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Health Information and Libraries Journal Sep 2022Increasing affordability, accessibility and penetration of internet services worldwide, have substantially changed the ways of gathering health-related information. This... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Increasing affordability, accessibility and penetration of internet services worldwide, have substantially changed the ways of gathering health-related information. This has led to the origin of concept infodemiology that allows the information to be collected and analysed in near real time. Globally, oral diseases affect nearly 3.5 billion people; thus, volume and profile of oral health searches would help in understanding specific community dental needs and formulation of pertinent oral health strategies.
AIM
To review the published literature on infodemiological aspects of oral health and disease.
METHODOLOGY
This scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Electronic search engines (Google Scholar) and databases (PubMed, Web of science, Scopus) were searched from 2002 onwards.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight articles were included in this review. The infodemiological studies for oral health and disease were mainly used in two domains. Out of 38 articles, 24 accessed the quality of available online information and 15 studied online oral health-related information seeking behaviour.
CONCLUSION
The most commonly searched oral diseases were toothache, oral cancer, dental caries, periodontal disease, oral maxillofacial surgical procedures and paediatric oral diseases. Most of the studies belonged to developed countries and Google was the most researched search engine.
Topics: Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Infodemiology; Information Seeking Behavior; Internet; Oral Health; Search Engine
PubMed: 36046959
DOI: 10.1111/hir.12453 -
Journal of the American Dental... Jan 2024Ankyloglossia is a congenital alteration that affects the tongue's mobility, influencing craniofacial development; however, its association with malocclusion is still... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Ankyloglossia is a congenital alteration that affects the tongue's mobility, influencing craniofacial development; however, its association with malocclusion is still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between ankyloglossia and malocclusion in patients.
TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED
The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that investigated the association between malocclusion and the presence of ankyloglossia in any age group, used any assessment tool to diagnose ankyloglossia, and considered all types of malocclusion. The authors conducted searches in 8 electronic databases through July 1, 2022. They used Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools to assess the methodological quality and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach to assess the certainty of the evidence.
RESULTS
Eleven studies (5 cross-sectional, 6 case-control) included 2,904 patients and over 13 occlusal alterations. The certainty of the evidence ranged from low through very low. Patients with Angle Class III malocclusion had similar or more inserted lingual frenula than patients with Class I malocclusion (standard mean difference, 0.37; 95% CI, -0.50 to 1.25) and Class II malocclusion (standard mean difference, 0.55; 95% CI, -0.52 to 1.63). Patients with Class III malocclusion had clinically significant increased mouth opening reduction compared with patients with Class I malocclusion (mean difference, 6.67; 95% CI, 4.01 to 9.33) and Class II malocclusion (mean difference, 5.04; 95% CI, 2.35 to 7.72) patients.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
There is uncertain evidence that ankyloglossia may be associated with the development of occlusal alterations. Ankyloglossia did not influence the Angle classification. Clinicians should closely follow children with ankyloglossia to evaluate whether this condition interferes with the occlusion. Future research should prospectively follow up on the long-term association between ankyloglossia and malocclusion. The protocol was registered a priori in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021248034). No amendments were deemed necessary after the registration of the protocol. Some subgroup analyses planned a priori were not possible, such as the severity of ankyloglossia, sex, and age, due to the lack of studies reporting data for these subgroups.
Topics: Child; Humans; Ankyloglossia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Malocclusion, Angle Class II
PubMed: 37999659
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.09.014 -
European Journal of Orthodontics May 2023Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep breathing disorder which may have dramatic effects on childhood behaviour, neurodevelopment, metabolism, and overall... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep breathing disorder which may have dramatic effects on childhood behaviour, neurodevelopment, metabolism, and overall health in children. Malocclusion and craniofacial morphology may be related to paediatric OSA, and therefore provide information for clinicians to recognize, evaluate and treat patients with this sleeping disorder.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize evidence regarding the association between paediatric OSA and children's dental and craniofacial characteristics.
SEARCH METHODS
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 1 June 2022.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Cross-sectional studies, comparing dental or craniofacial characteristics using clinical dental examinations or radiographic findings between OSA children (less than 18 year, diagnosed with overnight polysomnography) and healthy children, were included.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the quality of included studies. RevMan software was used for performing the Meta-analyses.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that the overjet (MD = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.51; P = 0.01), the saggital skeletal jaw discrepancy (ANB; MD = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.52; P < 0.00001) and mandibular plane angle (FH-MP; MD = 3.65, 95% CI: 2.45 to 4.85; P < 0.00001) were greater in OSA-affected children. In contrast, the upper molar arch width (upper first deciduous molar width; MD = -1.86, 95% CI: -3.52 to -0.20; P = 0.03), (Upper second deciduous molar width; MD = -1.06, 95% CI: -1.88 to -0.24; P = 0.01), SNB (MD = -2.10, 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.09; P < 0.0001), and maxillary length (ANS-PNS; MD = -1.62, 95% CI: -2.66 to -0.58; P = 0.002) were smaller in the OSA group.
CONCLUSIONS
This review shows that OSA-affected children tend to present with mandibular retroposition or retrognathia, increased mandibular plane angle and excess anterior overjet. However, these findings need to be viewed with caution as the corresponding differences may not be significant clinically.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42020162274).
Topics: Child; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Overbite; Malocclusion; Polysomnography; Retrognathia
PubMed: 36763565
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac074 -
Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine Mar 2022A potential relationship between oral health and cardiovascular diseases has been proposed. However, uncertainty remains as to whether there is sufficient data to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
A potential relationship between oral health and cardiovascular diseases has been proposed. However, uncertainty remains as to whether there is sufficient data to support this association. This review aims to appraise the relationship between apical periodontitis and cardiovascular disease based on data from observational studies.
METHODS
The databases Medline (via PubMed) and EMBASE (via Scopus) were searched up to August 2020 for observational studies (case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort) assessing the association of apical periodontitis with cardiovascular disease among adults. Pooled relative risk/odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses and random-effects meta-regressions were performed.
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 2537 documents, of which 15 were eligible for inclusion, including 8 cross-sectional studies, 5 case-control studies, and 2 cohort studies. The majority of studies enrolled both men and women, with mean age ranging from 41 to 66 years. In cross-sectional studies, the presence of apical periodontitis was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease with a combined odds ratio of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.02-2.29, = 0.039; I2 = 75.0%; < 0.001). In the case-control studies, the combined odds ratio did not show a significant association of apical periodontitis with cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 0.67-2.29, = 0.494; I2 = 82.1%; < 0.001). The pooled risk ratio from the 2 cohort studies showed (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 0.71-2.27, = 0.413; I2 = 69.1%; = 0.072) also showed no significant association between apical periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. These results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS
Data derived from cross-sectional studies suggest a weak association between apical periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. As the results were not consistent across study designs, further research is recommended, namely longitudinal studies with long-term follow-up.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO database (CRD42020204379).
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periapical Periodontitis
PubMed: 35345267
DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2303100 -
European Journal of Orthodontics Nov 2023The genetic basis of dentoalveolar characteristics has been investigated by several studies, however, the findings are equivocal. The objective of this systematic review... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The genetic basis of dentoalveolar characteristics has been investigated by several studies, however, the findings are equivocal. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the heritability of dental arches and occlusal parameters in different stages of human dentition.
SEARCH METHODS
Electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Dentistry and Oral Science Source were searched up to August 2023 without the restriction of language or publication date.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Empirical studies investigating the heritability of dentoalveolar parameters among twins and siblings were included in the review.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently and in duplicate by two authors and a third author resolved conflicts if needed. Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias among studies and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight studies were included in the systematic review, of which 15 studies reporting heritability coefficients in the permanent dentition stages were deemed suitable for the meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses showed high heritability estimates for maxillary intermolar width (0.52), maxillary intercanine width (0.54), mandibular intermolar width (0.55), mandibular intercanine width (0.55), maxillary arch length (0.76), mandibular arch length (0.57), and palatal depth (0.56). The heritability estimates for the occlusal parameters varied considerably, with relatively moderate values for crossbite (0.46) and overbite (0.44) and low values for buccal segment relationship (0.32), overjet (0.22), and rotation and displacement of teeth (0.16). However, the certainty of evidence for most of the outcomes was low according to the GRADE criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the available evidence, it can be concluded that the dental arch dimensions have a high heritability while the occlusal parameters demonstrate a moderate to low heritability.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42022358442).
Topics: Humans; Dental Arch; Malocclusion; Overbite; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Dentition, Permanent
PubMed: 37822010
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjad061 -
Expert Review of Gastroenterology &... Sep 2021: Dental erosion occurs by dissolving dental apatite when exposed to non-bacterial acids. One of the factors that predispose to dental erosion is gastroesophageal reflux...
: Dental erosion occurs by dissolving dental apatite when exposed to non-bacterial acids. One of the factors that predispose to dental erosion is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) due to chronic regurgitation of gastric contents to the oropharynx. Thus, in addition to other extraesophageal symptoms, individuals with GERD may have erosive dental lesions.: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the association and prevalence of erosive wear in patients with GERD. The bibliographic search was performed in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases, using the descriptors 'gastroesophageal reflux disease' AND 'dental erosion', considering clinical studies recently published from 2012 to 2020.: GERD can be considered a risk factor for the development of erosive dental lesions, whose prevalence was significantly higher in this group. However, several other factors can be commonly associated with the prevalence and severity of dental erosion among the world population, such as dietary habits, lifestyle, abrasion and bruxism. Thus, the prevalence and distribution of erosive lesions among healthy and GERD subjects varied widely among studies, which denotes the etiological complexity of dental erosion and reinforces the importance of careful and detailed anamnesis in order to establish an accurate diagnosis.
Topics: Bruxism; Diet; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Life Style; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Tooth Abrasion; Tooth Erosion
PubMed: 33571021
DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1890030 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Oct 2023Tooth wear (TW) prevalence is high and increasing and has important consequences on the patient's quality of life. Knowledge of risk factors is crucial to promote... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tooth wear (TW) prevalence is high and increasing and has important consequences on the patient's quality of life. Knowledge of risk factors is crucial to promote diagnosis, prevention strategies and timely interceptive treatment. Many studies have identified TW risk factors.
OBJECTIVE
This scoping review aims to map and describe suspected available factors associated with TW in permanent dentition based on quantitative measurement.
METHODS
The scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension of the Scoping Reviews checklist. The search was conducted in October 2022 from the Medline® (PubMed® interface) and Scopus® databases. Two independent reviewers selected and characterised the studies.
RESULTS
2702 articles were identified for assessment of titles and abstracts, and 273 articles were included in the review. The results show a need to standardise TW measurement indices and the study design. The included studies highlighted various factors, classified into nine domains: sociodemographic factors, medical history, drinking habits, eating habits, oral hygiene habits, dental factors, bruxism and temporomandibular disorders, behavioural factors, and stress. Results related to chemical TW (erosion) risk factors underline the importance of eating disorders, gastroesophageal reflux and lifestyle, particularly drinking and eating behaviours, which supports developing public health information campaigns and interventions. Besides chemical, this review identifies evidence of several mechanical TW risk factors, such as toothbrushing and bruxism; the influence of this last factor needs to be further explored.
CONCLUSIONS
TW management and prevention require a multidisciplinary approach. Dentists are in the first line to detect associated diseases such as reflux or eating disorders. Consequently, practitioners' information and guideline diffusion should be promoted, and a TW risk factors checklist (the ToWeR checklist) is proposed to help diagnostic approaches.
Topics: Humans; Bruxism; Dentition, Permanent; Tooth Erosion; Quality of Life; Tooth Wear; Tooth Attrition; Risk Factors; Gastroesophageal Reflux
PubMed: 37147932
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13489 -
Arab Journal of Gastroenterology : the... Nov 2023Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease, comprising hepatic steatosis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Periodontal disease (PD) may be a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease, comprising hepatic steatosis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Periodontal disease (PD) may be a risk factor for the evolution of liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between NAFLD and PD.We searched in Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Lilacs databases with descriptors (Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease OR (non-alcoholic AND Fatty Liver AND disease) OR Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis) AND (Periodontal Disease OR Gingivitis OR Periodontitis) from January 2021 to September 2021. We selected, by the abstract, cross-sectional, cohort (prospective and retrospective), and case-control studies that address periodontal disease in patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and aged ≥ 18 years. The search was without the restriction of language and publication time.The search resulted in 954 articles. After applying the selection criteria, five cross-sectional studies remained. A metanalysis combined the study estimates of periodontal disease in NAFLD, by using the random effects. The Odds Ratio (1.91; 95% CI 1.21-3.02; P = 0.006) indicates that the chance of presenting Periodontal disease is 91% higher in individuals with NAFLD when compared with individuals without NAFLD. There are few studies with appropriate methodology to produce sound evidence about the causal relationship between the use of NAFLD and PD, however, studies support the association. So, dental staff must be aware of this association for better management of periodontal disease in patients with NAFLD.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 37993376
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.09.005 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2022Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease triggered by the infection of the periodontal sulcus by microbes. Together with the abundant eubacterial microbiota, at least... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease triggered by the infection of the periodontal sulcus by microbes. Together with the abundant eubacterial microbiota, at least two parasites have often been identified: the amoeba Entamoeba gingivalis and the flagellate Trichomonas tenax. The role of these protists in the pathophysiology of periodontal disease remains to be deciphered. A high diversity in their measured prevalence, mainly due to methodological concerns, prevents further analysis of the aetiological link between these parasites and periodontitis.
METHODS
To determine E. gingivalis and T. tenax prevalence in periodontal pockets as compared to healthy sulci, we have conducted a systematic review, searching 3 remote databases (Pubmed, LILACS, and Google Scholar), restricting to papers in which the diagnostic of the parasite was made using molecular methods. A total of 5 studies for E. gingivalis and 2 studies for T. tenax were included for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
In the periodontal pockets, the prevalence of parasites is 76.9% (95%-CI: 71.5-81.7%) for E. gingivalis and 38.6% (95%-CI: 27.2-50.0%) for T. tenax . Both parasites are more abundant in periodontal pockets as compared to healthy sulci, with a risk ratio of 3.96 (95%-CI: 1.57-9.98) for E. gingivalis and 21.82 (95%-CI: 6.71-70.96) for T. tenax . The two subtypes of E. gingivalis exhibited the same risk ratio: 3.30 (95%-CI: 1.27-8.55) for ST1 and 3.30 (95%-CI: 0.42-26.03) for ST2, but ST1 was more prevalent (70.6%, 95%-CI: 65.0-76.2%) than ST2 (43.9%, 95%-CI: 35.5-52.4%) in periodontal pockets.
CONCLUSION
Altogether, the data show that parasites are more prevalent in the diseased than in the healthy. However, the differences in prevalence between species and subtypes call for more studies to be able to conclude about their individual contributions in the pathophysiology of periodontal diseases. The heterogeneity in prevalence estimation should be investigated further, in particular to make out biological from methodological heterogeneity.
Topics: Animals; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; Parasites; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Trichomonas Infections
PubMed: 35612794
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_5 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Sep 2023PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies published up to October 2021.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies published up to October 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Two separate search strategies were employed: (1) In adults with periodontitis, what is the prevalence or incidence of respiratory diseases compared to healthy or gingivitis adults in cross-sectional, cohort or case -control studies. (2) In adults with periodontitis and respiratory disease, what are the effects of periodontal therapy compared to no or minimal therapy in clinical trials (randomised and non-randomised)? Respiratory diseases were defined as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), asthma, COVID-19, and community acquire pneumonia (CAP). Exclusion criteria included non-English studies, individuals with severe systemic comorbidities, less than 12 months follow up, and a sample size less than 10 individuals.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Two reviewers independently screened the titles, abstracts, and selected manuscripts against the inclusion criteria. Disagreement was solved by consulting a third reviewer. Studies were classified according to the respiratory diseases investigated. Quality assessment was performed using various tools. Qualitative assessment was performed. Studies with sufficient data were included in meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q test and I index. Fixed and random effects models were used. Effect sizes were presented as odds-ratios, relative risks, and hazard ratios.
RESULTS
75 studies were included. Meta-analyses revealed statistically significant positive associations of periodontitis with COPD and OSA (p < 0.001) however no association for asthma. Four studies showed positive effects of periodontal treatment on COPD, asthma, and CAP.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; COVID-19; Periodontitis; Asthma; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 37188924
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00899-z