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Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Jan 2022This systematic review seeks to understand the effectiveness of systemic interventions to reduce Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or child maltreatment published between...
This systematic review seeks to understand the effectiveness of systemic interventions to reduce Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or child maltreatment published between January 2010 and December 2019. We found nine studies reviewing systemic interventions for IPV and 12 studies reviewing systemic interventions for child maltreatment. In our discussion, we added relevant articles published before 2010 to determine the overall state of the evidence for these interventions. We determined that parent training programs with in vivo coaching components for child maltreatment meet the criteria for well-established interventions. Relationship education approaches are probably efficacious. Parent education and family therapy programs to reduce child maltreatment, and cognitive behavioral couples treatment to reduce IPV are possibly efficacious interventions. Programs based on "naturalistic" couples therapy for IPV are experimental interventions. This review also highlights limitations in this research in addressing the needs of marginalized couples and families.
Topics: Child; Child Abuse; Family; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34697816
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12566 -
Infection & Chemotherapy Jun 2021Data on Dengue virus (DENV) infection prevalence, geographic distribution and risk factors are necessary to direct appropriate utilization of existing and emerging...
BACKROUND
Data on Dengue virus (DENV) infection prevalence, geographic distribution and risk factors are necessary to direct appropriate utilization of existing and emerging control strategies. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence, risk factors of DENV infection and the circulating serotypes within Nigeria from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2020.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one studies out of 2,215 available articles were eligible and included for this systematic review. Relevant articles were searched, screened and included in this study according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. The risk of bias in primary studies was assessed by Cochrane's method. Heterogeneity of pooled prevalence was calculated using the chi-square test on Cochrane's Q statistic, which was quantified by I-square values. The random-effects analyses of proportions were used to determine the pooled prevalence of DENV antibodies, antigen and RNA from eligible studies.
RESULTS
Of these, 3 studies reported co-circulation of all the 4 serotypes, while 2 separately reported co-circulation of DENV-1 &2 and DENV-1 to -3. All the antibody-based studies had significantly high heterogeneity (I² >90%, <0.05), while the NS1 and PCR-based studies had low heterogeneity (I² <25%, >0.05). The pooled prevalence of DENV IgM, IgG, RNA, NS1 and neutralizing antibodies were 16.8%, 34.7%, 7.7%, 7.7% and 0.7%, respectively. South-east Nigeria had the highest pooled DENV-IgG seropositivity, 77.1%. Marital status, gender, educational level and occupation status, the proximity of residence to refuse dumpsite, frequent use of trousers and long sleeve shirts were significantly associated with DENV IgG seropositivity ( <0.05).
CONCLUSION
Based on these findings, it can be inferred that Nigeria is hyperendemic for Dengue fever and needs concerted efforts to control its spread within and outside the country.
PubMed: 34216122
DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.0142 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Sep 2019Advanced cancer patients' end-of-life care preferences in oncology units, medical-surgical units, nursing homes and palliative care services have been established.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Advanced cancer patients' end-of-life care preferences in oncology units, medical-surgical units, nursing homes and palliative care services have been established. However, less is known about end-of-life care preferences of patients with advanced cancer in intensive care units and their families.
AIM
To explore end-of-life care preferences of patients with advanced cancer and their families in intensive care units and if these align with essential elements for end-of-life care.
DESIGN
Electronic databases were searched up to February 2018. Reference lists of retrieved articles were screened for potential studies.
RESULTS
A total of 112 full text articles were retrieved. Of these, 12 articles reporting outcomes from 10 studies were eligible for inclusion. The majority were retrospective chart reviews (n = 7) and conducted in developed countries (n = 9). Care preferences change over time with deteriorating physical condition. Ongoing patient-centred communication and shared decision-making are critical as is teamwork and involvement of a palliative care team. Marital status, gender and ethnicity appear to influence care preferences. Of those studies examining patient preferences and/or the receiving of their preferences, these could be aligned with approximately half of the Australian essential elements for end-of-life care.
CONCLUSIONS
Providing end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer in intensive care units is challenging. No studies have investigated prospectively the end-of-life care preferences of patients and their families in this acute setting. Further research is required to determine the elements of care preferences for patients with advanced cancer and their families in intensive care units in developing countries.
Topics: Australia; Communication; Decision Making; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Neoplasms; Patient Preference; Retrospective Studies; Terminal Care
PubMed: 31102056
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04844-8 -
Primary Care Diabetes Jun 2023The purpose of study was to identify the socio-personal factors affecting adherence to the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of study was to identify the socio-personal factors affecting adherence to the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
Cross-sectional articles were extracted from databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier. A meta-analysis was performed using integrated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) for age, BMI, depression, educational level, gender, employment status, marital status, smoking status. STATA 12.0 was used to estimate pooled RR in definite subgroups. The quality of the studies included was evaluated using the STROBE checklist.
RESULTS
Thirty-one studies out of 7407 extracted articles were finally selected for the meta-analysis. The results showed that younger people had a 17% higher risk than older people, smokers had a 22% higher risk than non-smokers, and the employed had a 15% higher risk of non-adherence to treatment.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, older age, smoking and employment can lead to non-adherence to T2D treatment. Interventions are suggested to be made besides common health care considering the socio-personal features on type 2 diabetes patients' treatment adherence.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Cross-Sectional Studies; Smoking
PubMed: 37012162
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.03.005 -
International Journal For Equity in... Feb 2024Significant race and sex disparities exist in the prevalence, diagnosis, and outcomes of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, clinical trials evaluating treatments...
BACKGROUND
Significant race and sex disparities exist in the prevalence, diagnosis, and outcomes of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, clinical trials evaluating treatments for PAD often lack representative patient populations. This systematic review aims to summarize the demographic representation and enrollment strategies in clinical trials of lower-extremity endovascular interventions for PAD.
METHODS
Following the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched multiple sources (Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov, WHO clinical trial registry) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), RCT protocols, and peer-reviewed journal publications of RCTs conducted between January 2012 and December 2022. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize trial characteristics, publication or study protocol characteristics, and the reporting of demographic characteristics. Meta-regression was used to explore associations between demographic characteristics and certain trial characteristics.
RESULTS
A total of 2,374 records were identified. Of these, 59 met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 35 trials, 14 publications, and 10 protocols. Information regarding demographic representation was frequently missing. While all 14 trial publications reported age and sex, only 4 reported race/ethnicity, and none reported socioeconomic or marital status. Additionally, only 4 publications reported clinical outcomes by demographic characteristics. Meta-regression analysis revealed that 6% more women were enrolled in non-European trials (36%) than in European trials (30%).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this review highlight potential issues that may compromise the reliability and external validity of study findings in lower-extremity PAD RCTs when applied to the real-world population. Addressing these issues is crucial to enhance the generalizability and impact of clinical trial results in the field of PAD, ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes for patients in underrepresented populations.
REGISTRATION
The systematic review methodology was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42022378304).
Topics: Female; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Peripheral Arterial Disease
PubMed: 38350973
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02104-8 -
The International Journal on Drug Policy May 2024Daily supervised Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) medication has been identified as a barrier to treatment retention. Canadian OAT guidelines outline take-home dose (THD)... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Daily supervised Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) medication has been identified as a barrier to treatment retention. Canadian OAT guidelines outline take-home dose (THD) criteria, yet, OAT prescribers use their clinical judgement to decide whether an individual is 'clinically stable' to receive THD. There is limited information regarding whether these decisions may result in inequitable access to THD, including in the context of updated COVID-19 guidance. The current Canadian OAT THD guideline synthesis and systematic review aimed to address this knowledge gap.
METHODS
This systematic review included a two-pronged approach. First, we searched available academic literature in Embase, Medline, and PsychINFO up until October 12th, 2022, to identify studies that compared characteristics of individuals on OAT who had and had not been granted access to THD to explore potential inequities in access. Next, we identified all Canadian national and provincial OAT guidelines through a semi-structured grey literature search (conducted between September-October 2022) and extracted all THD 'stability' and allowances/timeline criteria to compare against characteristics identified in the literature search. Data from both review arms were synthesized and narratively presented.
RESULTS
A total of n = 56 guidelines and n = 7 academic studies were included. The systematic review identified a number of patient characteristics such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, housing, employment, neighborhood income, drug use, mental health, health service utilization, as well as treatment duration that were associated with differential access to THD. The Canadian OAT THD guideline synthesis identified many of these same characteristics as 'stability' criteria, underscoring the potential for Canadian OAT guidelines to result in inequitable access to THD.
CONCLUSIONS
This two-pronged literature review demonstrated that current guidelines likely contribute to inequitable OAT THD access due primarily to inconsistent 'stability' criteria across guidelines. More research is needed to understand differential OAT THD access with a focus on prescriber decision-making and evaluating associated treatment and safety outcomes. The development of a client-centered, equity-focused, and evidence-informed decision making framework that incorporates more clear definitions of 'stability' criteria and indications for prescriber discretion is warranted.
Topics: Humans; Canada; Opiate Substitution Treatment; Opioid-Related Disorders; Health Services Accessibility; Analgesics, Opioid; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Healthcare Disparities
PubMed: 38554565
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104343 -
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Apr 2020This study systematically reviewed extant couple therapy outcome studies (k = 111) through December 2018 to evaluate for implicit or explicit, inclusion or exclusion...
What Does "Couple" Mean in Couple Therapy Outcome Research? A Systematic Review of the Implicit and Explicit, Inclusion and Exclusion of Gender and Sexual Minority Individuals and Identities.
This study systematically reviewed extant couple therapy outcome studies (k = 111) through December 2018 to evaluate for implicit or explicit, inclusion or exclusion of gender and/or sexual minority individuals and identities. We evaluated sampling, participant demographic reporting, and language used in each manuscript for any reference or consideration given to participants' sexual and/or gender identity. Results indicate that couples have been historically presumed to be heterosexual and cisgender male or female without reported assessment. More recent inclusion and consideration of sexual minority individuals is limited and absent for nonmonosexual and gender minority individuals. These findings are contextualized in supplementary analyses of other sociocultural characteristics (e.g., race, age, length together). Suggestions are provided for affirmative consideration of the plurality of individuals' sexual and gender identities. Implications are discussed for research, training and practice of couple therapy with sexual and/or gender minority couples.
Topics: Couples Therapy; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 31837168
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12415 -
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Jan 2022Suicide ideation and behavior are pervasive public health issues. Given that positive interpersonal relationships can be a protective factor against suicide risk, we... (Review)
Review
Suicide ideation and behavior are pervasive public health issues. Given that positive interpersonal relationships can be a protective factor against suicide risk, we conducted a systematic review to examine peer-reviewed publications from 2010 to 2019 that included empirical data, tested an intervention with at least some family component, and included a suicide-related outcome measure. We reviewed and synthesized findings from 22 articles covering 7 intervention categories with 12 interventions to examine the treatment components and the quality of evidence to support them. Using Southam-Gerow and Prinstein's (Child Adolesc Psychol 43:16, 2014) guidelines, we identified two well-established intervention categories that met the highest standards for interventions and three probably efficacious intervention categories. All interventions found focused solely on suicide risk in adolescent populations. More studies are needed for adult populations and to explore the role of family moderators and mediators to test whether suicide outcomes are reduced by improvement in the family environment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Humans; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 34710242
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12568 -
The Clinical Journal of Pain Feb 2021The benefits of family-based interventions for patients with musculoskeletal pain have been previously shown in individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but no... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
The benefits of family-based interventions for patients with musculoskeletal pain have been previously shown in individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but no systematic review has summarized their effects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of family-based interventions on clinical and biopsychosocial outcomes in people with musculoskeletal pain (PROSPERO CRD42018118442). Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of pain intensity, disability, mood, self-efficacy, and marital adjustment.
RESULTS
Of 1223 records identified, 18 reports representing 15 RCTs were included in the qualitative review and 10 in the meta-analyses. Family-based interventions were more effective to reduce pain (mean difference [MD], -3.55/100; 95% confidence intreval [CI], -4.03 to -3.06) and disability (MD, -1.51/100; 95% CI, -1.98 to -1.05) than individual-focused interventions at short-term, but not at mid term or long term. There were no effects on other outcomes. Family-based interventions were more effective to reduce pain (MD, -6.05/100; 95% CI, -6.78 to -5.33) compared with usual care only at short-term. No effects were found on disability and other outcomes.
DISCUSSION
There is moderate-quality evidence that family-based interventions result in small, significantly better pain and disability outcomes in the short-term compared with individual-focused interventions in patients with musculoskeletal pain. Based on low-quality evidence, family-based interventions result in small improvements on pain in the short-term compared with usual care. Future studies should review the content and optimize the mechanisms underpinning family-based interventions in musculoskeletal pain so that the approach could be further tested in adequately powered RCTs.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain
PubMed: 33177371
DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000897 -
Journal of Clinical Psychology Oct 2019Treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a commonly sought mental health service among military service members and veterans (SM/Vs). Such treatment is...
OBJECTIVE
Treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a commonly sought mental health service among military service members and veterans (SM/Vs). Such treatment is typically individually-based, despite many SM/Vs reporting a desire for greater partner involvement in treatment. This review examined couple-based treatments for PTSD among SM/Vs and their romantic partners.
METHOD
A database search conducted in July, 2018 yielded 167 studies, of which 16 (10%) met inclusion criteria. Brief intervention summaries, effect sizes, and distress change scores (where applicable) are reported.
RESULTS
The 16 studies tested 7 interventions, which showed a reduction in self-rated and clinician-rated PTSD symptoms with large effect sizes observed in most studies. Relationship outcomes also improved for SM/Vs and their partners, with effect sizes ranging from small-to-medium for SM/Vs and small-to-large for partners.
CONCLUSIONS
Couple-based interventions show success in reducing PTSD symptoms and improving relationship outcomes, offering several alternatives to individual-based interventions among partnered SM/Vs.
Topics: Couples Therapy; Humans; Military Personnel; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Veterans
PubMed: 31339563
DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22822