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Brazilian Oral Research 2021Dentifrices containing different active agents may be helpful to allow rehardening and to increase the resistance of the eroded surface to further acids or mechanical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Dentifrices containing different active agents may be helpful to allow rehardening and to increase the resistance of the eroded surface to further acids or mechanical impacts. This study aimed to compare the effects of conventional (sodium fluoride [NaF]) and stannous fluoride (SnF2)-containing dentifrices on reducing erosive tooth wear (ETW). The PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, BBO, EMBASE, TRIP electronic databases, and grey literature were searched until January 2021 to retrieve relevant in vitro and in situ studies related to research question. There were no restrictions on publication year or language. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. ETW data were pooled to calculate and compare both dentifrices (overall analysis) and in vitro and in situ studies separately (subgroup analysis). Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan5.3 with a random effects model. Of 820 potentially eligible studies, 101 were selected for full-text analysis, and 8 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant difference between SnF2-containing dentifrices and NaF dentifrices only for in vitro studies (p=0.04), showing a higher effect of the SnF2-containing dentifrices against the erosion/abrasion (effect size: -6.80 95%CI: -13.42; -0.19). Most in vitro and in situ studies had high and low risk of bias, respectively. In vitro literature suggests that the ETW reduction is greater when using SnF2-containing dentifrices instead NaF-containing dentifrices. However, the evidence level is insufficient for definitive conclusions. Clinical trials are necessary for a better understanding of the effect of these compounds on ETW.
Topics: Dentifrices; Fluorides; Humans; Tin Fluorides; Tooth Erosion; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 34816902
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0114 -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Dec 2023There is currently a lack of evidence supporting the use of valid surrogates in caries clinical trials. This study aimed at examining the validity of two surrogate... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is currently a lack of evidence supporting the use of valid surrogates in caries clinical trials. This study aimed at examining the validity of two surrogate outcomes used in randomized clinical trials for caries prevention, pit and fissure sealants and fluoridated dentifrices, according to the Prentice criteria.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS and Scopus databases up to 05 October 2022. The grey literature and the list of eligible studies' references were also screened. The search was conducted, selecting randomized clinical trials focussed on dental caries prevention using pit and fissure sealants or fluoridated dentifrices and with at least one surrogate endpoint for cavitated caries lesions. The risk of each surrogate endpoint and for the occurrence of cavitated caries lesions was calculated and compared. The association between each surrogate and the presence of cavitation was quantified, and each outcome was assessed graphically for validity according to the Prentice criteria.
RESULTS
For pit and fissure sealants, from 1696 potentially eligible studies, 51 were included; while for fluoridated dentifrices, of 3887 potentially eligible studies, four were included. Possible surrogates assessed were retention of sealants, presence of white spot lesions, presence of plaque or marginal discoloration around the sealants, oral hygiene index, radiographic and fluorescence caries lesion assessments. However, only the retention of sealants and the presence of white spot lesions could be evaluated for their validity according to the Prentice criteria.
CONCLUSION
Loss of retention of sealants and the presence of white spot lesions do not fulfil all of the Prentice criteria. Therefore, they cannot be considered valid surrogates for caries prevention.
Topics: Humans; Dental Caries; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dentifrices; Biomarkers; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37246464
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12861 -
American Journal of Dentistry Apr 2022To perform a scoping review on the available literature regarding the side effects of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) used in toothpastes. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To perform a scoping review on the available literature regarding the side effects of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) used in toothpastes.
METHODS
A scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA extension using PubMed. The electronic search was supplemented with a manual search for a complete overview. A customized data collection form was used to map data which was developed to register the extracted relevant data. The results of the selected articles were classified according to effects in the mouth, on the mucous membrane or elsewhere in the body and the healing effects of SLS-free toothpaste on aphthous ulcers. The outcomes from each category were reported in separate data forms and the studies with incomplete information were excluded from the assessment.
RESULTS
Possible harmful effects of SLS were reported as mucosal desquamation, irritation or inflammation of oral mucosa or the dorsal part of the tongue, ulcerations, and toxic reactions in the oral cavity.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
There is limited evidence that patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers can benefit from the use of SLS-free toothpastes in terms of decrease in the number of ulcerations, duration of the ulcerations and the intensity of the pain caused by the ulcerations. It is essential to create awareness for the side effects of SLS in toothpastes but further research is needed on its effect on oral and gastrointestinal systems when used in toothpastes.
Topics: Humans; Inflammation; Mouth Mucosa; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Toothpastes
PubMed: 35506963
DOI: No ID Found -
Community interventions and strategies for caries control in Latin American and Caribbean countries.Brazilian Oral Research 2021Dental caries remains highly prevalent in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACC). However, this disease can be controlled through interventions that implement...
Dental caries remains highly prevalent in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACC). However, this disease can be controlled through interventions that implement evidence-based strategies in an affordable manner and that target all population groups instead of the most affluent only. Therefore, the aim of this report was to summarize the main scientifically documented community interventions and strategies based on restriction of sugars consumption, use of fluoride, and the use of occlusal sealants for caries control in LACC. A critical literature review was carried out in a systematic manner that included defined search strategies, independent review of the identified publications, and compilation of results in this report. Three systematic searches were conducted using the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases to identify studies related to community interventions and strategies for caries control in LACC. Of the 37 publications identified, twenty-six focused on fluoride use, eight on occlusal sealant use, and three on the restriction of sugar consumption. Documented community interventions for sugars restriction were scarce in the region and were based on food supplementation, sugar replacement, and education. Thus, local and/or national policies should prioritize investment in upstream, coherent, and integrated population-wide policies such as taxes on sugary drinks and stronger regulation of advertising and promotion of sugary foods and drinks mainly targeting children. The main fluoride-based strategies used drinking water, refined domestic salt, cow milk, toothpaste and, to a lesser extent, mouth-rinses, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gels, and varnishes to deliver fluoride to the population. Evidence of fluoride use was seen in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Studies reporting the use of occlusal sealants were mainly located in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru, Mexico, and Venezuela. Community interventions restricting sugar consumption should be implemented at the individual level and through public policies. The use of fluoride must be monitored at the local, regional, and national levels so as to achieve maximum anti-caries effect while also minimizing the risk of dental fluorosis. Moreover, fluoridated water and salt programs, used as a mutually exclusive community level strategy for caries control, should expand their benefits to reach non-covered areas of the LACC while also simultaneously providing adequate surveillance of the fluoride concentration delivered to the population. Regulating the concentration of soluble fluoride (for anti-caries effect) in dentifrice formulations is also necessary in order to provide the population with an effective strategy for disease control. Targeting culturally appropriate, economically sustainable caries control interventions to rural populations and native ethnic groups such as indigenous people, quilombolas (African-origin), and riverside Amazonian people remains a crucial challenge.
Topics: Argentina; Brazil; Caribbean Region; Cariostatic Agents; Child; Chile; Colombia; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Guatemala; Humans; Latin America; Mexico; Nicaragua; Panama; Peru; Uruguay
PubMed: 34076078
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0054 -
The Journal of Evidence-based Dental... Sep 2020Network Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Desensitizing Toothpastes on Dentine Hypersensitivity. Hu ML, Zheng G, Lin H, Yang M, Zhang YD, Han JM. J Dent 2019;88:103170. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Network Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Desensitizing Toothpastes on Dentine Hypersensitivity. Hu ML, Zheng G, Lin H, Yang M, Zhang YD, Han JM. J Dent 2019;88:103170.
SOURCE OF FUNDING
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81771119).
TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN
Systematic review with meta-analysis of data.
Topics: China; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Dentin Sensitivity; Humans; Toothpastes
PubMed: 32921380
DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2020.101460 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Jun 2024Scientific evidence to determine the optimal method of cleaning and disinfecting removable prostheses is lacking. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Scientific evidence to determine the optimal method of cleaning and disinfecting removable prostheses is lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of effervescent tablets in the cleaning and sanitizing of removable prostheses compared with other chemical and physical methods by assessing the reduction of biofilm, microbial levels, and material stability.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic literature search and meta-analysis was conducted in August 2021 in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials published in English were included without publication year limits. A total of 23 studies were included in the systematic review and 6 in the meta-analysis, which had been registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42021274019). The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias of randomized clinical trials. The physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale was used to analyze the internal validity of clinical trials by assessing the quality of the data obtained. The studies included in the meta-analysis were combined by using a random-effects model with the inverse variance method. Publication bias was analyzed by using the Duvall and Tweedie trim-and-fill method.
RESULTS
With regard to biofilm reduction, the standardized mean difference estimated with the 4 studies combined in the meta-analysis was P=.012: mean difference=-1.92; 95% confidence interval=-3.45 to -0.38, indicating a "large" effect of the combination of brushing and effervescent tablet versus brushing alone. To estimate the reduction in the total bacteria levels in the 3 combined studies, a "large" effect size was obtained for the combination of brushing and using an effervescent tablet versus brushing alone, P<.001: mean difference=-4.43; 95% confidence interval=-8.29 to -0.55. Finally, when the 3 studies were combined to assess the reduction of Candida or fungal infection, a "moderate" effect size was obtained for the combination of brushing combined with the use of an effervescent tablet, P<.001: mean difference=-0.78; 95% confidence interval=-1.19 to -0.37.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of brushing and the use of effervescent tablets versus brushing alone had a significantly higher effect on reducing biofilm and bacterial counts and a moderate effect on reducing Candida. Regarding color and dimensional stability, few studies were found, with the results depending on the concentration of the product and the immersion time of the device.
Topics: Humans; Biofilms; Tablets; Denture, Partial, Removable; Denture Cleansers
PubMed: 36870893
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.01.031 -
Journal of Periodontal Research Jun 2021Scaling and root planning (SRP) is the gold standard for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Green tea as a supporting alternative in non-surgical periodontal treatment... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Scaling and root planning (SRP) is the gold standard for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Green tea as a supporting alternative in non-surgical periodontal treatment has been suggested as a therapeutic option in the treatment of periodontitis.
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the comparative effectiveness of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in its different forms and applications for the treatment of periodontitis.
METHODS
We included randomized clinical trials evaluating green tea as an adjuvant therapeutic agent to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of periodontitis. For the meta-analysis, we calculated standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95%CI comparing green tea and control (only SRP). We subgrouped by types of application forms of green tea. The certainty of the evidence was assessed through GRADE.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included. The follow-up time of treatments varied from 21 days to 6 months. The subgroup meta-analysis showed that the green tea as sachet reduced probing bleeding (SMD = -0.71; 95%CI) and the gingival index (SMD = -0.78; 95%CI) compared to SRP with very low certainty of evidence. The sachet (SMD = -0.29; 95%CI) and dentifrice (SMD = -1.31; 95%CI) reduced plaque index with very low certainty compared to the control. All forms of application of green tea showed very low certainty of evidence (SMD = -0.27; 95% CI) in reducing the probing depth, as well as for the loss of clinical insertion (SMD = -0.42; 95% CI) with low certainty of evidence.
CONCLUSION
There was not a difference in the effectiveness of green tea isolated or in combination with SRP to reduce probing depth. Green tea adjunct to periodontal therapy showed very low certainty of effectiveness for the treatment of periodontal disease.
Topics: Camellia sinensis; Chronic Periodontitis; Dental Scaling; Humans; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Root Planing; Tea
PubMed: 33729563
DOI: 10.1111/jre.12871 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2020To compare the effectiveness of remineralizing agents in the prevention and reversal of white spot lesions (WSLs), which occur during fixed orthodontic treatment,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To compare the effectiveness of remineralizing agents in the prevention and reversal of white spot lesions (WSLs), which occur during fixed orthodontic treatment, through a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed controlled randomized clinical trial (RCT) data querying nine databases combined with a manual search (last search date: March 10, 2020). Of 2273 identified studies, 36 RCTs were finally included. After study selection and data extraction, pair-wise and network meta-analyses were performed to analyze the effectiveness of remineralizing agents in the prevention and reversal of WSLs in the short term (≤ 3 months) and long term (> 3 months). The risk of bias was assessed based on the Cochrane guidelines. Statistical heterogeneity, inconsistencies, and cumulative ranking were also evaluated.
RESULTS
In terms of WSL prevention, sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish had the highest cumulative ranking for the short-term decalcification index (99.3%); acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) foam ranked first for long-term incidence (96.9%), followed by difluorosilane (Dfs) varnish and high-concentration fluoride toothpaste (HFT) (79.4% and 77.4%, respectively). In the reversal of WSLs, no significant difference was found among different agents or their combinations for the two available outcomes (short-term integrated fluorescence loss and short-term percentage of fluorescence loss).
CONCLUSIONS
In the prevention of WSLs, APF foam showed the best remineralizing effectiveness in the long term (after debonding), followed by Dfs varnish and HFT. It is unclear whether remineralizing agents can effectively reverse WSLs based on the existing evidence.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
APF foam may be recommended as a remineralizing agent for preventing orthodontically induced WSLs.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42019116852.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Tooth Remineralization; Toothpastes
PubMed: 33057826
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03610-z -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2023To evaluate the influence of denture cleansers on the surface roughness, Candida albicans adhesion, and biofilm formation on denture base acrylic resins. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
To evaluate the influence of denture cleansers on the surface roughness, Candida albicans adhesion, and biofilm formation on denture base acrylic resins.
STUDY SELECTION
Electronic databases and gray literature were searched using an individual search strategy. In vitro studies that evaluated the effects of immersion in denture cleansers on the surface roughness (µm) and antimicrobial activity (CFU/mL) on samples of heat-polymerized denture base acrylic resins were included.
RESULTS
After screening, 17 studies were included, and a qualitative synthesis was performed. After assessing the risk of bias, only nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that the evaluated solutions (0.5% sodium hypochlorite, 1% sodium hypochlorite, alkaline peroxide, and natural substances) did not influence the roughness of the acrylic resin. However, in the qualitative analysis, it was not possible to confirm an association between roughness and C. albicans adhesion and biofilm formation on the acrylic resin samples.
CONCLUSION
Denture cleansers did not affect the surface roughness of denture base acrylic resins.
Topics: Acrylic Resins; Candida albicans; Dental Materials; Denture Cleansers; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface Properties; Denture Bases; Biofilms
PubMed: 35811135
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_22_00077 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene May 2020The aim of this systematic review was to establish the adjuvant clinical effect of brushing with a dentifrice containing purported active ingredients as compared to a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this systematic review was to establish the adjuvant clinical effect of brushing with a dentifrice containing purported active ingredients as compared to a regular sodium fluoride dentifrice with respect to the inhibition of overnight dental plaque regrowth from studies with human participants.
METHODS
MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched, up to June 2019. The inclusion criteria were controlled clinical trials with participants aged ≥ 18 years in good general health. Studies were included that evaluated the effect of toothbrushing with a dentifrice on the inhibition of overnight dental plaque regrowth when an active ingredient was added to the dentifrice as compared to a common sodium fluoride product. Data were extracted from the eligible studies, the risk of bias was assessed, and a meta-analysis was performed where feasible.
RESULT
Independent screening of 213 unique papers resulted in 10 eligible publications that provided 14 comparisons. Stannous fluoride and triclosan dentifrices were found as the active ingredients. The descriptive analysis indicated that all, but two comparisons demonstrated an additional effect on the active-ingredient dentifrice. The meta-analysis supported and strengthened these findings. It showed that when plaque was scored digitally, a DiffM was -3.15(95% CI [-4.61:-1.69], P < .001, prediction interval [-5.07;-1.24]). When plaque was scored clinically, the difference of means (DiffM) was -0.33(95% CI [-0.49:-0.16], P < .001, prediction interval [-0.87; 0.21]).
CONCLUSION
The results of this review demonstrate moderate-quality evidence that brushing with an active-ingredient dentifrice with stannous fluoride or triclosan does provide an added clinically relevant effect concerning plaque inhibition capabilities that surpass the effect of a regular sodium fluoride dentifrice.
Topics: Adolescent; Dental Plaque; Dentifrices; Humans; Sodium Fluoride; Tin Fluorides; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes; Triclosan
PubMed: 31675470
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12423