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Metabolites Apr 2022We recently found that dual decline in memory and gait speed was consistently associated with an increased risk of dementia compared to decline in memory or gait only or... (Review)
Review
We recently found that dual decline in memory and gait speed was consistently associated with an increased risk of dementia compared to decline in memory or gait only or no decline across six aging cohorts. The mechanisms underlying this relationship are unknown. We hypothesize that individuals who experience dual decline may have specific pathophysiological pathways to dementia which can be indicated by specific metabolomic signatures. Here, we summarize blood-based metabolites that are associated with memory and gait from existing literature and discuss their relevant pathways. A total of 39 eligible studies were included in this systematic review. Metabolites that were associated with memory and gait belonged to five shared classes: sphingolipids, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, amino acids, and biogenic amines. The sphingolipid metabolism pathway was found to be enriched in both memory and gait impairments. Existing data may suggest that metabolites from sphingolipids and the sphingolipid metabolism pathway are important for both memory and gait impairments. Future studies using empirical data across multiple cohorts are warranted to identify metabolomic signatures of dual decline in memory and gait and to further understand its relationship with future dementia risk.
PubMed: 35448544
DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040356 -
Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic... Jun 2022Metabolomics emerged as an important tool to gain insights on how the body responds to therapeutic interventions. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for... (Review)
Review
Metabolomics emerged as an important tool to gain insights on how the body responds to therapeutic interventions. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity and obesity-related co-morbidities. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of the available data on metabolomics profiles that characterize patients submitted to different bariatric surgery procedures, which could be useful to predict clinical outcomes including weight loss and type 2 diabetes remission. For that, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA guidelines were followed. Data from forty-seven original study reports addressing metabolomics profiles induced by bariatric surgery that met eligibility criteria were compiled and summarized. Amino acids, lipids, energy-related and gut microbiota-related were the metabolite classes most influenced by bariatric surgery. Among these, higher pre-operative levels of specific lipids including phospholipids, long-chain fatty acids and bile acids were associated with post-operative T2D remission. As conclusion, metabolite profiling could become a useful tool to predict long term response to different bariatric surgery procedures, allowing more personalized interventions and improved healthcare resources allocation.
Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Lipids; Metabolomics; Obesity, Morbid
PubMed: 34855133
DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09695-5 -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Jan 2023Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) can be used to investigate neurometabolic responses to external stimuli in-vivo, but findings are inconsistent. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) can be used to investigate neurometabolic responses to external stimuli in-vivo, but findings are inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on fMRS studies of the primary neurotransmitters Glutamate (Glu), Glx (Glutamate + Glutamine), and GABA. Data were extracted, grouped by metabolite, stimulus domain, and brain region, and analysed by determining standardized effect sizes. The quality of individual studies was rated. When results were analysed by metabolite type small to moderate effect sizes of 0.29-0.47 (p < 0.05) were observed for changes in Glu and Glx regardless of stimulus domain and brain region, but no significant effects were observed for GABA. Further analysis suggests that Glu, Glx and GABA responses differ by stimulus domain or task and vary depending on the time course of stimulation and data acquisition. Here, we establish effect sizes and directionality of GABA, Glu and Glx response in fMRS. This work highlights the importance of standardised reporting and minimal best practice for fMRS research.
Topics: Humans; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
PubMed: 36332780
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104940 -
European Journal of Medical Research Dec 2023Cervical cancer threatens women's health seriously. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer is on the rise, and the age of onset tends to be younger.... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Cervical cancer threatens women's health seriously. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer is on the rise, and the age of onset tends to be younger. Prevention, early diagnosis and specific treatment have become the main means to change the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Metabolomics research can directly reflect the changes of biochemical processes and microenvironment in the body, which can provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes of metabolites in the process of disease occurrence and development, and provide new ways for the prevention and diagnosis of diseases.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to review the metabolic changes in cervical cancer and the application of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2022.
RESULTS
With the emergence of metabolomics, metabolic regulation and cancer research are further becoming a focus of attention. By directly reflecting the changes in the microenvironment of the body, metabolomics research can provide a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of metabolites in the occurrence and development of diseases, thus providing new ideas for disease prevention and diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
With the continuous, in-depth research on metabolomics research technology, it will bring more benefits in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer with its advantages of holistic and dynamic nature.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Metabolomics; Prognosis; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38093395
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01490-z -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Mar 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczema and intense pruritus, is a major skin-related burden worldwide. The... (Review)
Review
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczema and intense pruritus, is a major skin-related burden worldwide. The diagnosis and treatment of AD is often challenging due to the high heterogeneity of AD, and its exact etiology is unknown. Metabolomics offers the opportunity to follow continuous physiological and pathological changes in individuals, which allows accurate diagnosis and management as well as providing deep insights into the etiopathogenesis of AD. Several metabolomic studies of AD have been published over the past few years. The aim of this review is to summarize these findings and help researchers to understand the rapid development of metabolomics for AD. A comprehensive and systematic search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. Twenty-six papers were finally included in the review after quality assessment. Significant differences in metabolite profiles were found between patients with AD and healthy individuals. This study provides a comprehensive overview of metabolomic research in AD. A better understanding of the metabolomics of AD may offer novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Pruritus; Skin; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 36855837
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14960 -
Cells Aug 2023There is an increasing interest in biomarkers of nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress to guide management and identify new therapeutic targets in patients... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
There is an increasing interest in biomarkers of nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress to guide management and identify new therapeutic targets in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between circulating metabolites within the arginine (arginine, citrulline, ornithine, asymmetric, ADMA, and symmetric, SDMA dimethylarginine), transsulfuration (methionine, homocysteine, and cysteine) and folic acid (folic acid, vitamin B, and vitamin B) metabolic pathways and COPD. We searched electronic databases from inception to 30 June 2023 and assessed the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence. In 21 eligible studies, compared to healthy controls, patients with stable COPD had significantly lower methionine (standardized mean difference, SMD = -0.50, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.05, = 0.029) and folic acid (SMD = -0.37, 95% CI -0.65 to -0.09, = 0.009), and higher homocysteine (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.07, < 0.001) and cysteine concentrations (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.66, = 0.038). Additionally, COPD was associated with significantly higher ADMA (SMD = 1.27, 95% CI 0.08 to 2.46, = 0.037), SDMA (SMD = 3.94, 95% CI 0.79 to 7.08, = 0.014), and ornithine concentrations (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI 0.13 to 1.22, = 0.015). In subgroup analysis, the SMD of homocysteine was significantly associated with the biological matrix assessed and the forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity ratio, but not with age, study location, or analytical method used. Our study suggests that the presence of significant alterations in metabolites within the arginine, transsulfuration, and folic acid pathways can be useful for assessing nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress and identifying novel treatment targets in COPD. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023448036.).
Topics: Humans; Cysteine; Nitric Oxide; Metabolomics; Arginine; Methionine; Racemethionine; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Vitamins
PubMed: 37681911
DOI: 10.3390/cells12172180 -
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic... Jun 2022Due to growing concerns about the obesity pandemic as a worldwide phenomenon, a global effort has been made for managing it and associated disorders. Accordingly,... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Due to growing concerns about the obesity pandemic as a worldwide phenomenon, a global effort has been made for managing it and associated disorders. Accordingly, metabolomics as a promising field of "OMICS" is presented for investigating different molecular pathways in obesity and related disorders through the evaluation of specific metabolites in both animal and human subjects. Herein, the aim of the present study as the first systematic review is to evaluate all available studies about different mechanisms and their biomarkers discovery using metabolomics approaches.
METHOD
The study was designed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Using a comprehensive search strategy we searched in databases including; Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus using specific keywords. Based on predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria study selection has been conducted considering the type of studies, participant, and outcome measures. Quality assessment was done using CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) checklist followed by data extraction according to a predefined data extraction sheet.
RESULTS
Among the articles that resulted from electronic search, a total of 74 articles met our inclusion criteria. The most prevalent studied metabolites were amino acids and lipid derivatives and both targeted and non-targeted approaches were applied for metabolomics studies.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review summarized a wide range of studies regardless of the age, history, language, and type of the study. Further studies are needed to compare the application of emerging methods in the treatment of obesity and related disorders.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00917-w.
PubMed: 35673462
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00917-w -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2024Depression is a major cause of suicide and mortality worldwide. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to identify metabolic biomarkers and pathways for major... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Depression is a major cause of suicide and mortality worldwide. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to identify metabolic biomarkers and pathways for major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent subtype of clinical depression.
METHODS
We searched for metabolomics studies on depression published between January 2000 and January 2023 in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. The reported metabolic biomarkers were systematically evaluated and compared. Pathway analysis was implemented using MetaboAnalyst 5.0.
RESULTS
We included 26 clinical studies on MDD and 78 metabolomics studies on depressive-like animal models. A total of 55 and 77 high-frequency metabolites were reported consistently in two-thirds of clinical and murine studies, respectively. In the comparison between murine and clinical studies, we identified 9 consistently changed metabolites (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, fumarate, valine, deoxycholic acid, pyruvate, kynurenic acid) in the blood, 1 consistently altered metabolite (indoxyl sulfate) in the urine and 14 disturbed metabolic pathways in both types of studies. These metabolic dysregulations and pathways are mainly implicated in enhanced inflammation, impaired neuroprotection, reduced energy metabolism, increased oxidative stress damage and disturbed apoptosis, laying solid molecular foundations for MDD.
LIMITATIONS
Due to unavailability of original data like effect-size results in many metabolomics studies, a meta-analysis cannot be conducted, and confounding factors cannot be fully ruled out.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review delineated metabolic biomarkers and pathways related to depression in the murine and clinical samples, providing opportunities for early diagnosis of MDD and the development of novel diagnostic targets.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Depressive Disorder, Major; Animal Experimentation; Depression; Biomarkers; Metabolomics
PubMed: 38211744
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.053 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Apr 2022The plants Rutaceae family are known to have contributed a lot toward food and medicine. The most important metabolites of the family are flavonoids. A systematic review... (Review)
Review
The plants Rutaceae family are known to have contributed a lot toward food and medicine. The most important metabolites of the family are flavonoids. A systematic review was conducted to collect chemical and pharmacological information of flavonoids isolated from family Rutaceae till 2018. A plethora of flavonoids have been isolated and studied systematically for various bioactivities, including anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, analgesic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, in bronchitis, ulcers, and so on. The important groups of flavonoids isolated are naringin, poncirin, rhoifolin, marmesin, hesperidin, tangeretin, nobiletin, glychalcone, glyflavanone, lemairone, acacetin 3,6-di-C-glucoside, vicenin-2, lucenin-2 4'-methyl ether, narirutin 4'-O-glucoside, apigenin 8-C-neohesperidoside, phloretin 3',5'-di-C-glucoside, rutin, rhamnetin, dihydrokaempferol, dihydrokaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside (engeletin) and kaempferol, excavaside A and B, myricetin 3-O-β-D-rutinoside, myricetin 3,3'-di-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3'-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, and others. The flavonoids isolated from the citrus family need to be considered from a nutraceutical, therapeutic, and pharmaceutical point of view for future medicine.
Topics: Citrus; Flavonoids; Glucosides
PubMed: 34626134
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7261 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jul 2023A well-balanced metabolism means a lower risk for metabolism-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Leptin is a secretory adipokine involved in the central control of... (Review)
Review
A well-balanced metabolism means a lower risk for metabolism-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Leptin is a secretory adipokine involved in the central control of appetite that appears to play a role in the etiology of feeding-related disorders. Additionally, the influence of exercise on feeding behaviors potentially modulates the circulation of metabolites that signal through the central nervous system. In this systematic review, we collected the recent clinical evidence on the effect of exercise on leptin concentrations in health individuals published from 2000 to 20 September 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA 2020 statement). Six hundred and thirty-eight papers were retrieved and forty-eight papers were included in the qualitative synthesis. Data supports that exercise positively influences appetite via enhancing peripheral and central leptin signaling (reuptake), especially during weight loss. Exercise modulation of leptin signaling through leptin receptors helps to stabilize increases in food intake during periods of negative energy balance, prior to a decrease in the body fat tissue content. At a high intensity, exercise appears to counteract leptin resistance.
PubMed: 37445524
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134490