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Primary Care Diabetes Feb 2021Self-care is a major factor in managing diabetes. This study aimed to determine the self-care status of Iranian patients with diabetes and to estimate the percentage of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Self-care is a major factor in managing diabetes. This study aimed to determine the self-care status of Iranian patients with diabetes and to estimate the percentage of self-care in these individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis 53 domestic articles published in Farsi and English were evaluated. We conducted database searches in domestic and foreign databases of Scientific Information Database (SID), MagIran, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, and Scopus with no time limit. Data analysis was performed in Stata version 12 using meta-analysis method and the random effects model.
RESULTS
A total of 50 articles (53 groups) with a sample size of 9565 were systematically reviewed. The percentage of self-care in patients with diabetes was reported to be 48.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.79-53.94). According to the results, the percentage of self-care score was higher in patients with type I diabetes (55.53) when compared with patients with type II diabetes (49.26).
CONCLUSIONS
Since patients with diabetes obtained only half of the self-care score and given the importance of self-care in controlling and treating diabetes, it is necessary to perform actions to improve self-care such as benefiting from health facilities, and social and family support.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Iran; Prevalence; Self Care
PubMed: 32921619
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.08.013 -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Dec 2023Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) characterized by dysfunction in maintaining glucose homeostasis is recognized as the most common metabolic complication associated... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) characterized by dysfunction in maintaining glucose homeostasis is recognized as the most common metabolic complication associated with pregnancy leading to adverse clinical outcomes for maternal and fetal health. Although previous analysis of the findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) support that regular physical activity reduces the incidence of GDM during pregnancy, less is known about the optimal timing of intervention with respect to trimester stage.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the interaction between both the timing and volume of supervised physical activity interventions on reducing the incidence of GDM during pregnancy.
STUDY DESIGN
Electronic databases including CINAHL, Embase, Medline and the Cochrane library were searched for records up to 29 September 2022. Eligibility criteria were RCTs including standard antenatal care + supervised physical activity intervention without dietary modification those receiving standard antenatal care alone in women with no previous diagnosis of GDM, type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
RESULTS
Of the 3411 records identified, 20 RCTs comprising 6732 participants were included. It was found that supervised physical activity interventions decreased GDM risk when started within the first trimester (RR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41-0.79; = .001) and by accumulating >600 MET·min·wk of exercise (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.98; = .03) compared with standard antenatal care alone. Women with a BMI ≤25 kg/m experienced the greatest risk reduction in GDM following supervised exercise training (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.75; = .001).
CONCLUSION
Supervised physical activity reduces the incidence of GDM during pregnancy. It is recommended that pregnant individuals achieve a minimum of 600 MET·min·wk of physical activity during the first trimester in order to reduce their odds of developing GDM. Attaining a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI is also an important determinant for the prevention of GDM with exercise.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Diabetes, Gestational; Incidence; Prenatal Care; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Exercise
PubMed: 36514828
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2155043 -
Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2021Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic illnesses among the youth. Emerging evidence has suggested poor sleep as a risk factor for glycemic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic illnesses among the youth. Emerging evidence has suggested poor sleep as a risk factor for glycemic control. This review aimed to examine the associations between sleep characteristics and diabetes management in children, adolescents, and emerging young adults with T1DM.
METHODS
Following PRISMA guidelines, the authors searched articles in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from 2000 through August 2020. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, observational studies and clinical trials that examined sleep and diabetes management among individuals with T1DM (up to 25 years old) were selected for review.
RESULTS
Twenty-four articles met the review criteria. Most studies did not report differences in self-report sleep between individuals with and without T1DM. However, several studies using objective sleep measures (actigraph and PSG) suggested shorter sleep duration and worse sleep quality in individuals with T1DM. Higher A1C levels and undesirable T1DM self-care behaviors were associated with short and long sleep duration, poor sleep quality, sleep disturbances, and irregular sleep, particularly among adolescent boys, young men and those from immigrant families. Self-care behaviors mediated the associations between sleep and subsequent A1C levels.
CONCLUSIONS
Too much or too little sleep, poor sleep quality, sleep disturbances and sleep variability are associated with undesirable T1DM management. Although more research is needed, our findings indicate the importance of including sleep education in the plan of care for children, adolescents and emerging young adults with T1DM.
Topics: Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Humans; Male; Self Care; Sleep; Sleep Quality; Young Adult
PubMed: 34182231
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.06.010 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2021Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding transcripts that have emerged as one of the largest and diverse RNA families that regulate gene expression. Accumulating...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding transcripts that have emerged as one of the largest and diverse RNA families that regulate gene expression. Accumulating evidence has suggested a number of lncRNAs are involved in diabetes mellitus (DM) pathogenesis. However, results about lncRNA expressions in DM patients are still inconclusive. Thus, we performed a systematic review of the literature on the subject followed by bioinformatics analyses to better understand which lncRNAs are dysregulated in DM and in which pathways they act. Pubmed, Embase, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories were searched to identify studies that investigated lncRNA expression in cases with DM and non-diabetic controls. LncRNAs consistently dysregulated in DM patients were submitted to bioinformatics analysis to retrieve their target genes and identify potentially affected signaling pathways under their regulation. Fifty-three eligible articles were included in this review after the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Six hundred and thirty-eight lncRNAs were differentially expressed between cases and controls in at least one study. Among them, six lncRNAs were consistently dysregulated in patients with DM (, , , , , and ) compared to controls. Moreover, these six lncRNAs participate in several metabolism-related pathways, evidencing their importance in DM. This systematic review suggests six lncRNAs are dysregulated in DM, constituting potential biomarkers of this disease.
Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Diabetes Mellitus; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; RNA, Long Noncoding
PubMed: 33815273
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.602597 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Since Asians are particularly vulnerable to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the lifecourse health implications of which are far beyond pregnancy, we...
OBJECTIVE
Since Asians are particularly vulnerable to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the lifecourse health implications of which are far beyond pregnancy, we aimed to summarize the literature to understand the research gaps on current GDM research among Asians.
METHODS
We systematically searched the articles in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus by 30 June 2021 with keywords applied on three topics, namely "GDM prevalence in Asians", "GDM and maternal health outcomes in Asians", and "GDM and offspring health outcomes in Asians".
RESULTS
We observed that Asian women (natives and immigrants) are at the highest risk of developing GDM and subsequent progression to type 2 diabetes among all populations. Children born to GDM-complicated pregnancies had a higher risk of macrosomia and congenital anomalies (i.e. heart, kidney and urinary tract) at birth and greater adiposity later in life.
CONCLUSION
This review summarized various determinants underlying the conversion between GDM and long-term health outcomes in Asian women, and it might shed light on efforts to prevent GDM and improve the lifecourse health in Asians from a public health perspective.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
Prospero, CRD42021286075.
Topics: Asian People; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Population Health; Pregnancy
PubMed: 35784581
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.840331 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2021Diabetes has become a major public health problem, with 4.6 million deaths annually. The number of people living with undiagnosed diabetes is on the rise and has a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Diabetes has become a major public health problem, with 4.6 million deaths annually. The number of people living with undiagnosed diabetes is on the rise and has a diverse prevalence. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to synthesize the pooled estimate prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose and its associated factors in Ethiopia. The databases Medline, Hinari, Google Scholar, and Google search were used to find potential studies published from January 2013 until January 2021. Extracted data were entered into the excel spreadsheet. The random effects model with Der Simonian-Laird weights was used to assess the pooled estimate of prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and its associated factors. The Cochrane Q-test and I statistics were used to screen for statistical heterogeneity. A funnel plot and Egger's statistical test were also used to search for any publication bias (small study effect). After extensive searching of articles on different databases, a total of nine studies were included for this systematic review and meta-analysis. In random effects model, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose was 5.75%, 95% CI (3.90-7.59%), and 8.94%, 95% CI (2.60-15.28%), respectively. Regarding the associated factors, participants family history of diabetes was significantly associated with diabetes status. The pooled odds of developing diabetes mellitus among participants with a family history of diabetes mellitus were about 3.56 times higher than those without a family history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.56, 95% CI (2.23, 5.68)). In this review, the higher prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose was observed among adults in Ethiopia. Family history of diabetes was found to have an association with increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Our finding highlights the need of screening at the community level, with special focus on adults with family history of diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethiopia; Family Health; Female; Health Promotion; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prediabetic State; Prevalence; Risk; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34931004
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03669-y -
PloS One 2021Meta-analyses conducted so far on the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the tuberculosis (TB) development risk did not sufficiently take confounders into... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Meta-analyses conducted so far on the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the tuberculosis (TB) development risk did not sufficiently take confounders into account in their estimates. The objective of this systematic review was to determine whether DM is associated with an increased risk of developing TB with a sensitivity analyses incorporating a wider range of confounders including age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoke exposure, and other comorbidities.
METHODS
Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus were queried from inception until October 2020. Without any restriction to time of study, geographical location, and DM and TB diagnosis approaches, all observational studies that presented data for associations between DM and TB were included. Studies with no abstract or complete text, duplicates, and studies with wrong designs (review, case report, case series, comment on an article, and editorial) or populations were excluded. The odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by a random-effect model.
RESULTS
The electronic and manual searches yielded 12,796 articles of which 47 were used in our study (23 case control, 14 cross-sectional and 10 cohort studies) involving 503,760 cases (DM or TB patients) and 3,596,845 controls. The size of the combined effect of TB risk in the presence of DM was OR = 2.3, 95% CI = [2.0-2.7], I2 = 94.2%. This statistically significant association was maintained in cohort (OR = 2.0, CI 95% = [1.5-2.4], I2 = 94.3%), case control (OR = 2.4, CI 95% = [2.0-2.9], I2 = 93.0%) and cross-sectional studies (OR = 2.5, CI 95% = [1.8-3.5], I2 = 95.2%). The association between DM and TB was also maintained in the sensitivity analysis including only studies with similar proportions of confounders between cases and controls. The substantial heterogeneity observed was mainly explained by the differences between geographic regions.
CONCLUSIONS
DM is associated with an increased risk of developing latent and active TB. To further explore the role of DM in the development of TB, more investigations of the biological mechanisms by which DM increases the risk of TB are needed.
REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO, CRD42021216815.
Topics: Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Risk Factors; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 34890419
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261246 -
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics Sep 2023Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes have high rates of associated exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). This review evaluated the current evidence on prevalence and... (Review)
Review
Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes have high rates of associated exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). This review evaluated the current evidence on prevalence and treatment of EPI in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and compared general population prevalence rates of EPI and prevalence of other common gastrointestinal conditions such as celiac disease and gastroparesis based on within-diabetes rates of common gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. Prevalence of EPI in type 1 diabetes ranges from 14% to 77.5% (median 33%), while EPI in type 2 diabetes ranges from 16.8% to 49.2% (median 29%), and where type of diabetes is not specified in studies, ranges from 5.4% to 77%. In studies with control groups of the general population, prevalence of EPI overall in those without diabetes ranged from 4.4% to 18%, median 13%, which is comparable with other estimated general population prevalence rates of EPI (10%-20%). Cumulatively, this suggests there may be significant numbers of people with diabetes with EPI who are undiagnosed. People with diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) who present with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as steatorrhea or changes in stool, bloating, and/or abdominal pain, should be screened for EPI. Both diabetes specialists and gastroenterologists and primary care providers should be aware of the high rates of prevalence of diabetes and EPI and recommend fecal elastase-1 screening for people with diabetes and GI symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Prevalence; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Gastroparesis
PubMed: 37440180
DOI: 10.1089/dia.2023.0157 -
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Jan 2021To systematically review the literature regarding the association between glucose variability (GV) and mood in adults with diabetes, appraise the used methods and make...
AIMS
To systematically review the literature regarding the association between glucose variability (GV) and mood in adults with diabetes, appraise the used methods and make suggestions for future research.
METHODS
A systematic review of literature published up to May 2019 was performed. Abstracts and full texts were screened independently in duplicate. Experimental and observational studies reporting the association between GV and mood in adults with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes were evaluated. A descriptive analysis of the extracted data was conducted, along with a quality assessment.
RESULTS
Out of the 2.316 studies screened, eight studies met our criteria. Studies used a variety of measures and metrics to determine GV and mood. Four studies used continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). An association between GV and mood was found in four studies when correlating either postprandial glucose rate of increase with current mood or multiday GV with mood measured retrospectively. The other four studies did not find any association.
CONCLUSIONS
There is no clear empirical support for a link between GV and mood in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. More rigorous research is warranted using CGM and ecological momentary assessment of mood to assess if and under what conditions an association between GV and mood exists.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33532604
DOI: 10.1002/edm2.152 -
Journal of Basic and Clinical... Jun 2021Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of insulin metabolism disorder that affects the socio-economic conditions of the community. The cost of treating diabetes in 2019 was...
OBJECTIVES
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of insulin metabolism disorder that affects the socio-economic conditions of the community. The cost of treating diabetes in 2019 was USD 760 billion and by 2045 there are predicted to be 700 million people living with diabetes. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the economic burden caused by Diabetes Mellitus for the government, health care providers, and for the community.
METHODS
This systematic review was carried out by considering the related studies about the cost of illness, evaluation of disease costs, or therapeutic costs for various types of diabetes mellitus that were published in both English and Indonesian. The search engines PUBMED, DOAJ, SCOPUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR were used without date published restrictions.
RESULTS
A systematic search identifies 18 eligible studies conducted in various regions in Indonesia. The study was retrospective with variation in their perspectives and methods to estimate the diabetes cost. Drug cost was the major contributor to direct medical cost followed by complications cost while other cost was affected by transportation cost, productivity losses, and time spent by family accompanying patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes mellitus creates a significant financial burden and affects the health care system as well as the individual and society as a whole. Research about the cost of diabetes in the future should be carried out on a large scale in order to get a more specific cost estimation.
Topics: Cost of Illness; Diabetes Mellitus; Health Care Costs; Humans; Indonesia; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34214313
DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0502