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BMC Oral Health Jan 2024Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are manifested by soreness in the jaw joint area and jaw muscles, clicks or creaks when opening or closing the mouth. All these... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are manifested by soreness in the jaw joint area and jaw muscles, clicks or creaks when opening or closing the mouth. All these symptoms can be disabling and occur during chewing and when the patient yawns or speaks. Several classes of drugs are used to treat symptoms. This review aims to assess which drug suits the different signs.
METHODS
Pubmed, Web of Science and Lilacs were systematically searched until 01/02/2023. Clinical trials were selected that dealt with drugs used in temporomandibular dysfunction RESULTS: Out of 830 papers, eight studies were included. The Meta-Analysis with Continuous Outcomes with Pre-Calculated Effect Sizes resulted in the rejection that there is intergroup variability (p.0.74).
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of orofacial pain is still a significant challenge for dentistry. We can conclude that there is no drug of first choice in the treatment of temporomandibular pain. However, the clinician must distinguish the type of pain and the aetioloic cause of the pain so that the patient can be treated and managed pharmacologically.
Topics: Humans; Facial Pain; Mastication; Temporomandibular Joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
PubMed: 38218874
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03524-8 -
Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology Jun 2023To evaluate the QoL before and after prosthetic rehabilitation of partial mandibulectomy patients based on the type of surgery, effects of radiation, the type of... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
To evaluate the QoL before and after prosthetic rehabilitation of partial mandibulectomy patients based on the type of surgery, effects of radiation, the type of prosthesis, and to enlist their outcome on the rehabilitation. Literature search as per PICO format was carried out within a time range from January 2000 to June 2021. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and registered with the PROSPERO(CRD42021258472). The focus question was established as per the PICO format (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). The population involved partial mandibulectomy individuals with prosthetic rehabilitation as an intervention. The outcome, quality of life (QoL), was compared with the pre and post partial mandibulectomy patients rehabilitated with a prosthesis. The search yielded 367 articles and based on the search criteria only 7 articles were suitable for qualitative analysis. Marginal resection of the mandible is less aggressive than segmental resection which provided function, phonation, and esthetics at acceptable levels but the food mixing ability was reduced when resection is accompanied by glossectomy. However, the perceived chewing ability and OHRQoL were not accountable to the extent of surgical excision. An overall increase in the QoL on rehabilitation with acrylic prosthesis depicting satisfactory functionality with a considerable improvement in mastication, speech, and social life. QoL and Denture Satisfaction Index did not differ based on the number of implants in an implant overdenture prosthesis, but the chewing ability was improved. An increase in the number of remaining occlusal units improved the overall QoL. Restoration of the function, psychological comfort, and improvement in esthetics was significant in patients who underwent prosthetic rehabilitation. The QoL between conventional and implant prostheses was observed to be more similar, and the effect of remaining hard and soft tissue structures has a major influence on patient comfort signifying the influence of the extent of surgical excision.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-022-01664-x.
PubMed: 37324294
DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01664-x -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021Dental surgery implantation has become increasingly important among procedures that aim to rehabilitate edentulous patients to restore esthetics and the mastication... (Review)
Review
Dental surgery implantation has become increasingly important among procedures that aim to rehabilitate edentulous patients to restore esthetics and the mastication ability. The optimal stability of dental implants is correlated primarily to the quality and quantity of bone. This systematic literature review describes clinical research focusing on the correlation between cortical bone thickness and primary/secondary stability of dental fixtures. To predict successful outcome of prosthetic treatment, quantification of bone density at the osteotomy site is, in general, taken into account, with little attention being paid to assessment of the thickness of cortical bone. Nevertheless, local variations in bone structure (including cortical thickness) could explain differences in clinical practice with regard to implantation success, marginal bone resorption or anchorage loss. Current knowledge is preliminarily detailed, while tentatively identifying which inconclusive or unexplored aspects merit further investigation.
PubMed: 34885335
DOI: 10.3390/ma14237183 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Oct 2022There are conflicting opinions regarding the efficacy of chewing gum for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients following spinal surgery. Thus, we aimed... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
There are conflicting opinions regarding the efficacy of chewing gum for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients following spinal surgery. Thus, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing articles to evaluate the effect of gum-chewing on patients following spinal surgery.
METHODS
A computer search was used to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving gum-chewing from eight databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and WanFang Data. After evaluating the risk of bias for the included studies, we used the Revman 5.3 software to conduct a meta-analysis of the data.
RESULTS
The study included seven RCTs, with a total of 706 patients. The meta-analysis reported that gum-chewing could shorten the interval between surgery and first bowel movement (mean deviation [MD] = - 23.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 24.67, - 21.38; P < 0.00001), first flatus (MD = - 1.54; 95% CI - 2.48, - 0.60; P = 0.001), and first bowel sounds (MD = - 5.08; 95% CI - 6.02, - 4.15; P < 0.00001). Moreover, there was a significant reduction in postoperative analgesic dosage within 12 h (standardised mean difference [SMD] = - 0.28; 95% CI - 0.52, - 0.05; P = 0.02). However, there were no significant differences between the chewing gum and control groups (P > 0.05) regarding the postoperative nausea score, abdominal pain score, 24- and 48-h analgesic drug dosage, and length of hospital stay.
CONCLUSION
To a certain extent, masticating gum can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce the need for postoperative analgesics in patients following spinal surgery. However, this conclusion is affected by the quantity and quality of the included articles. Therefore, additional high-quality studies are needed to verify these results.
Topics: Abdomen; Chewing Gum; Humans; Length of Stay; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Period
PubMed: 35852608
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07304-w -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Sep 2023This review evaluated the effects of rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses on the oral function of completely edentulous adults. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
This review evaluated the effects of rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses on the oral function of completely edentulous adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Systematic literature searches were performed to identify records reporting on oral function in completely edentulous adults rehabilitated with implant-supported prostheses. Meta-analyses were performed on various outcomes including bite force, masticatory performance, muscle activity, mandibular movement/chewing pattern, and salivary flow.
RESULTS
5507 records were identified. Thirty studies qualified for data extraction and analysis. The kappa (𝛋) for the search and identification strategy ranged between 0.50 and 1.00. Meta-analysis was performed grouping the studies by outcomes and split by time points of 6-12 months, 12-36 months, and >36 months after implant therapy. The meta-analyses revealed a significant improvement in oral function of completely edentulous adults after rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses at 6-12 months (Z = -4.895, p < .001; 95% CI: -0.703, -0.301; τ = .609; Q = 114.953, df = 17, p < .001; I = 85.2%), at 12-36 months (Z = -4.886, p < .001; 95% CI: -0.580, -0.248; τ = .908; Q = 280.611, df = 35, p < .001; I = 87.5%) and at more than 36 months (Z = -9.108, p < .001; 95% CI: -1.472, -0.951; τ = .019; Q = 7.918, df = 7, p = .340; I = 11.6%). The included studies demonstrated a low to moderate risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review concluded that the oral function of completely edentate adults significantly improved with implant-supported/retained prostheses, even when only one jaw received implant therapy. Therefore, implant therapy should be promoted for edentulous adults to alleviate the shortcomings of conventional complete removable dental prostheses.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Dental Implants; Bite Force; Mandible; Mastication; Mouth, Edentulous
PubMed: 37750517
DOI: 10.1111/clr.14068 -
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Apr 2022An assessment was performed to identify and evaluate dental enamel wear caused by monolithic zirconia restoration. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Science... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
An assessment was performed to identify and evaluate dental enamel wear caused by monolithic zirconia restoration. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Evidence, and the Cochrane Library up to May 2020.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Studies were selected for systematic review according to the inclusion (articles conducted on the wear of enamel samples opposing monolithic zirconia) and exclusion (case reports, non-English articles, and monolithic zirconia samples facing other materials rather than human enamel) criteria. Of those, articles on polished and glazed monolithic zirconia subjected to a 50 N vertical load with a range of 240,000-250,000 cycles, equivalent to 1 year of in vivo mastication, were included in the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
In total, 3968 articles were pooled. Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the enamel wear against monolithic zirconia was within the statistically accepted level. Moreover, the polished monolithic zirconia surface caused less enamel wear than the glazed surface.
CONCLUSION
This review indicates that monolithic zirconia restorations cause acceptable antagonist enamel wear. Moreover, the meta-analysis results agreed that the final restoration's surface texture plays an essential role in the wear process.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Monolithic zirconia restorations have been widely used in dental practice because they eliminate the chipping problems resulting from using veneered restorations. With recent technology development, monolithic zirconia has obtained more esthetic features and a more natural look. However, due to the high strength and surface roughness of monolithic zirconia, wear on the antagonist's teeth was detected. The results showed that this wear amount was statistically acceptable and lower than other ceramics such as feldspathic porcelain and enamel. Furthermore, surface treatment methods must be applied to minimize tooth wear, as polished or glazed surfaces interfere with enamel loss.
Topics: Dental Enamel; Dental Porcelain; Humans; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Tooth Wear; Zirconium
PubMed: 34623015
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12823 -
Journal of Dentistry Aug 2022To give an overview of the current evidence on the associations of general health conditions with masticatory performance and maximum bite force in older adults. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To give an overview of the current evidence on the associations of general health conditions with masticatory performance and maximum bite force in older adults.
DATA/SOURCES
Three electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Embase via Ovid and CINAHL Plus via EBSCOhost) were searched up to September 2021 for cross-sectional studies on general health conditions and masticatory performance or maximum bite force in older adults. Methodological quality of the included studies was independently evaluated based on Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Data on the associations between general health conditions and masticatory performance or maximum bite force were extracted.
STUDY SELECTION
Of the 5133 records identified, 39 studies (43 articles) were included in this review. Significant negative associations were found between masticatory performance and stroke, sarcopenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dyspepsia, dysphagia, anorexia, and carotid atherosclerosis. Significant negative association was found between maximum bite force and sarcopenia. There were equivocal results on the association between masticatory performance and diabetes mellitus, and between maximum bite force and stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. There was no significant association between masticatory performance and metabolic syndrome, and between maximum bite force and progress of Parkinson's disease. Most studies revealed positive associations of physical function with masticatory performance and maximum bite force.
CONCLUSIONS
Negative associations between masticatory function of older adults and presence of several systemic diseases have been reported in a number of studies while there are positive associations between masticatory function and some physical function indicators.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study provides valuable information on the association of masticatory function with general health, which draws clinicians' attention to the masticatory function of older adults who suffer from certain systemic diseases or physical dysfunction, and to the need to improve their masticatory ability to achieve healthy aging.
Topics: Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Bite Force; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Mastication; Sarcopenia; Stroke
PubMed: 35691453
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104186 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022Functional Chewing Training (FuCT) was designed as a holistic approach to improve chewing function by providing postural alignment, sensory and motor training, and food... (Review)
Review
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Functional Chewing Training Compared with Standard Treatment in a Population of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
BACKGROUND
Functional Chewing Training (FuCT) was designed as a holistic approach to improve chewing function by providing postural alignment, sensory and motor training, and food and environmental adjustments. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of FuCT in improving chewing function and the severity of tongue thrust and drooling in children with cerebral palsy as compared with standard treatment.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The search was performed between October 2021 and January 2022 using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 56 articles. After reading the studies in full, 3 articles were chosen based on the inclusion criteria. Included participants were people with PCI; the studies reported a sample size ranging from 40-80 individuals, one study was on a pediatric population, while the others on adults. The selected studies were then evaluated using Jadad and PEDro scales.
CONCLUSION
Our study confirmed the value of FuCT in improving chewing function and the severity of tongue thrust and drooling. Our results may be useful in optimizing appropriate therapeutic management.
PubMed: 36553319
DOI: 10.3390/children9121876 -
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and... Dec 2019This article presents a review of current data on the applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), to guide future... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This article presents a review of current data on the applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), to guide future research. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been reported to be effective for various postoperative conditions, including pain relief, improvement of mastication, neurosensory recovery, and wound healing. There is a need for identifying the therapeutic irradiation windows for these conditions, based upon the available literature. All original articles related to PBM for oral surgery in MEDLINE (NCBI PubMed and PMC), EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were reviewed until December 2018. Forty-six clinical trials were included in this study. These trials were categorized into three different types of PBM applications. After reviewing all these studies, the most effective physical properties for PBM pain reduction after tooth extraction were as follows: wavelength 650-980 nm; power 4-300 mW; and energy density 3-85.7 J/cm. PBMT at 660-910 nm with 4-500 mW power and 2-480 J/cm energy density was effective for decreasing facial swelling. At the same wavelength and power range with 4-106 J/cm energy density, PBM was effective for alleviating trismus after tooth extraction. Most papers suggested that PBM seemed to be effective in reducing pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar tooth extraction, neurosensory and nerve recovery after mandibular ramus osteotomy. The heterogeneity of the standardization regarding the parameters of laser calls for caution in interpretation of these results. However, this evidence-based review regarding the best protocols for OMFS applications can be beneficial for both future research and clinical applications.
Topics: Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Surgery, Oral
PubMed: 31750798
DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4712 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Nov 2023The study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that chewing is a mechanical and physiological contributor to swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the...
The study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that chewing is a mechanical and physiological contributor to swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and nutrition-related factors. A search strategy was applied to three different databases to investigate if chewing function in adults affects the swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the GIT, and nutrition-related factors compared to controls with no exposure. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality and risk of bias and certainty of evidence. The results showed 71 eligible studies. Overall, the results showed that 46 studies supported the hypothesis while 25 refuted it. However, the GRADE analysis showed low to very low certainty of the evidence to support the hypothesis that chewing is an important contributor in the swallowing process, and physiologic/pathologic processes in the GIT. The GRADE analysis also showed a moderate to very low certainty of the evidence to suggest that chewing function contributes to nutrition-related parameters. The overall results of the current study showed that a majority (64.7%) of the studies (46 out of 71) supported the hypothesis. However, robust studies with proper design, adequate sample size, and well-defined outcome parameters are needed to establish conclusive evidence.
Topics: Deglutition; Mastication; Gastrointestinal Tract; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 35837677
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098245