielded 11879 articles published up to July 2023. Two-step screening(first for titles and second for abstracts) was completed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy was formulated using the PEO format(Population, Exposure, and Outcome) for observational studies. The corresponding target genes and relevant signaling pathways were also identified using web servers of Diana Tools/its mirPath v.3 software, miRNA Enrichment Analysis, Mirpath DB2, miRPathDB 2.0, and miRmap.
RESULTS
Review inclusion criteria were met by 16 studies. Thirty-three microRNAs were identified as differentially expressed in HT patients compared to a healthy control after qRT-PCR or RNA sequencing confirmation. Only three miR-146a, miR-142, and miR-301 showed significant results in more than two studies comparing HT cases with healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
Three key microRNAs in HT were identified by systematic review; the corresponding target genes and signaling pathways involved in the target genes were also identified. These microRNAs regulate the immune response and inflammation and may favor the development and progression of HT. These data may be beneficial to make a step forward to understand the exact etiology of HT and use of these MicroRNAs as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as target therapy.
Topics: Hashimoto Disease; Humans; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 38212462
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03673-4 -
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and... 2020Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful nodules, sinus tracts, and significant scarring. Although the pathogenesis of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful nodules, sinus tracts, and significant scarring. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is not well established, there is increasing evidence to suggest that it is an immune-mediated disorder. Previous studies have suggested a relationship between HS and thyroid disease, which is also driven by an autoimmune process. We sought to assess whether an association exists between HS and thyroid disease.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether HS is associated with thyroid disease via meta-analysis of case-control studies.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to recommended PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed using 6 electronic databases from their inception until August 2018. Data were extracted and analyzed according to predefined clinical endpoints. Odds ratio (OR) was used as the summary effect size.
RESULTS
We identified 5 case-controls studies included for meta-analysis. There were a total of 36 103 HS cases compared with 170 517 control cases. We found a significant association between HS and thyroid disease (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.13-1.64, = 78%, = .001).
CONCLUSIONS
This pooled analysis of existing case-control studies to date supports an association between HS and any thyroid disease. Clinicians treating patients with HS should be aware of this potential association with thyroid disease.
Topics: Autoimmunity; Cytokines; Hidradenitis Suppurativa; Humans; Thyroid Diseases
PubMed: 31994934
DOI: 10.1177/1203475419874411 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022The correlation between benign thyroid disease (BTD) and breast cancer (BC) has long been discussed. However, the definite relationship and potential mechanism between... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The correlation between benign thyroid disease (BTD) and breast cancer (BC) has long been discussed. However, the definite relationship and potential mechanism between them are still disputed. The current meta-analysis aimed at performing a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between different types of benign thyroid disease and the risk of breast cancer, furthermore, assessing whether benign thyroid disease exerts an influence on the aggressiveness of breast cancer.
METHOD
A systematic literature search (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase databases) identified studies to evaluate the correlation between BTD and BC risk. Data were analyzed using version 16.0 STATA software, including the odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias and quality assessment were conducted for the included studies.
RESULT
Overall, 18 studies involving 422,384 patients with BTD were incorporated. The outcome showed that autoimmune thyroiditis (OR: 2.56, 95%CI: 1.95-3.37, I 0.0%, p=0.460), goiter (OR: 2.13, 95%CI: 1.19-3.79, I 80.6%, p=0.000), and Graves' disease (OR: 5.01, 95%CI: 1.49-16.82, I 0.0%, p=0.358) was connected with a higher risk of BC. Both hypothyroidism (OR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.64-1.04, I 85.0%, p=0.000) and hyperthyroidism (OR: 1.07, 95%CI: 0.93-1.24, I 24.9%, p=0.206) had no significant association with the risk of BC. Additionally, the pooled analysis showed no apparent correlation between BTD and aggressiveness of BC. However, subgroup analysis indicated a positive relationship between BTD and aggressiveness of BC in the Europe subgroup (HR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1.32-3.17, I 86.4%, p=0.000).
CONCLUSION
Autoimmune thyroiditis, goiter, and Graves' disease are connected with an increased risk of BC. Furthermore, subgroup analysis suggested that BTD increases the aggressiveness of BC in the European population geographically. Nevertheless, further research is needed to prove these discoveries.
Topics: Humans; Female; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Breast Neoplasms; Thyroid Diseases; Goiter; Graves Disease
PubMed: 36313770
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.984593 -
Cureus Aug 2022Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder of the body's exocrine glands; however, it is known to have numerous extra-glandular and endocrine manifestations in the... (Review)
Review
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder of the body's exocrine glands; however, it is known to have numerous extra-glandular and endocrine manifestations in the body. Moreover, other autoimmune have also been reported with high prevalence in patients with Sjogren's syndrome, including thyroid diseases. Therefore in this study, we aimed to ascertain the increased risk of developing thyroid disorders in patients with pre-existing Sjogren's syndrome. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Online searches on PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Google Scholar, and Cochrane were done till 5th June 2022 to filter out studies published in the last twenty years. Based on the inclusion-exclusion criteria, 167 studies were initially selected. They were screened and assessed by quality assessment tools that yielded seven studies, including one meta-analysis, three non-randomized control trials, and three systematic reviews. The study proved that patients with Sjogren's syndrome are at significant risk of developing thyroid disorders, especially autoimmune thyroiditis. This also highlights the need for advanced research and better diagnostic and screening protocols for these patients to reduce the seriousness of the disease.
PubMed: 36120277
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28062 -
Journal of Endocrinological... Sep 2020Polyglandular autoimmune syndromes (PAS) are complex, heterogeneous disorders in which various autoimmune diseases can occur, affecting both endocrine and non-endocrine... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Polyglandular autoimmune syndromes (PAS) are complex, heterogeneous disorders in which various autoimmune diseases can occur, affecting both endocrine and non-endocrine organs. In this meta-analysis, the prevalence of associated autoimmune disorders was investigated in PAS II and III.
METHODS
A comprehensive search in MEDLINE and Embase databases identified 479 studies with the keywords of PAS II and PAS III. 18 records containing a total of 1312 patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria (original studies reporting at least 10 cases and containing the combination of other autoimmune disorders) and were selected for further analysis. A meta-analysis of prevalence was performed using the random-effects model with the calculation of 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results of each meta-analysis were displayed graphically using forest plots.
RESULTS
Distinction between PAS II and PAS III was made in 842 cases, of which 177 and 665 were PAS II and III (21.1 vs 78.9%), respectively. The prevalence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis was significantly higher than that of Graves's disease (39% [95% CI 17-65%] vs. 4% [95% CI 0-10%], respectively; p = 0.001). In PAS II, Addison's disease (AD) coexisted with AITDs, T1DM or the combination of these conditions in 65, 18 and 10% of cases, respectively. In addition, one other endocrine and five non-endocrine organ-specific autoimmune disorders were reported. In PAS III, two other autoimmune endocrinopathies, six non-endocrine organ-specific, and four systemic autoimmune disorders were found in combination with AITDs.
CONCLUSIONS
AITDs, T1DM and AD are the most common combinations in PAS, thus screening for these conditions seems to be reasonable.
Topics: Addison Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autoimmune Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Female; Graves Disease; Hashimoto Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 32227311
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01229-1 -
Current Rheumatology Reviews 2021Over 4.9 million cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed since the worldwide pandemic began. Since the emergence of COVID-19, a number of...
INTRODUCTION
Over 4.9 million cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed since the worldwide pandemic began. Since the emergence of COVID-19, a number of confirmed cases reported autoimmune manifestations. Herein, we reviewed the reported COVID-19 cases with associated autoimmune manifestations.
METHODS
We searched PubMed database using all available keywords for COVID-19. All related studies between January 1st, 2020 to May 22nd, 2020 were reviewed. Only studies published in English language were considered. Articles were screened based on titles and abstracts. All reports of confirmed COVID-19 patients who have associated clinical evidence of autoimmune disease were selected.
RESULTS
Among the 10006 articles, searches yielded thirty-two relevant articles for full-text assessment. Twenty studies has met the eligibility criteria. The twenty eligible articles reported 33 cases of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who developed an autoimmune disease after the onset of covid-19 symptoms. Ages of patients varied from a 6 months old infant to 89 years old female (Mean=53.9 years of 28 cases); five cases had no information regarding their age. The time between symptoms of viral illness and onset of autoimmune symptoms ranged from 2 days to 33 days (Mean of the 33 cases=9.8 days). Autoimmune diseases were one case of subacute thyroiditis (3%), two cases of Kawasaki Disease (6.1%), three cases of coagulopathy and antiphospholipid syndrome (9.1%), three cases of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (9.1%), eight cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (24.2%), and sixteen cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (48.5%).
CONCLUSION
COVID-19 has been implicated in the development of a range of autoimmune diseases, which may shed light on the association between autoimmune diseases and infections.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autoimmune Diseases; COVID-19; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 33121413
DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666201029155856 -
Cureus Feb 2023Shear-wave elastography (SWE) has emerged as a novel ultrasonographic technique for the diagnosis of pediatric Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT). This systematic review and... (Review)
Review
Shear-wave elastography (SWE) has emerged as a novel ultrasonographic technique for the diagnosis of pediatric Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarize current evidence to determine the diagnostic value of SWE for HT. MEDLINE, a comprehensive search yielded five studies inclusive of 392 subjects. A meta-analysis comparing SWE values (kPa) between children with HT and healthy controls yielded a Cohen's d-value of 1.34 (CI 1.02-1.65), suggesting statistically significant differences in SWE values. Such evidence indicates that SWE may serve as a valuable tool in diagnosing HT in the pediatric population.
PubMed: 37007310
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35490 -
Autoimmunity Sep 2020In the past few years, an increasing number of studies have proposed the idea of extending the therapeutic range of metformin from traditional hypoglycaemic to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
In the past few years, an increasing number of studies have proposed the idea of extending the therapeutic range of metformin from traditional hypoglycaemic to autoimmune diseases, and confirmed in a variety of autoimmune diseases. However, whether metformin can be used to treat Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), which is characterised by thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), is unknown. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether metformin can reduce the levels of TPOAb and TgAb in patients with HT or subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), so as to provide a theoretical basis for metformin treatment of these diseases.
METHODS
PubMed, Web Of Science and Embase were searched for observational studies investigating the changes of TPOAb and TgAb in patients with HT after metformin treatment. Two authors extracted data from eligible studies and classified them as HT and subclinical hypothyroidism subgroups. The calculation was then performed by weighted mean difference (WMD) combined with a fixed-effects model analysis or standard mean difference (SMD) with a random-effects model analysis, based on the measurement of the outcome.
RESULTS
Metformin significantly reduced TPOAb levels and TgAb levels in patients with HT and SH, especially TPOAb (HT: = .009, = .046; SH: = .034, = .066). In addition, metformin also reduced the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with HT and SH (HT: = .000 and = .000; SH: = .000 and = .000, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Metformin significantly reduces TPOAb level and TgAb level in patients with HT and SH, especially TPOAb. This study is the first to provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the clinical application of metformin in the treatment of HT.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Hashimoto Disease; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Metformin; Observational Studies as Topic; Thyrotropin; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32741222
DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2020.1789969 -
Oral Diseases Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Hashimoto Disease; Lichen Planus, Oral
PubMed: 37094072
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14591 -
Journal of Neurology Apr 2024Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare but potentially reversible cause of cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, dysautonomia, and movement disorders. It is an autoimmune... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare but potentially reversible cause of cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, dysautonomia, and movement disorders. It is an autoimmune encephalitis which, due to its insidious onset, could mimic neurodegenerative disorders, and multiple symptoms overlap with those seen in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We hypothesized that the symptomatology and findings in patients with anti-IgLON5 disease overlapped with that of DLB.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the commonality of features in anti-IgLON5 disease and DLB and identify potential red flags for anti-IgLON5 disease in patients undergoing diagnostic evaluation for DLB.
METHODS
We searched in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase from inception on December the 8th, 2022 with the search term "IgLON5". We performed a systematic review of case reports and case series of anti-IgLON5 disease, and two reviewers independently extracted data on symptoms and findings. Frequencies of symptoms were compared with consensus criteria for DLB.
RESULTS
We included 57 studies with 127 individual case reports of anti-IgLON5 disease (mean age 63 years at diagnosis, median symptom duration 2 years). Cognitive dysfunction was reported in 45% of cases, REM-sleep behavioral disorder in 15%, and 14% had parkinsonism. Respiratory insufficiency was reported in 37%, and bulbar symptoms in 67%.
CONCLUSIONS
We found a significant overlap between anti-IgLON5 disease and DLB. We propose that anti-IgLON5 disease should be considered in young patients with DLB with chorea, gaze palsy, early dysphagia, or prominent respiratory symptoms. Our study contributes to the emerging knowledge on symptoms and biomarkers in anti-IgLON5 disease.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Lewy Body Disease; Cognitive Dysfunction; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder; Sleep Wake Disorders; Encephalitis; Hashimoto Disease
PubMed: 38195895
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12145-8